Palash Speaks

Martin Luther King`s Dream Heralds Thundering Spring Obmania!
Troubled Galaxy Destroyed Dreams: Chapter 54
Palash Biswas
http://troubledgalaxydetroyeddreams.blogspot.com/

Martin Luther King, Jr. - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Martin Luther King, Jr. (January 15, 1929 – April 4, 1968) was an American clergyman, activist and prominent leader in the American civil rights movement. ...
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Martin Luther King - Biography
Martin Luther King Martin Luther King, Jr., (January 15, 1929-April 4, 1968) was born Michael Luther King, Jr., but later had his name changed to Martin. ...
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Obama draws parallels to Martin Luther King Jr.
Chicago Sun-Times, United States - 8 hours ago
Forty-five years after Martin Luther King Jr. (right) gave his historic speech in Washington DC, Barack Obama (left) accepts the Democratic nomination for ...
US Marks Anniversary of Martin Luther King's 'Dream' Speech Voice of America
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MLive.com Detroit rally commemorates Martin Luther King Jr., celebrates ...
Toronto Star, Canada - 16 hours ago
Obama was to speak at the Democratic National Convention in Denver on the 45th anniversary of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.'s "I Have a Dream" speech in ...
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BBC News
McCain Chooses Palin as Running Mate
New York Times - 1 hour ago
By MICHAEL COOPER and ELISABETH BUMILLER DAYTON, Ohio - In a surprise move, Senator John McCain announced here on Friday that he chose Gov.
Sarah Palin: the antidote to age and Clinton's disaffected voters guardian.co.uk
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History of the United States
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The United States of America is located in the middle of the North American continent, with Canada to the north and Mexico to the south. The United States ranges from the Atlantic Ocean on the nation's east coast to the Pacific Ocean bordering the west, and also includes the state of Hawaii, a series of islands located in the Pacific Ocean, the state of Alaska located in the northwestern part of the continent above the Yukon, and numerous other holdings and territories.[1]

The first known inhabitants of modern-day United States territory are believed to have arrived over a period of several thousand years beginning sometime prior to 15,000 years ago by crossing the Bering land bridge into Alaska. Solid evidence of these cultures settling in what would become the US is dated to at least 14,000 years ago.[

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_United_States

Christopher Columbus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Christopher Columbus (1451 [1] – May 20, 1506) was an Italian navigator, colonizer and explorer whose voyages across the Atlantic Ocean led to general ...
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Spartacus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Spartacus (c. 109 BC-71 BC), according to Roman historians, was a slave who became the leader (or possibly one of several leaders) in the unsuccessful slave ...
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Barack Obama - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Barack Hussein Obama II (pronounced /bəˈrɑːk hʊˈseɪn oʊˈbɑːmə/; born August 4, 1961) is the nominee of the Democratic Party for the office of President of ...
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Welcome to Obama for America
Official Website of Barack Obama 2008 Presidential Campaign.
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Barack Obama | Change We Can Believe In | Meet the Candidate
His father, Barack Obama Sr., was born and raised in a small village in Kenya, ... It has been the rich and varied experiences of Barack Obama's life ...
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The acquisition of land by state agencies to meet specifications set by private sponsors of industrial projects has emerged as one of the gravest of national concerns. Industry without land to build it upon is inconceivable. Even so, in an overpopula... | Read..

http://www.telegraphindia.com/1080829/jsp/opinion/story_9758630.jsp

Cabinet approves Companies Bill
NEW DELHI: The government on Friday approved the draft of a new companies bill to incorporate far-reaching changes, including scrapping the minimum paid-up capital requirement and setting up special courts to try offences.

The Companies Bill (2008) mandates 33 per cent independent directors on the board of a company, which will have to follow SEBI norms if it gets listed, said Mr Kapil Sibal, Science and Technology Minister. The new bill to replace the existing Companies Act, 1956 will be introduced in the coming session of Parliament in October. – PTI
I have been supporting Barrack Obama since the Day first.

For me, Martin Luther King`s Dream Heralds Thundering Spring Obmania!

I believe in History!

I believe in ideology!

I believe in Science!

I believe in the future of the indigenous communities, the real Mainstream of the life on this planet.

I support Barrack Obama because he belongs to the Main stream of black untouchables. His date with History is reminiscent to the dream of Martin Luther king!

My vision is made of historical and scientific analysis, I humbly claim!

Despite the fact that US Democrat presidential candidate Barrack Obama opened the Pandora's box in his acceptance speech in the early morning hours on Friday when he announced that there will be no tax sops for companies that outsource work out of the country, I don`t repent for my stance!

I may not forget the Aboriginal history of this World! from which our black brothers have emerged like Phoenix immortal making and proving themselves the mainstream of the most powerful Geopolitics in this Galaxy!

I may not forget the colonisation of Americas, Africa and Asia!

I may not forget the Imperialist Adventures by Columbus, Captain Cook and Vasco De Gama and the resultant ethnic cleansing continuous since then!

I may not forget Spartacus and martin Luther King!

Thus, despite knowing that no American President is allowed to overlap Americanism, American interests linked with Zionism, I have to support Barrack Obama! He is the symbol of the Black Brotherhood worldwide which proves its Indigenous potentials only in Olympic games!

I may not forget the social fabrics and realities inflicted by Caste System and Apartheid worldwide!

I want to remind you friends of the Industrialisation we have been habitual just three decades back. Mind you, our people , the Black Untouchables worldwide have been victimised by Industrialisation, Urbanisation, Colonisation and Imperialism from the first day of Capitalism! We bear the legacy of continuous Resistance! Continuous Insurrection! Continuous Annihilation!

Capitalism targets to grab all human and natural resources whatsoever cost may have to be paid for!

Just read the Wessex Novels written by Thomas Hardy!

Just read Charles Dickens!

I have written earlier how I was spellbound with the personalities of Abraham Lincoln, George Washington and john Kennedy!

Later, I read all the bloody principles and doctrines of American Presidents! I agree that Barrack Obama might prove a worse Imperialist than George Bush! Only for this assumption, I may not dare to support the Hindutva campaign to deny the Black aboriginal indigenous People of the world the opportunity to prove that they are the components of Main Stream! They may rise above the Cutt OFF line of History.

Thus, US Elections are not a constitutional affair for me. It involves the basic questions of enlightenment, awakening, organisation, empowerment, participation and sharing! It involves the Dream to change! And it happens to be the dream of Martin Luther king!

Moreover, we oppose the US Zionist corporate Imperialism and its Weapon mass destruction Economy. We recognise the democracy ensured for the Citizens of America, which is proved time and again and which has made it possible that today, Barrack Obama has a date with the history.

We respect the Human Right Activists , Peace Activists and green Activists of America who lead the global Resistance!

We recognise the role played by the Civil Society and intelligentsia in America during Vietnam War and Iraq War!

We may not forget the Anti Imperialism Resistance led by our American Friends!

I was reading all the details of Anti War movement in America during Vietnam War in my Village Basantipur in the Terai of Nainital. my Fater Late Pulin Kumar Biswas had subscribed Dainik Basumati edited by no one else but a legendary Journalist like Vivekanand Mukhopadhyaya. I was aware of the slogan, My name is viet Nam, Your name is Viet Nam!

Then, we witnessed how President Johnson was dislodged and Ronald Reagan took over. I had already landed in DSB college while Watergate episode unfolded.

Then we may not forget the Impeachment against Bill Clinton involved with Monica Lewinsky!

Details of earlier industrialisation worldwide have been documented well in History as well as literature!

But in India, Industrialisation was introduced with a lot of sharing and participation under British Rule! It was the first opportunity to break the sickles of Manusmriti as Indigenous communities got entry in Army as well as Industries breaking the age old caste system! Job Mobilisation was possible to break away with Dark Age! Our Gandhian and socialist Ideologues construct their logic on indigenous production system and self sufficient rural society without addressing the Manusmriti struck social realities and the untouchable black productive forces! The irony is that those who happened to be up against Industrialisation and urbanisation, the hypocrite Marxists, The Gandhian carbides and the Socialist Oxides never oppose the colonisation under neo liberal globalisation as the Brahminical Hegemony interests are adequately protected by the Zionist Hindu white Post Modern Manusmriti Galaxy Order run by US Corporate Imperialism!

Our people, the indigenous black untouchables felt a touch of liberation in Industrialisation under British Rule.Specially in Bengal,where untouchability was banned long before Dr Ambedkar launched Abolish untouchability Movement thanks to the Matuas led by Harichand Thakur.

Thus, only due to the strategic annihilation policies of the Ruling policy in India, some of our learned friends related to subaltern Ideology feel that English is the language of Empowerment. only for the sake of job mobilisation they tend to support indiscriminate Industrialisation and never believe the Brahminical resistance hegemony! Unfortunately, they tend to support Imperialism, MNCs, Hindutva, Zionism, Colonisation,Fascism and Globalisation!

I am afraid to say that those pro Imperialist friends fail to study History, Ideology and science and create such a mess to continue such an inherent division and partition amongst us to disintegrate our Power as Mainstream!

See, how the Republicans project the face of the new strategic re alliance of Hindutva Zionism and white dominance with Bobby Jindal as vice Presidential candidate to rally the racial support!

We must be aware of the fact that they have stopped Maywati and they may stop Barrack Obama also!
Permanent land settlement system was the lifeline for elite Brahmins. Hindus as well as Muslim peasants with the sizable tribal population lost their land and remained farm labourers. New industries opened the doors of opportunities. Thus, the Jute Mills, Cotton Mills and tea gardens accommodated not only the Bengali SC ST OBC and Minorities but these classes belonging to UP, Bihar including Jharkhand, Orissa and southern states got job there on large scale. This bulk of population was liberated from Caste System!Mind you, the Rickshaw Pullers and Coolies from Jehanabad or Gaya continue to stay in Bengal just not only for their livelihood, but it is for their life`s sake also. they are predestined to be killed by the private armies of land lords on caste line in one or another massacre!

Jute, Cotton and Tea not only accommodated the Human Resources of the indigenous communities, but the small peasants also had a rare opportunity for supply of Raw material in those industries. The produce was also consumed by the same geopolitics. Thus, it proved to be benevolent and indigenous people felt empowered with those industries! The Black Untouchables were having their schools. It was the first opportunity of enlightenment which produced personalities like Jyoti Ba Phule, Savitri Phule, Periyar, Dr Ambedkar and Jogendra Nath Mandal. Since the High Castes in Bengal had always opposed job Mobilisation quoting indigenous production system and self sufficient economy as depicted in Gana Devta by Tara Shankar Mukhopaddhyaya, since the high castes always deprived the indigenous communities of the dignity of a human being and the opportunity of enlightenment and awakening, the knowledge, our people never involved in so called Freedom struggle of Zamindars and High Castes in the same way as the elite caste Hindus never supported the Peasant and indigenous insurrection including the first struggle of independence in 1857.

Industrialisation in neo Liberal era is never meant for the indigenous communities. They won`t get the skilled computerized numbered jobs anywhere despite reservation and quota! Black untouchables are displaced , uprooted and looted in Free India by the Ruling class on the name of Industrialisation, urbanisation and development! land Acquisition Act is misused in the best interests of the MNCs! Coast Line security act, Mining and Mine safety Act and all environment acts, RTI everything is violated to feed the capitalists.

SEZ, Nuclear Parks, Retail Chain, shopping Malls, Housing Colonies, Health centres, Multiplexes, Flyover, Metro and Aviation Links, IT, Chemical Hubs, Infrastructures, Power Projects, Big dams.. everything is meant for the Ruling class having adequate purchasing power with VISA, MASTER, Credit cards!

SEZ has a protection umbrella against taxation which creates deficit in the public revenue and the general public consisting of majority SC, ST, OBC and minorities have to pay for it. They never get the high profile jobs but they are destined to pay for the Pay Scale Hikes and Price rise and Inflation!

SEZ has the rare concession of Hundred percent Export. Local or any consumer in the geopolitics s may not get the product until imported. If some percentage of the product has to be catered in Indian markets, it is meant for the ruling Class as the much hyped NANO is destined!

The ruling Hegemony has killed the constitution and all democratic institutions! Laws are amended to protect the interests of the MNCs only. For example, the chemical law has no provision of Zero Pollution which is the characteristics all over Europe and Americas! Labour laws and company laws are changed abruptly. Citizenship Act is amended to make the NRI anti Indians bonafied Indians and deport the partition victim indigenous communities!

Our people have to be the bonded Peasants or bonded labour!

Our people have to be ejected out of retail market.

Our Natural Resources the water sources and the Jungles, the minerals are to be captured by MNCs. Our Ocean has become the War zone. Our Nationalities are used for target practice!

For whom is this Industrialisation is meant for?
is our Economy rely only on Out sourcing and IT industries and thus we have to react against barrack Obama!

With this, Obama has touched the raw nerve of many American citizens who have ostensibly lost out on jobs due to their being shipped to India.So when India woke up on Friday and caught on to the Democratic Presidential candidate's power speech, there were nervous exchanges of what Obama's anti-sourcing pitch could have meant or not meant.Infosys quarters started ringing with the reaction on how in a globalised world, outsourcing is a realty. HR Director of Infosys, Mohandas Pai said his company will wait and watch.According to the nation's premier IT lobbying association NASSCOM, "Obama probably meant manufacturing and not software. US companies themselves will back outsourcing. NASSCOM President Som Mittal said US companies would find the right balance, but having worked with us in the past, most companies increase their competitiveness when they work with India.

Earlier on August 26, Hillary Clinton's Speech at the Democratic National Convention had similar overtones. "We need to elect Barack Obama because we need a President who understands that America can't compete in a global economy by padding the pockets of energy speculators, while ignoring the workers whose jobs have been shipped overseas."

Forty-five years ago Thursday, Americans listened as civil rights leader Martin Luther King, Jr. described his dream of justice and racial equality.

King delivered his now-famous "I Have a Dream" speech from the steps of the Lincoln Memorial at the end of a massive protest march through the nation's capital on August 28, 1963. He warned that, 100 years after the end of slavery, African-Americans were still "crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination."

In his speech, the civil rights leader detailed the suffering caused by racism in the United States, and he warned that African-Americans would no longer put up with second-class treatment.

But the speech also was seen as an affirmation of core American values. Vowing never to give up hope, King said he believed that "one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed" that all people are created equal.

At least 200,000 people marched through Washington, D.C. for the 1963 protest, called the March for Jobs and Freedom. They listened to speeches by civil rights leaders and performances by folk musicians like Bob Dylan and Joan Baez.

One year later, Congress passed the Civil Rights Act of 1964, prohibiting segregation and re-affirming African-American voting rights.

Thursday, Barack Obama will formally accept the Democratic party's nomination for president. Obama is the first African-American major party presidential candidate, and his speech, coming on the anniversary of King's famous address, will be closely watched.

Obama on course for history date
K.P. NAYAR
Denver, Aug. 28: History will be made in America tonight when a person of colour accepts the presidential nomination of a major political party for the first time since the founding of the United States of America.

But history will be made for other reasons too. Barack Obama will accept the mantle of his party’s nomination exactly on the 45th anniversary of Martin Luther King’s “I Have a Dream” speech, delivered on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial in Washington.

That stirring speech before a quarter million mass in 1963 became the clarion call of the civil rights movement, the culmination of which will be Obama’s candidacy for the highest office in the US, a dream that will come true tonight for millions of Americans.

It is an irony of history that Obama will realise King’s dream during a week that also marks the 88th anniversary of the 19th amendment to the US constitution that gave women the right to vote.

It is an irony because Obama’s presidential nomination is at the expense of the only woman who made a serious bid for the White House and lost it narrowly. Hillary Clinton’s lost cause would have realised the dreams of millions of American women who fought for decades against the discrimination of being denied their franchise.

Last evening when Obama’s nomination was passed by acclamation at the Democratic National Convention here, there were many black men and women among the delegates who had been refused service in white-owned grocery stores or not allowed to move into neighbourhoods populated by white families.

Many of them teared up when Nancy Pelosi, the chairwoman of the convention, announced the result of a voice vote on Obama’s nomination and then danced along the aisles of the Pepsi Centre here to Love Train, a 1973 No.1 pop song about unity by the Philadelphia soul group, 'Jays.

Hundreds of women delegates openly wept when Hillary sought an end to the state-by-state roll call which had her name on the nomination.When it was the turn of her home state of New York to vote on her nomination — along with Obama’s — Hillary took the mike and declared: “In the spirit of unity, with the goal of victory, let us declare together in one voice, right here, right now, that Barack Obama is our candidate.”

The entire scripted process in healing intra-party divisions was an exercise that squabbling politicians in other countries could learn from.

Hillary, who was close second to Obama in the Democratic primary contests, wanted her supporters to have their voice heard at the convention. So they wore Hillary pins and head scarves, sported placards declaring their support for her lost cause and demonstrated outside the convention on the streets of Denver.

When the New York Senator spoke at the convention on Tuesday, her supporters would not let her start her address because they cheered and cheered on their feet without a break.

And the party decided that her name would be on the nomination and a roll call would be taken among the delegates. Early yesterday, however, Hillary released her delegates from their commitment to vote for her, but she did not tell them how to vote. Hillary herself said she would vote for Obama.

In in an impassioned speech, she reasoned why every Democrat should now support Obama wholeheartedly. And when New York’s name was announced for the roll call, Hillary gracefully ended her dream of moving back into the White House — at least for now — by asking for an end to the process.

Last night also saw the rehabilitation of Bill Clinton among the Democratic Party faithful after he was severely criticised during the primaries for disaparaging Obama, bringing race into the campaign and generally lowering the tone of the primaries.

But last night, Democrats forgave their party’s most successful President in recent memory after he made what was probaly the strongest case by any speaker at the four-day convention for electing Obama.

His speech was a testimony to Clinton’s oratorical skills: eloquently, he told the Democrats the exact opposite of what he has been saying all along the primary season, but his audience roared in adulatory approval.
http://www.telegraphindia.com/1080829/jsp/foreign/story_9758837.jsp
Witnesses to King’s ‘Dream’ see new hope
MICHAEL POWELL

Martin Luther King Jr delivers his “I Have a Dream” speech in Washington DC on August 28,1963
Denver, Aug. 28: She figured this dream for dead so many decades ago.

Dezie Woods-Jones plans to stand with her California delegation in a stadium here and listen to Barack Obama, the first black major-party presidential nominee in the nation’s history, give his acceptance speech. Woods-Jones, now in her 60s, is one of a tiny handful of delegates who on the same day in 1963, August 28, stood with hundreds of thousands at the March on Washington and heard a young minister, the Reverend Martin Luther King Jr., deliver his soaring “I Have a Dream” speech.

“I was young, naive enough to think I would see that in 5, 10 years,” she said. “Then you see leaders killed, you see police brutality, residential segregation in cities. About 10 years ago I thought: I won’t see this. This is something for my grandchildren.”

She paused, her eyes now red-rimmed. “What to say except, ‘Oh, hallelujah!’ ” she said. “We have a lot of work, a lot, but we are so much closer than I expected.”

These veterans of the March on Washington are the living connective tissue to the America of 1963, when the police in some cities and towns still beat blacks with truncheons, and the story of their journey is as complicated as race itself.

At least five veterans of that march travelled to Denver this week as Democratic delegates, among them Representative John Lewis of Georgia, who is the last man alive of the 10 who spoke that day at the Lincoln Memorial.

This son of sharecroppers, who was almost beaten to death by police officers in Selma, Alabama, when he marched with civil rights activists across a bridge, stood on a sun-splashed street in Denver and considered the distance travelled.

His bald head still bears near half-century-old scars.

“We’ve had disappointments since then, but if someone told me I would be here,” Lewis said, shaking that head. “When people say nothing has changed, I feel like saying: ‘Come walk in my shoes.’ ”

Many veterans of the march will gather at televisions in their living rooms or sit with friends and old comrades and watch an event they would have considered impossible not just in 1963, but perhaps in 1983, or 1993. Theirs is often a cautious optimism; time has left them with a sense of the provisional nature of progress.

David R. Jones, now president of the Community Service Society in New York, recalled milling about in Washington in 1963, a 15-year-old there with classmates from a lefty school in Manhattan. Then King began to speak, and they fell quiet. “I never saw that kind of a speech,” Jones said. He was transported. But the years ahead often cast a deep shadow. Jones, who is black, was beaten by the side of the road in Maine. He fought for decades to integrate middle-class housing developments and saw young whites wave watermelons at black marchers in Brooklyn.

New York Times News Service

Martin Luther King, Jr.

"I Have a Dream"

http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/mlkihaveadream.htm

[AUTHENTICITY CERTIFIED: Text version below transcribed directly from audio. (2)]

I am happy to join with you today in what will go down in history as the greatest demonstration for freedom in the history of our nation.

Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand today, signed the Emancipation Proclamation. This momentous decree came as a great beacon light of hope to millions of Negro slaves who had been seared in the flames of withering injustice. It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of their captivity.

But one hundred years later, the Negro still is not free. One hundred years later, the life of the Negro is still sadly crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination. One hundred years later, the Negro lives on a lonely island of poverty in the midst of a vast ocean of material prosperity. One hundred years later, the Negro is still languished in the corners of American society and finds himself an exile in his own land. And so we've come here today to dramatize a shameful condition.

In a sense we've come to our nation's capital to cash a check. When the architects of our republic wrote the magnificent words of the Constitution and the Declaration of Independence, they were signing a promissory note to which every American was to fall heir. This note was a promise that all men, yes, black men as well as white men, would be guaranteed the "unalienable Rights" of "Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness." It is obvious today that America has defaulted on this promissory note, insofar as her citizens of color are concerned. Instead of honoring this sacred obligation, America has given the Negro people a bad check, a check which has come back marked "insufficient funds."

But we refuse to believe that the bank of justice is bankrupt. We refuse to believe that there are insufficient funds in the great vaults of opportunity of this nation. And so, we've come to cash this check, a check that will give us upon demand the riches of freedom and the security of justice.

We have also come to this hallowed spot to remind America of the fierce urgency of Now. This is no time to engage in the luxury of cooling off or to take the tranquilizing drug of gradualism. Now is the time to make real the promises of democracy. Now is the time to rise from the dark and desolate valley of segregation to the sunlit path of racial justice. Now is the time to lift our nation from the quicksands of racial injustice to the solid rock of brotherhood. Now is the time to make justice a reality for all of God's children.

It would be fatal for the nation to overlook the urgency of the moment. This sweltering summer of the Negro's legitimate discontent will not pass until there is an invigorating autumn of freedom and equality. Nineteen sixty-three is not an end, but a beginning. And those who hope that the Negro needed to blow off steam and will now be content will have a rude awakening if the nation returns to business as usual. And there will be neither rest nor tranquility in America until the Negro is granted his citizenship rights. The whirlwinds of revolt will continue to shake the foundations of our nation until the bright day of justice emerges.

But there is something that I must say to my people, who stand on the warm threshold which leads into the palace of justice: In the process of gaining our rightful place, we must not be guilty of wrongful deeds. Let us not seek to satisfy our thirst for freedom by drinking from the cup of bitterness and hatred. We must forever conduct our struggle on the high plane of dignity and discipline. We must not allow our creative protest to degenerate into physical violence. Again and again, we must rise to the majestic heights of meeting physical force with soul force.

The marvelous new militancy which has engulfed the Negro community must not lead us to a distrust of all white people, for many of our white brothers, as evidenced by their presence here today, have come to realize that their destiny is tied up with our destiny. And they have come to realize that their freedom is inextricably bound to our freedom.

We cannot walk alone.

And as we walk, we must make the pledge that we shall always march ahead.

We cannot turn back.

There are those who are asking the devotees of civil rights, "When will you be satisfied?" We can never be satisfied as long as the Negro is the victim of the unspeakable horrors of police brutality. We can never be satisfied as long as our bodies, heavy with the fatigue of travel, cannot gain lodging in the motels of the highways and the hotels of the cities. We cannot be satisfied as long as the negro's basic mobility is from a smaller ghetto to a larger one. We can never be satisfied as long as our children are stripped of their self-hood and robbed of their dignity by a sign stating: "For Whites Only." We cannot be satisfied as long as a Negro in Mississippi cannot vote and a Negro in New York believes he has nothing for which to vote. No, no, we are not satisfied, and we will not be satisfied until "justice rolls down like waters, and righteousness like a mighty stream."¹

I am not unmindful that some of you have come here out of great trials and tribulations. Some of you have come fresh from narrow jail cells. And some of you have come from areas where your quest -- quest for freedom left you battered by the storms of persecution and staggered by the winds of police brutality. You have been the veterans of creative suffering. Continue to work with the faith that unearned suffering is redemptive. Go back to Mississippi, go back to Alabama, go back to South Carolina, go back to Georgia, go back to Louisiana, go back to the slums and ghettos of our northern cities, knowing that somehow this situation can and will be changed.

Let us not wallow in the valley of despair, I say to you today, my friends.

And so even though we face the difficulties of today and tomorrow, I still have a dream. It is a dream deeply rooted in the American dream.

I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal."

I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia, the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave owners will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood.

I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi, a state sweltering with the heat of injustice, sweltering with the heat of oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice.

I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.

I have a dream today!

I have a dream that one day, down in Alabama, with its vicious racists, with its governor having his lips dripping with the words of "interposition" and "nullification" -- one day right there in Alabama little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls as sisters and brothers.

I have a dream today!

I have a dream that one day every valley shall be exalted, and every hill and mountain shall be made low, the rough places will be made plain, and the crooked places will be made straight; "and the glory of the Lord shall be revealed and all flesh shall see it together."²

This is our hope, and this is the faith that I go back to the South with.

With this faith, we will be able to hew out of the mountain of despair a stone of hope. With this faith, we will be able to transform the jangling discords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of brotherhood. With this faith, we will be able to work together, to pray together, to struggle together, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together, knowing that we will be free one day.

And this will be the day -- this will be the day when all of God's children will be able to sing with new meaning:

My country 'tis of thee, sweet land of liberty, of thee I sing.

Land where my fathers died, land of the Pilgrim's pride,

From every mountainside, let freedom ring!

And if America is to be a great nation, this must become true.

And so let freedom ring from the prodigious hilltops of New Hampshire.

Let freedom ring from the mighty mountains of New York.

Let freedom ring from the heightening Alleghenies of Pennsylvania.

Let freedom ring from the snow-capped Rockies of Colorado.

Let freedom ring from the curvaceous slopes of California.

But not only that:

Let freedom ring from Stone Mountain of Georgia.

Let freedom ring from Lookout Mountain of Tennessee.

Let freedom ring from every hill and molehill of Mississippi.

From every mountainside, let freedom ring.

And when this happens, when we allow freedom ring, when we let it ring from every village and every hamlet, from every state and every city, we will be able to speed up that day when all of God's children, black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles, Protestants and Catholics, will be able to join hands and sing in the words of the old Negro spiritual:

Free at last! Free at last!

Thank God Almighty, we are free at last!³

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Book/CDs by Michael E. Eidenmuller, Published by McGraw-Hill (2008)

¹ Amos 5:24 (rendered precisely in The American Standard Version of the Holy Bible)

² Isaiah 40:4-5 (King James Version of the Holy Bible). Quotation marks are excluded from part of this moment in the text because King's rendering of Isaiah 40:4 does not precisely follow the KJV version from which he quotes (e.g., "hill" and "mountain" are reversed in the KJV). King's rendering of Isaiah 40:5, however, is precisely quoted from the KJV.

³ At: http://www.negrospirituals.com/news-song/free_at_last_from.htm

Video Source: Linked directly to: http://www.earthstation1.com/

Also in this database: Martin Luther King, Jr: A Time to Break Silence

External Link: http://www.mlkmemorial.org/

External Link: http://www.thekingcenter.org/

Copyright Status: Text, Audio = Restricted, seek permission. Images & Video = Uncertain.

Copyright inquiries and permission requests may be directed to:

Estate of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr
Intellectual Properties Management
One Freedom Plaza
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Elections

BBC News McCain Chooses Palin as Running Mate
New York Times - 1 hour ago
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Telegraph.co.uk Campaigning Starts With Running Mates in Tow
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Times Online Obama's message moves iReporters
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Voice of America Minnesota governor told he isn't McCain's VP pick, sources say
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Voice of America World Watches as Obama Makes History
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They saw King's 'Dream' speech, heard Obama -- and marvel
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Times Online Rocking the house -- and the vote -- for Obama in Denver stadium
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Spiegel Online Obama, McCain vie for suburbanites, white women
The Associated Press - 42 minutes ago
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ITV.com News Analysis In Speech, Bringing Lofty Words Down to Earth
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Senator Joseph R. Biden Jr. and his wife, Jill, with Senator Barack Obama and his wife, Michelle, faced a crowd of nearly 80000 people on Thursday night at Invesco Field in Denver.
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TIME The Spectacle and the Speech
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By Chris Suellentrop Franklin Foer, the editor of The New Republic, thought it was an Olympian moment: “Tonight reminded me of the Beijing opening ceremony.
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Washington Post Ron Paul plans Republican rally of his own
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Cleveland Leader Hutchison calls McCain's VP choice 'bold'
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BBC News Shaun Ley's week
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By Shaun Ley I hesitated before starting to write this week. I know that for some of you my subject will provoke the same sort of despair/rage/lack of interest which may have caused you to throw things at the radio or re-tune it for the duration.
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Alaska Gov. Sarah Palin to be John McCain’s VP Candidate
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Wall Street Journal Blogs Obama accepts nomination, promises tax cuts for working class, end ...
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BBC News Al Gore holds himself out as cautionary tale
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New York Daily News How Many Homes Does John McCain Own?
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The Saga of Bihar and Jharkhand: Underground Fire Within Submerged Human Scape

Troubled Galaxy Destroyed Dreams: Chapter 53

Palash Biswas
http://troubledgalaxydetroyeddreams.blogspot.com/

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Jharia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Jharia coal field fire. The Jharia coalfield in Bihar is an exclusive storehouse of prime coke coal in the country, consisting of 23 large underground ...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jharia - 39k - Cached - Similar pages - Note this

TopNews
Education, employment will check extremism: Soren
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Bihar - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Bihar, which is the 12th largest state in terms of geographical size and 3rd largest by population, has close to 90 per cent rural population. ...
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[PDF]
Dynamics of coal fire in Jharia Coalfield, Jharkhand, India during ...
File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - View as HTML
10 Jan 2007 ... Surface and subsurface coal-fire areas of Jharia Coalfield during 1992 .... fire to the surface (a), from underground mining galleries with ...
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by RS Chatterjee - 2007 - Cited by 2 - Related articles - All 3 versions
American Chronicle | Underground mine fire engulfing Jharia town ...
- 10:36am
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Obama to Be Nominated as Another Clinton Speaks
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NDTV.com
Jammu hostage crisis: 2 terrorists killed
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Sify Singur effect takes its toll on industry
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Singur railway station is 34 km from Howrah Station on the Howrah-Tarakeswar line. It is 2 km ahead of Kamarkundu junction, the crossing point of ...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singur - 72k - Cached - Similar pages - Note this

News results for Bengal

Wall Street Journal Continue investing in West Bengal: Buddhadeb to India Inc - 26 Aug 2008

NEW DELHI- West Bengal Chief Minister Buddhadeb Bhattacharya on Tuesday attempted to placate India Inc on Singur issue. “Continue investing in West Bengal,” ...

Times of India - 1644 related articles »
UPDATE 1- JSW Steel to go ahead with Bengal project - official - Reuters India - 52 related articles »
“Centre can play facilitating role in West Bengal” - Hindu - 17 related articles »

Bengal - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
- 21 Aug
Bengal (Bengali: বঙ্গ Bôngo, বাংলা Bangla, বঙ্গদেশ Bôngodesh or বাংলাদেশ Bangladesh), is a historical and geographical region in the ...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bengal - 130k - Cached - Similar pages - Note this
Orissa Government Portal
Official site with information on the ministers, departments, corporations, tourism, and culture.
www.orissa.gov.in/ - 115k - Cached - Similar pages - Note this
Orissa - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Orissa is the ninth largest state by area and the eleventh largest by population. Oriya is the official and most widely spoken language. ...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orissa - 112k - Cached - Similar pages - Note this

Amid the reports of Flood Riots in Bihar and Singur Stand Off in Bengal ,Our old Friend, the Robin Hood of Jharkhan, Disham Guru Shibu Soren has become the chief Minister of Jharkhand crossing across so many controversies the Indian Nation is quite aware of. Now Jharkhand Mukti Morcha is a ruling party after all. The party which spearheaded the Jaharkhand Nationality Movement once upon a time. Whereas in Orissa, communal flare up continues.
Hardening its posture, the Trinamool Congress ruled out any compromise with the West Bengal government or the Tata on Singur issue, threatening to intensify the agitation and take it to the doorstep of the state secretariat.

"Return 400 acres and we will leave Singur. But we will not bow our heads to the CPM and the Tatas and for that I am ready to sacrifice my life," Trinamool chief Mamata Banerjee, who is on an indefinite dharna outside the Tata Motors plant since August 24 told a gathering.

"I am still holding my patience. It is not a movement by any political party but a farmer's movement. We have already agreed that the main factory of the plant will be set up on 600 acres. How much more blood of farmers do they want?" she asked.

Commenting on the concern expressed over the obstruction of movement of trucks as traffic on Durgapur Expressway, the busiest freight corridor in the state, remained paralaysed for the fourth day today due to Trinamool Congress's dharna in Singur, Banerjee said, "The government is now holding brief for the truck operators after looking after the interests of the Tatas."

"One road has been closed. Next it is turn of Chief Minister Buddhadeb Bhattacherjee's doors to the Writer's Buildings (state secretariat) to be closed," she said.

She said instead of two-hour road blockade across the state beginning 3 pm on Friday it would be one-hour road blockade from 4 pm. "The step was taken considering the people's inconvenience in mind", she said.

With Bihar reeling under devastating floods, Prime Minister Manmohan Singh will undertake a day-long aerial survey tomorrow of the worst-affected areas to assess the damage caused by the swirling flood waters of major rivers in the state.

The Prime Minister will fly over North Bihar which has borne the worst brunt of the current spell of floods in the state leaving millions affected.

Singh's visit follows demands by Bihar leaders cutting across party lines that the Prime Minister must assess the situation himself and sanction enough Central funds to tide over the problem.

After making an aerial survey, Singh is scheduled to review the relief and rescue measures launched by the state government at a high-level meeting with senior officials.

A delegation of UPA parties in Bihar led by RJD chief Lalu Prasad had called on Singh yesterday to apprise him of the grim flood situation in state and seek a massive relief package from the Centre.

Besides requesting the Prime Minister to visit Bihar, Prasad had asked UPA Chairperson Sonia Gandhi to visit the state and take stock of the flood situation in large areas of the state.
Prime Minister Manmohan Singh has announced an additional assistance of Rs 250 crore to the Bodoland Territorial Council (BTC) and Rs 20 crore to Majuli, world's largest river island, during his two-day visit to the state.

Chief Minister Tarun Gogoi said today that Dr Manmohan Singh had reviewed the entire gamut of issues concerning security, development and welfare of the people with him during his two-day visit, which ended on Tuesday, to his home constituency.

I am closely linked with these three states besides my home states Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh! my mother late Basanti Debi belonged to Baripada, Orissa. Partition victim Bengali Indigenous refugees form a significant part of Orissa population. Specially the SEZ drive in Paradip area is involved with deportation of our people. Coastal areas are also inhibited by our people. More over, historically Bengal, Orissa and Bihar with Jaharkhand formed single geopolitics in recent past. Even the United Province was included in British Presidency area!

I am accustomed to calamities. Our life is full of calamities. We worshipped all natural forces to face all these calamities. We worshipped totems as we were connected with nature. We still happen to be the people of the Past rather than those of the Present!

Past is never past for us. Past always overtakes our Present as well as our Future.
Our people inhibited the River zone of East Bengal until they were ejected out of their homeland. Thus , we share the legacy of Floods,Tsunami, Earth Quake, Famine, Starvation, Poverty ,Epidemics and all the calamities!

Our live contact with the nature always saved us as the aboriginal tribes in Andaman and Nicobar survived Tsunami. Our folk culture, deep rooted Natural livelihood and economy with abundance of Natural resources, our totems, Myths, superstitions and rituals saved us for thousands and thousands years.

We are a combined human scape and We always feel the warmth of underground Fire within us. The human scape is often submerged, flooded, inflicted with epidemics,cold wave, heatwave and other calamities, but we never cease to feel the underground fire! This fire enables us to resist the ruling class for time infinite. Indigenous communities survive all aggressions divine or human, with this underground fire only. Our People, thus, lead the anti imperialist War worldwide. All the indigenous people in Americas, Africa, Europe, Australia and Asia happen to be our blood relations as we are the Black untouchables.

I felt the Underground fire within as well as out while I landed in Jharia Coal Field! Since then, I am habitual to see all the indigenous people from Himalayas to the Down South being submerged with either Floods or Tsunami. We are depressed for time infinite. We are deprived for time infinite. We have been kept in darkness for ever. We are inherent of injustice and inequality. We are enslaved. We are the submerged United geopolitics of Black Untouchables!

But we have got the Underground fire within us! So they brand us as Demons, Dragons, Devils, Rakshas, Asurs, Terrorists, Extremists, Separatists, Anti Nationals,Maoists and so on whenever we stand United rock solid to defend Man and Nature, whenever we try to protect our property the natural Resources, whenever we demand for empowerment and awakening, enlightenment and share, participation in so called democracy, whenever we demand to recognise our identity and right of self determination!

They have their religion and all the holy scripts!

They have the Ruling Hegemony equipped with Military Gestapo!

They have their bloody New Galaxy Post Modern Manusmriti Apartheid Order run by corporate MNC Zionist White Hindu Imperialism.

They are habitual of making our home killing fields.

They have hands full of Blood.

They have minds full of Venom. They play Mind control game to finish us, our languages, our culture!

They use all the calamities against us to uproot us from life and liberty! Most of the calamities are Man made, masterminded to annihilate us and capture our natural resources, self sufficient sovereign Indigenous Production system.
They call it development!
They call it Urbanisation!
They call it Industrialisation.
They call it Infrastructure!
They brand it as SEZ, Chemical Hub, Nuclear Energy, Retail chain, Information explosion and reality show and so on!

They have all the weapons of Mass Destruction.. Nuclear, chemical, Biological..

They have complete dominance on our soul, our spirit, our livelihood, our life and beyond our life, our space, our galaxy!
They own all the Black Holes to send us there only!

Any flare up of the Under Ground fire sends off global alert and all the killing instinct combined, we are targeted! They call it war of Ideology! War of Culture! War against Terrorism. War against Maoism!

How do they work aligned!
just see!
Warning that 'fear psychosis' was being created to slow down projects of national interest, India's corporate leader Mukesh Amabni on Wednesday threw his lot behind Tata's Nano project in Singur saying industry and politicians need to work together.

"A fear psychosis is being created to slow down certain projects of national importance. This will be counter productive for the country's economic growth, its global image as well as our ability to attract investments from across the world," the Reliance Industries Chairman said in a statement.

Ambani called for the Indian industry and the political leadership to work together to meet aspirations of millions of Indians in urban and rural areas.

Justifying its stand on scrapping of SEZ projects in Goa, the state government has said the Centre has the power to denotify those which are not operational within the stipulated timeframe.

"During my talks with Union Commerce Minister Kamal Nath, he said that SEZ projects should be completed within a particular time or else the Centre has the power to denotify them," Chief Minister Digambar Kamat told the Legislative Assembly on Tuesday.

The Chief Minister said the State Government's stand on SEZs is very clear and there is no change in it.

12 SEZs have been scrapped in Goa while three zones are pending denotification. In all seven SEZ developers have filed cases in the Bombay High Court against the State Govenment-run Goa Industrial Development Corporation's (GIDC) move to issue show cause notice to them seeking to revoke allotted land.

Earlier, Leader of Opposition, Manohar Parrikar had alleged that government was not seriously applying its mind over getting rid of SEZs.

Parrikar had said he does not doubt government's intention but felt that it is not serious on implementation.

Replying to the contention, Kamat said that there will be no laxity in defending the cases against SEZs in the Court.

"We will engage best of lawyers in the country," he said.

Kamat also added that he would examine the possiblity whether GIDC can take back the land from SEZ developers under lease agreement.

Feel the striking Power of the Repressive ruling Hegemony!
Minister of State for Defence M M Pallam Raju on Wednesday said forces inimical to India were trying to disrupt the forthcoming elections in Jammu and Kashmir but asserted that the government was well prepared to neutralise any problem that may arise.

"The election process is on (in the state) and we expected that there will be attempts to disrupt the process and infiltration is part of that bid. But we are prepared as a nation to quell any problem that may arise," Raju told reporters on the sidelines of a defence seminar here.

"Forces that are behind the disruption want to show that they exist. We are taking all efforts to see that they do not get a upper hand and they will be neutralised," he said.

Stating that increase in infiltration and militant attacks were anticipated as this being an election year for J&K, Raju said there may be plans to disrupt the normal process of polling.

"That is why we are aware and prepared. It is unfortunate that this (militant attack) is happening. I hope that it will discontinue in the near future," he said.

Discounting the Amarnath controversy as a prime reason for the trouble the border state faced today, Raju said row had nothing to do with the increase in infiltration or the terror attacks. He said the terror attacks and infiltration bids are entirely to disrupt the elections slated for October this year.

"The Amarnath controversy has happened at a wrong time unfortunately. But it has nothing to do with it (infiltration and terror attacks)," the minister said.

Pope Benedict XVI on Wednesday "firmly condemned" the violence in Orissa and called upon Indian religious and civil authorities "to work together to restore peaceful co-existence and harmony between the different religious communities!

What is the stance of the Secular UPA Centre?
Here you are!
In the wake of violence in Kandhamal and other districts of Orissa which claimed nine lives, Union Home Minister Shivraj Patil said no political party or group should be accused without proper evidence.

"Who has actually done it (killing of VHP leader Laxmanananda Saraswati or indulging in violence that followed) we have to find out. Some people say this party or this section of society having this kind of ideology has done it... Let it be decided," Patil told news channel Times Now.
"I have been in contact with the chief minister (of Orissa) and I have told him that the incident in which the Swami was killed has to be condemned. But it should not cause damage to others and it is the responsibility of the state government and all of us that different sections of society should not be attacked," Patil said.
Patil agreed that initial reports suggested involvement of Naxals in the killing of Saraswati but said, "Unless and until it is proved who has done it, acting against some section of society is wrong."
Saraswati, a VHP activist, had been active in the area for the last four decades.
The Home Minister informed that 20 companies of paramilitary and helicopters have been provided to Orissa to deal with the violence that continues to rock the state. Minister of State for Home Sri Prakash Jaiswal is visiting the state to take stock of the situation.
In the violence that followed the murder of Saraswati, at least nine people have lost their lives and several have been injured. Unofficial reports put the death toll at 14.
Fresh wave of communal violence hits Orissa 27 Aug 2008 14:05:00 GMT
Source: Trocaire - Ireland
Trocaire
Website: http://trocaire.org
Reuters and AlertNet are not responsible for the content of this article or for any external Internet sites. The views expressed are the author's alone.

Orissa, a state of just under 40 million people in east India faces many development problems. It is one of the poorest states in India with almost half of its people living in poverty, it faces natural disasters such as flooding and drought on an annual basis, and now it is in the midst of communal violence that has seen at least 9 people killed over a three day period.
Orissa has suffered from communal tension between Hindus and Christians in the past but the current wave of violence has spread far wider than any previous incidents. The killing of an elderly Hindu religious leader and five of his followers in the district of Kandhamal late on Saturday night triggered the current violence. Despite Maoist rebels being blamed by the police for the killings many Hindu leaders are blaming Christians for the attack and as a result a severe backlash against Christian institutions, NGOs and communities has been witnessed over the past 2 days. Some of Trócaire's local partners have been caught up in the violence. Kandhamal has a history of communal violence, the most recent being last Christmas when at least 5 Christians were killed, hundreds of Christian owned houses and shops were destroyed, and many churches were attacked.
The entire state was brought to a standstill on Monday when a day long strike was called by supporters of the murdered Hindu leader. Fanatical mobs caused mayhem at will in many pockets of the state. In the capital city, Bhubaneswar, life was brought to a halt with all offices and shops closed and traffic forbidden to move. Anyone who ventured out risked facing the wrath of the mob and many people were injured as a result.
Churches and church-run institutions were and continue to be attacked at will across much of Orissa, not just in the Kandhamal area. The government has imposed a curfew in the worse affected areas and Rapid Action Force personnel have been deployed to several sensitive areas of Kandhamal. However, this action came too late for many. At least three people have been killed in the district and many NGOs have had their offices looted. One Trocaire partner had their office burnt to the ground and all their vehicles destroyed. Many staff of that organisation are currently in hiding as police have been unable to offer sufficient protection from the fundamentalists.
Reports from other parts of Orissa are equally depressing with churches and Christians facing attack. In one horrifying incident a missionary-run orphanage in western Orissa was set a light and a female employee caught inside the building was burnt to death.
Trócaire has been working in Orissa since 1999 when the state was hit by a devastating cyclone. We work with a mix of Christian headed, Hindu headed and non-denominational NGOs in rural Orissa. We are closely assessing the developments in the state and will work with our partners and other international organisations to help those most affected by the current violence.
http://www.alertnet.org/thenews/fromthefield/220999/121984604991.htm

After days of political upheavals in the state, Jharkhand Mukti Morcha (JMM) chief Shibu Soren was finally sworn-in as the Chief Minister of Jharkhand on Wednesday.Soren was invited to form the government on Monday by Governor Syed Sibtey Razi.Soren gained the numbers to form the government in the state with the support of Madhu Koda, who recently resigned as the chief minister of Jharkhand.
Koda, who was forced to step down on Saturday to make way for Soren, took a U-turn and extended his support to the JMM chief after a meeting with him and RJD chief Lalu Prasad.

"I have extended support to Shibu Soren. No one is above the UPA (United Progressive Alliance)," Koda had told reporters.

The Koda government was reduced to a minority in the state legislature after the JMM withdrew support to it on August 17. Koda stepped down following advice from the Central UPA leadership.

While the Congress and the RJD announced their support to Soren, he managed to win over eight Independents, including Koda, one after the other.

On Monday, Deputy Chief Minister Stephen Marandi in the Koda government also announced his support to Soren.

Soren, who was chief minister of the state for 10 days in March 2005, had long dreamt of returning to the post. He got an opportunity when his party supported the Manmohan Singh government in the crucial Trust Vote on July 22.

How Shibu Soren has changed!
How the Marxists known for the land reform drive, anti imperialist anti feudal movements, peasant and labour movements, cultural activities, Tebhaga, Telengana, Food Movement, Rural development, decentralisation of power and so on... have changed !
Marxists are known for their Ideology!
Shibu Soren is not an individual of Ideology!
Had Comrade AK Roy changed, I would have been shocked!
He is as intact as he always has been.
AK Roy is a man of ideology!
Just see the changing color of the Marxists!
The CPI(M) on Wednesday distanced itself from West Bengal Chief Minister Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee's remarks that he does not support any bandh, which has generated a country-wide repercussion, forcing the Left allies to plan to raise the issue at its next meeting.
"This is not our party's stand," the state secretary of the party Biman Bose, who is also the Left Front chairman, told reporters today when his reaction was sought on the Chief Minister's anti-bandh remarks.
Later, at a meeting to mourn the death of Harkishan Singh Surjeet where the Chief Minister was also present, Bose said that it was the fundamental right of workers to take recourse to strike to fulfil their just demands.
"If workers are deprived by owners, they cannot take law in their own hands. Strike is a weapon to fulfil their demands."
West Bengal Chief Minister Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee on Wednesday said that Prime Minister Manmohan Singh was responsible for breaking the UPA coalition which had resulted in withdrawal of Left support to the government.
Speaking at the condolence meeting of former CPI-M general secretary Harkishan Singh Surjeet here, Bhattacharjee said that the Left's support to UPA government was not unconditional.
"We had been opposing the 123 deal as it would undermine the country's sovereignty," he said.
We condemn Buddha Brand and the Blind Run of the Ruling Left on the super Highway of capitalist development.
Let us evaluate the tradition of revisionism right from PC Joshi, Nambudaripad,Nag Bhushan Patnaik, Vinod Mishra, Jyoti Basu and Surjeet!
Just read between the lines as uttered by comrade Buddhadeb, the Brahmin!
West Bengal Chief Minister Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee on Wednesday said that Prime Minister Manmohan Singh was responsible for breaking the UPA coalition which had resulted in withdrawal of Left support to the government.
Speaking at the condolence meeting of former CPI-M general secretary Harkishan Singh Surjeet here, Bhattacharjee said that the Left's support to UPA government was not unconditional.
"We had been opposing the 123 deal as it would undermine the country's sovereignty," he said.
He said that the Prime Minister had broken the coalition by trying to enter into the civil-nuclear deal with the US.
The Left parties are in such a situation now that they have to ward off dangers posed by the Congress on one side and BJP on the other. "In this scenario, we will have to build up a separate front," he said.
Referring to BJP, he said that although the party was not in power, it was trying to raise its `ugly head' as manifested in the recent violence in J&K and Orissa.
Recounting Surjeet's contribution to coalition politics, he said that the Left parties should garner enough strength to fight communal forces.
West Bengal Chief Minister Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee on Wednesday reviewed the Singur situation at a high-level meeting at Writers' Buildings.
The meeting was attended by Chief Secretary A K Deb, Home Secretary Ashok Mohan Chakraborty, DGP A B Vohra, city police Chief Gautam Mohan Chakraborty and IGP (law and order) Raj Kanojia, besides Industry Secretary Sabyasachi Sen.
Kanojia said that other 'important issues' also figured in the meeting.
He said that the police had been instructed not to be provoked under any circumstances while keeping watch on the situation at Singur.
"Adequate police deployment has been made at Singur under the supervision of senior officers," he said adding that the situation there was 'peaceful' during the day.
He said that many vehicles from here were being diverted through old Delhi road as the Durgapur Expressway was still blocked due to dharna by Trinamool Congress activists.
He said that talks were still on to reopen one side of the expressway to facilitate movement of stranded vehicles.

The memories of the Past haunts me violently as I witnessed joint Rallies of JMM and Marxist co Ordination Committee led by our dearest comrade AK Roy, the ex M.P. from Dhanbad!
I was unfortunate enough to be present in the JMM Convention when Suraj Mandal succeeded to alienate AK Roy from JMM. Only Binod Bihari Mahato accompanied AK Roy until he breathed last. I don`t know the where about of Suraj Mandal, the mastermind behind the division!
I also was lucky to visit underground bases of Shibu Soren in the forests of Jharkhand. I witnessed how unexpected changes changed the man.
I landed in Dhanbad very dramatically. I started for Allahabad University as soon as I got the Marks sheet of my M.A. Final exams. I intended to complete the research work and then adjust myself in either Nainital or Almora Campus of Kumaun University. I reached Allahabad and took a Rickshaw to get in the house of eminent Hindi Writer Shailesh Matiyani in Colonel Gaunj. he sent me immediately to the University. Where I met Dr Raghuvansh, then the head of Hindi Department. he suggested me to work in Hinidi. Then, I met Dr Manas Mukul Das with whom I debated modern poetry for hours in Nainital. He had already registered six students and could not accommodate me. He introduced me to Dr Malviya and he agreed to guide me and I agreed to assist him editing his career mag!
Dr Batrohi from DSB college had stayed with Matiyani in sixties as a student. But the room was occupied by a close relation of Matiyanis. I shifted myself in another Kumayooni House. Shekhar Joshi was our Ideal as a short story writer. I used to write short stories in my earlier days. In fact , I have got two books of short stories later. Mr Joshi resided in a rented house , 100, Looker Ganj, Allahabad with two sons Pratul, Sanjay, daughter Bunty and their IZA means mother. I stayed in the house and searched for job as I had already discontinued to rely on my family since I passed B.A... I did work as a freelance journalist during my student life as part of mass mobilisation for Chipko Movement. I had a post graduation degree. thus, I believed to earn enough to support myself. I applied for Northern India Patrika beside doing some translation work for Mitra Prakashan thanks to Bhairab Prasad Gupta and Amarkant. editors working there.
Mr Mathur was the most powerful News Editor I have ever encountered. He was the recruiter in Northern India Patrika and he rejected my application. Manglesh Dabral was the magazine editor. Biren Dangwal was also in Allahbad in those days. i befriended with Neelabh and Ramji Roy. Very soon, I became a part of Progressive students` Union. I have friends in SFI also.SFI friends got an accomodation for me in Mamford Ganj.i had some tutions also. Then, manglesh suggested me to go to JNU. Birenda and Neelabh endorsed. I was introduced to Urmilesh and we got Vaishali express and landed in Poorvanchal hostel of JNU. I had to do M. Phil in Linguistics. The next day, iIwas out to search for job. I got one in Delhi Press. but I could not stay there. I was getting some assignments and translation works.
Meanwhile, I visited my village. Where i came to know that DSB College english department was looking for me. I just rushed to Nainital. Captain LM sah was the head of the department. He drafted the application and recommended it. I had to meet the Vice Chancellor. I visited the VC office in Brook Hill. I had to wait for some time. Meanwhile, so impulsive I had been, my student life experience and encounters with the VC haunted me and I decided against surrendering to the corrupt VC. i never knew, it ended my academic career.
Yes, I had been very impulsive as Namashudras are best known for. All Indigenous communities suffer from this sever personality disorder. I had to pay for it so often!
I returned to my village Basanti Pur and got involved in a quarrel during a drama festival. My friend Tekka was beaten. it enraged me so much that I stopped the show as I enjoyed the support of the youth and students whom I used to lead.
My father was very angry. it was a hot exchange as he suggested me that I had to be cool and work for peace!
The next day, I got a letter from Urmilesh. he had visited Dhanbad and was offered a job in a daily News paper. He was not interested. But he knew that I could do the job as I had a soft corner for Nationality Movement and Jharkhand.
Immediately I rushed to JNU. I told Urmilesh that I would be working there until next session opens. I wanted to have a feel of Indian Economy and I believed I might get the experience in Jharkhand. In 1980, Jharkhand was a part of Bihar. I was proud of Bihar`s indigenous History and present. i was aware of mass movements and general consciousness and awakening in Bihar. I wanted to be a part of all this. My family was not involved in all this vital decisions. Having reached Dhanbad I stayed with Hindi Poet Madan Kashyap who was a sub editor in Daily Awaz.
Brahm Dev Sharma, the editor and Bankim Babu, the manager welcomed me. Having joined Awaz, I informed my father.
Very soon, I was involved with Jharkhand movement. Beer Bahrat talwar was in Dhanbad and he and Man Mohan Pathak were publishing Shalpatra. Professor Prabhakar singh and Professor BB Sharma led the pro Jharkhand Intelligentsia.
Ak roy organised Prem Chand Jayanti. Mahashweta Debi was the chief guest. I had read all her prominent works including Hazar Churaseer Ma, Aranyer Adhikar, Chotti Mundra Teer and so on. In fact, I was introducing mahashweta literature to the readers of Awaz in my column in Awaz. Madan kashyap was to speak. but he had to leave Dhanbad for personal work. eventually I spoke. it was my first public exposure in Dhanbad. Mahashweta Di became a permanent Relation since that day. I was now very close to AK Roy.
Then, I began writing on Mines accidents. I joined classes in Indian School of Mines and CMRS. It was an interactive campaign which made me a journalist which I never intended. coal India had to declare officially that all mines are Unsafe and Mining is hazardous!
I got married in 1983. my wife Sabita belonged to Bijnore, U.P... She could not adjust in the coal fields. Then I shifted in Ranchi, in Prabhat Khabar. Finally I landed in Meerut, in 1984.

Since 1980 onwards , I am privileged to have a very responsive and favourable readership in Bihar as well as in Jharkhand. My novel Amerika se Savdhan was published serially in Awaz from Jamshedpur as well as Dhanbad since 1995 to 1997...

The Kosi swallowed fresh areas in Supaul, Saharsa, Araria and Madhepura districts of Bihar on Wednesday even as bad weather stopped three IAF choppers from conducting relief sorties. The death toll in the floods has mounted to 55 with nine more deaths reported from the region.
"Nevertheless, personnel of National Disaster Response Force (NDRF), Special Auxiliary Police (SAP), Sashastra Seema Bal (SS, state police and one column of the Army battled the elements to reach succour to victims," Additional Commissioner of Disaster Management Pratyay Amrit said.
With flood situation in Bihar turning grim, state Chief Minister Nitish Kumar on Wednesday met Prime Minister Manmohan Singh and sought central assistance of Rs 1,000 crore and one lakh tonnes of foodgrain immediately for the affected people.
After meeting Singh, Kumar told reporters here that "the Prime Minister has assured me all help. I am confident of getting full support of the central government."
"I requested the PM to give the state a relief package of Rs 1,000 crore and one lakh tonnes of foodgrain, preferably rice, to be distributed among the flood victims", Kumar said adding the PM will be carrying out an aerial survey of the flood-hit areas in Bihar tomorrow.
Pointing out that evacuation of marooned people stuck is on the top of his government's agenda, Kumar feared that the situation could turn worse in the months to come when the Kosi river releases more water.
Kumar also sought boats and tents in large numbers from the Centre to evacuate the flood victims and shelter them in safer areas.
"People in the worst-affected areas need to be evacauted early. The evacuated people may have to be kept in safer areas for a period of two to six months, which require a huge expenditure", the Chief Minister said.
Kumar said the number of affected people currently is 11 lakh, which can go up to 25 lakh if there is a further rise in the water level of Koshi, as has been the trend during September-October.
The government is currently estimating to keep 10 to 15 lakh people in tents, he said.

Union Minister and LJP President Ram Vilas Paswan on Wednesday ridiculed the Bihar government’s claim of an “unprecedented tsunami” wreaking havoc in five districts of the state.
The state government’s claim about the unprecedented tsunami is ridiculous. We can say the devastation caused by the floods in Bihar has been like that of tsunami”, Paswan told reporters at the airbase in Purnea after making an aerial survey of the affected areas in flood-hit Araria, Samastipur, Saharsa, Supaul, Purnea and Madhepura. He advised the state government to give up the confrontational attitude with the Centre, which was ready to provide all possible support and financial assistance to tackle the situation.
“The state government was alerted by the Meteorological department about the possibility of ravages likely to be caused by change of course of river Kosi in downstream Nepal.
Had the state government been alert, the situation could have been tactfully handled and the magnitude of damage minimised,” Paswan said.
Meanwhile, West Bengal Chief Minister Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee's opposition to bandhs today invited sharp criticism from his party and allies alike who said it was "unbecoming" on the part of a veteran marxist like him to make such remarks.
The opposition Congress and Trinamool dubbed it as a "volte face" and said that staging bandh was a "fundamental right" of the workers which cannnot be curtailed at the call of Bhattacharjee.
Kerala Chief Minister and Bhattacharjee's party colleague V S Achuthanandan resented the anti-bandh remarks.
"I don't think he had expressed such an opinion. If he had said so, then it is wrong," Achuthanandan told reporters in Thiruvananthapuram.
West Bengal CITU General Secretary Kali Ghosh said "this is his personal belief. We have nothing to say against individual opinion.
"We believe workers will resort to strike as long as capitalism and exploitation are there," he said pointing out that the issue raised by Bhattacharjee should have been discussed within the party.
There were ripples within the Left Front with major partners CPI, RSP and Forward Bloc criticising his remarks as "undesirable from a communist leader".
Opposing Bhattacharjee's view, AITUC general secretary Gurudas Dasgupta, MP, said, "It is very unfortunate, more so as he is a leader of the communist movement.
"Strike is the last resort and it does not take place off and on. It also happens in industrialised countries".
CPI leader D Raja expressed surprise over the remarks saying "staging bandhs is a democratic right. How can it be curbed?.
Addressing an industrialists' meet yesterday, Buddhadeb had said he was opposed to bandhs and would not allow gherao-type agitations in the state as they were "illegal".
Reuters India reports from Patna
Food riots erupted on Wednesday in eastern India, where more than 2 million people have been forced from their homes and about 250000 houses destroyed in what officials say are the worst floods in 50 years.
One person was killed in Madhepura district when angry villagers fought among themselves over limited supplies of food and medicines at overcrowded relief centres.
The Kosi river in Bihar, one of India's poorest states, smashed through mud embankments and changed course last week, unleashing huge walls of water that inundated hundreds of villages and towns. The floods have since killed nearly 50 people in Bihar.
Stranded villagers waved at passing helicopters and sent text messages to local authorities from rooftops of flooded buildings.
"Time is running out for me and there is no relief in sight and I have not eaten for days," a message from flood victim Sanjeev Kumar read.
Torrential rains have killed more than 1,000 people in South Asia since the monsoon began in June, mainly in India's northern state of Uttar Pradesh, where 725 people have lost their lives. Other deaths were reported from Nepal and Bangladesh.
Some experts blame the floods on heavier monsoon rains caused by global warming, while others say authorities have failed to take preventive measures and improve infrastructure.
Officials said flood victims had looted grain at some places in Bihar. Others ran for miles under helicopters that were dropping food packets. One boy was killed and about 30 people were injured in Supaul district when food packets fell on them.
"We have enough stock of food grains but the problem is that we have limited means of transport to supply them among the villagers," Rajesh Kumar Gupta, a government official in Madhepura, told Reuters by telephone. Continued...
http://in.reuters.com/article/domesticNews/idINDEL14385520080827

Mamata plays hardball over Singur compensation deal
Bano Haralu
Wednesday, August 27, 2008, (Kolkata)
Trinamool Congress leader Mamata Banerjee's unflinching stand on her demand is forcing the government to try and work out a better compensation package.
This, despite the government maintaining that the compensation package by them is one of the best in the country.
For instance, for every acre of single-crop land bought in Singur the West Bengal government paid almost Rs 8 and a half lakhs and upto Rs 12 Lakh for each acre of multi crop land.
Whereas in the neighbouring state of Orissa the maximum compensation offered was Rs two lakh per acre in the case of the Kalinganagar Tata steel project.
The government claims the rehabilitation scheme is also catering to nearly 3000 employable persons from the acquired land area.
"When the land acquisition notice was issued at that time there was an advertisement and we requested all those land losers to register their names who are employable," West Bengal Commerce & Industries Minister Nirupam Sen said.
As a result, nearly 3000 people have registered their names in the WBIDC camp. Out of that, more than 500 are women and more than that 500 are agricultural people and agricultural laborers.
Their qualifications have been categorised and they are being provided with different kinds of training so that their skill upgradation can take place
But Mamata is neither impressed with the statistics nor the rehabilitation scheme.
However, her demand that 400 acres should be returned could perhaps scuttle the Nano project. That's because this land is not contiguous.
In a state like Bengal where 90 per cent of available land is fertile, it's inevitable that land acquired for industry will include agricultural land. But for Mamata, Nandigram or Singur are no longer about economics but about politics.
After 30 years of Left rule the opposition have latched on to an issue with which they can put pressure on the government.
http://www.ndtv.com/convergence/ndtv/story.aspx?id=NEWEN20080063092&ch=8/27/2008%206:27:00%20PM

CTV.ca

Oil, Natural Gas Evacuations Start as Gustav Advances (Update1)
Bloomberg - 33 minutes ago
By Aaron Clark Aug. 27 (Bloomberg) -- US oil and natural-gas companies have begun to evacuate thousands of offshore workers in the Gulf of Mexico as Tropical Storm Gustav, which may become the costliest hurricane since Katrina, heads toward the region.
Dollar fluctuates as oil rises, mfg. report strong Forbes
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Great job Hillary, say gleeful Republicans
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DENVER, Colorado (AFP) - Republicans Wednesday crowed with delight at Hillary Clinton's show-stopping convention speech, claiming she had helped to build their case against Democrat White House hopeful Barack Obama.
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New Orleans considers evacuation as Gustav looms
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By Kathy Finn NEW ORLEANS, Aug 27 (Reuters) - Three years after Hurricane Katrina slammed into the Louisiana coast, New Orleans residents on Wednesday again confronted the prospect of an evacuation as Tropical Storm Gustav loomed.
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Welcome to the Official Website of Jharkhand.......................
Jharkhand, the 28th state of the Indian Union was brought into existence on November 15, 2000- the birth anniversary of the legendary Bhagwan Birsa Munda.
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Jharkhand - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jharkhand shares its border with the states of Bihar to the north, Uttar Pradesh and Chhattisgarh to the west, Orissa to the south, and West Bengal to the ...
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Ranchi Express Online : Portal to Jharkhand, India [Ranchi ...
Portal to Jharkhand, India. News, Tourism, Art, Culture, Industry and much more information about Jharkhand can be found on this site.
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News results for Jharkhand

TopNews Soren invited to form govt in Jharkhand - 25 Aug 2008

PTI Jharkhand Governor Syed Sibtey Razi on Monday night invited JMM President Shibu Soren to form the government, Raj Bhavan sources said. ...

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Shibu Soren takes oath as sixth CM of Jharkhand - Press Trust of India - 54 related articles »

Official Website of Government of Jharkhand
Capital :Ranchi Area : 79700 Sq. KM Population : 21843911. JHARKHAND - PROFILE ... JHARKHAND - PRESS RELEASE. 23-August ...
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Jharkhand Districts Maps - Jharkhand - Maps of India
Maps of all the 18 districts of the newly formed state of Jharkhand. Each of these district map clearly gives the rail and road network and the towns and ...
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Jharkhand Maps, Maps of Jharkhand India, Location Map of Jharkhand ...
Find info on Jharkhand – its districts, cities, parliamentary & assembly constituencies, ... The section also throws light on tourist destinations of Jharkhand.
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Welcome to High Court of Jharkhand
Includes information on history of the state and court, the justices, and current cause list.
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Jharkhand heading towards president's rule
Jharkhand appears heading for president's rule with the incumbent Madhu Koda government being reduced to a minority and JMM lacking the numbers to form the ...
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HIGH COURT OF JHARKHAND
HIGH COURT OF JHARKHAND. Cause List. Daily Cause List, scale.bmp (13366 bytes), Monthly Cause List. Daily List. 25-08-2008, 19-08-2008, 20-08-2008 ...
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Bihar Govt. Web Site
Contains information about governance, departments, policies, popular schemes, budget and the IT scenario in the state.
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Bihar Times : A Passage to Bihar
Provides news from the state. Also features lists of districts and NGO's.
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Boston Globe Bihar asks PMO to take Kosi river flood issue with Nepal - 2 hours ago

New Delhi, Aug 27 (PTI) With Bihar reeling under the severe flood caused by a breach in the embankment of Kosi river which originates in Nepal, ...

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Welcome to the Official Web-Site of Bihar State Tourism ...
Official website with details on destinations and facilities.
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Bihar directory
Government of India, Bihar directory that lists all important government sites in Bihar including education, tourism and health.
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Bihar, Bihar Maps, Bihar India, Bihar Tourism
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Food crisis? Try rats, says Bihar govt - Express India
18 Aug 2008 ... Patna, August 18: The Bihar government is encouraging people to eat rats in an effort to battle soaring food prices and save grain stocks. ...
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Bihar.ws is your guide to the state of Bihar. Bihar News, Bihar views, Bihar issues, Bihar resources and history of Bihar. Bihar Articles and Information.
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Welcome To Bihar Telecom Circle:Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd.
Dial 1500 to access Bihar Circle Call Centre *For any query/complain realated to your ... Shri S.C. MISRA. Chief General Manager. Bihar Telecom Circle ...
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Army called out as Kosi wreaks havoc in Bihar - Latest News - 26 Aug 2008
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Dalit Voice - The Voice of the Persecuted Nationalities Denied ...
I’d like to request on the plight of the Dalit/Black Untouchables of India and the ... India’s Black Untouchables forming about 20% of its 1120 million ...
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White Letters on Black Board - Palash Speaks - ibibo blogs
No respite expected for our Worldwide Indigenous Untouchable Black community. The Enslaved Black Untouchables, destined to be Crushed, Repressed, ...
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African Presence in Early Asia - Google Books Result
by Ivan Van Sertima, Runoko Rashidi - 1988 - Social Science - 256 pages
These people became "untouchables." The Black untouchables of today's India try to hide their identities. They are ashamed of themselves. ...
books.google.co.in/books?isbn=0887387179...

THE AFRICAN PRESENCE IN INDIA: A PHOTO ESSAY
The greatest victims of Hinduism have been the Untouchables. Indeed, probably the most substantial percentage of all the Black people of Asia can be ...
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trinicenter.com - Gandhi & the black Untouchables
As opposed to the popular perceptions, here you will see Gandhi's image from the eyes of a very famous untouchable leader, named, Dr. BR Ambedkar ...
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disinformation | the untouchable black dalits
Diop and India's Black Untouchables I just can't seem to get too excited about my own roots, being adopted and all, so I wonder at some people's fixation on ...
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The Black Panther Party (reconsidered): Reflections and Scholarship - Google Books Result
by Charles Earl Jones - 1998 - Political Science - 519 pages
On the Dalit Panthers in India, see Runoko Rashidi, "Dalits: The Black Untouchables of India," in African Presence in Early Asia, ed. ...
books.google.co.in/books?isbn=0933121962...

Re: The Hindu Civilization
Anyone who wants to know the facts read, "The Black Untouchables of India, www.claritypress.com or read "Susu Economics" www.1stbooks.com ...
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Dalit: The Black Untouchables of India by V. T. Rajshekar at ...
Who Are the Black Untouchables? Nonviolence in Practice ... Black Untouchables of India becomes of even...UNTOUCHABLES OF INDIA AN INTERNATIONAL...that 1 ...
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Authority and Meaning in Indian Religions: Hinduism and the Case ... - Google Books Result
by Julia Leslie - 2003 - Religion - 241 pages
is particularly outspoken: Prostitution of young Black Untouchable girls is sanctioned by Hindu religion, under their appelation Devadasi, ...
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Suburban Sub Humanity!

Troubled Galaxy Destroyed Dreams: Chapter 52

Palash Biswas

http://troubledgalaxydetroyeddreams.blogspot.com/

Sify
N-deal: Govt holds high-level meet
Times of India - 2 hours ago
NEW DELHI: With the NSG draft set to be amended because of demands from some member countries, government here on Sunday held a high-level meeting to analyse the new development and discuss options available to it.
We will get NSG waiver, says Minister Hindu
India talks tough over N-text amendments NDTV.com
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PR-Inside.com (Pressemitteilung)
One killed in fresh firing, Curfew in valley imposed again
Press Trust of India - 2 hours ago
Srinagar, Aug 24 (PTI) In fresh violence, one person was killed and 40 injured when security forces opened fire and lobbed tear gas shells after curfew clamped in the entire Kashmir valley today was defied by protestors at several places.
Dozens injured defying curfew in Kashmir Valley Hindustan Times
Indefinite curfew imposed in Kashmir Valley Sify
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Mamata launches indefinite stir at Singur, moots a proposal
Economic Times - 55 minutes ago
24 Aug, 2008, 2151 hrs IST, PTI SINGUR: Trinamool Congress chief Mamata Banerjee on Sunday launched an indefinite agitation by thousands of protestors outside Tata Motors Nano plant demanding return of 400 acres of land to farmers, as she mooted a ...
‘Ratan Tata should pull out his Singur project’ Sify
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Calcutta Telegraph
All-new Indica Vista launched
Hindu - 20 hours ago
A MAKEOVER: Tata Motors announced the launch of all-new Indica Vista in Mumbai on Saturday. MUMBAI: Tata Motors on Saturday launched the new generation of the country’s first and fully indigenous car - the Indica Vista.
Latest rollout opens up new Vistas for Indica Calcutta Telegraph
Tata plans phased launch of Nano Financial Express
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NTPC plans to stay out of RIL-RNRL legal dispute
Business Standard - 22 hours ago
NTPC , India's largest thermal power operator, said it will stay away from the ongoing Reliance Industries (RIL) and Reliance Natural Resources (RNRL) case in the Bombay High Court over the supply of KG Basin gas.
Ambani battle: Jethmalani accuses oil ministry of graft Times of India
Gas supply row: Possibility of Ambani brothers meeting emerges Hindu Business Line
Livemint - Sify - India Infoline.com - Financial Express

N-deal hope in Obama mate
K.P. NAYAR

File picture of Joseph Biden (right) with Kapil Sibal in Washington DC at a Ficci seminar. (Jay Mandal/On Assignment)
Washington, Aug. 23: With the choice of Senator Joseph Biden as the vice-presidential running mate by Barack Obama, the Indo-US nuclear deal has been assured a lease of life in the next US administration even if it languishes in the Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG) for a while and does not make it to the current US Congress.
Biden, who is now chairman of the US Senate’s key foreign relations committee, has been one of the most enthusiastic supporters of the deal in this capital city: without his stewardship of the enabling legislation on Capitol Hill, the deal would not have got anywhere near its current phase of operationalisation.

Republican presidential candidate John McCain has already pledged his support for the deal if he becomes the next US President. Now that Biden is certain to play a decisive foreign policy role in a prospective Obama administration, those in India who were anxious to see the deal through under the Bush administration can rest easy that the US will continue to advance nuclear co-operation with India whoever becomes the next occupant of the White House.

Please read Complete story:
http://www.telegraphindia.com/1080824/jsp/frontpage/story_9736218.jsp

What all War, Civil wars and Infiltrators could not do for sixty One years, is done quite easily with surgical precision.

The Amarnath Shrine land dispute has created the much wanted divide between Jammu and Kashmir valley!
I feel deep in my heart the prolific impact as we in Uttarakhand have been alienated from entire Himalayans region in the plains!We fought together for our identity. We mobilised mass movement to protect nature and natural resources together. We resisted displacement and fought against forest and land mafias. Now, we have no link to join us together once again! It is so fatal!

What Pakistan and the Super power, Zionist United Sates of America well supported by Indian Politics, CIA and MOSSED could not do all these years, the task to break the Unity and integrity of Jammu and Kashmir is accomplished to finalise the great strategic re alliance under US lead! All these years Jammu and Kashmir remained Integral part of India despite all the Conflicts! Demolition of Babri Mosque, khalistani Movement , Gujarat genocide and nationwide anti Muslim riots could not break Kashmiri Unity! Jammu and Kashmir remained intact with so many cases of human Rights violations, discrimination with the Indian citizens belonging to Kashmir while they visit other parts of the nation as outsiders, continuous Repression underthe umbrella of AFPSA!
Same thing happened in west Bengal! it is manipulated by the Power Hegemony as well as the Resistance hegemony ably supported by the FDI fed Media led by Anad Bazar group of publications and media!

The Brahmins of Bengal did everything to divide Bengal. It is History. You may cross check the documents. The Indigenous communities of Bengal, Punjab, Assam, Kashmir and Sind were ejected out of their Homeland and scattered mercilessly nationwide to make a favourable demography to sustain Brahminical Rule thereafter depriving the Refugees of political participation, representation, empowerment, citizenship, reservation, mother language, enlightenment and reservation!

Now they divide Bengal once again!

indigenous communities in Bengal, SC, ST, OBC and minorities have no space either in Power Hegemony or Resiastance Hegemony!

Now rejecting the realities in Singur and Nandigram realities, Brahminical Hegemony in Bengal has divided Bengal vertically making issues of indiscriminate industrialisation, urbanisation, development, infrastructure, retail chain, SEZ, chemical hubs, Nuclear plant the instruments to alienate rural Bengal from Suburban Bengal.

Pardon me. The demography of Urban India including the Metros are nothing but semi urban clusters of newly emerged resurgent middle class making Money in the new imperialist corporate Global Order. Kolkata is not Metro in character. It is altogether a cluster of suburbs inflicted by Sub Humanity! There happens to be the affluent micro minority Brahminical Class dominating every sphere of life, using Bangla nationality and language as prostitution, living the life of Luxury full of Drink, Recipes, Brands, Icons,Ramps, Reality shows and Sex and hating most any gesture of Change, Resistance and empowerment of the underclasses! But the majority of the population consists of those whose monthly income happens hardly beyond only Five Hundred Rupees! More than Twenty Million people uprooted from villages, most of which are refugees from east Bengal, live in dispensable slums! The Biggest Brothel named SONAGACHHI exists in the heart of the city. Rickshaws are pulled by Man only in Kolkata!

How may we say that it is a Metro after all!

The Brahminical power hegemony represent the psyche of the Suburban Metro inflicted by sub Humanity. It is never concerned! It is , of course, the City of Joy! It never cared for the Peasants and supported the British colonisers from the Beginning. it supported Jawahar Lal Nehru and Mahatma Gandhi and discarded Desh Bandhu Chittya Ranjan Das, Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose, Fazlul Haq and Jogendra Nath Mandal! Kolkata supported East India company during Sanyasi Insurrection, Indigo Revolt and first struggle of Independence in 1857. It had no sympathy with Santhal and Munda Insurrections! The city is never represented by Mangal Pandey. it is represented by Shyama Prasad mukherjee, the main architect of partition!

kolakta has no sympathy with Singur or Nandigram. ironically the Intelligentsia rallies behind Ms Mamata Bannerjee! The civil Society follows suit. But Kolkata media exposes the Psyche of Intense hatred against Indigenous communities, Refugees, Minorities and Peasantry. The Other day Kolakta was supporting the Opposition just because the Ruling Left adopted a top priority agenda of Land reforms and Rural Development neglecting the clusters of suburbs called kolkata! Now kolakta happens to be the safe most base of the Ruling Marxists as Brand Buddha runs blind on the super highway of Marxist capitalism! The Ruling Left has disassociated with the legacy of Land Reforms, Rural development, Tebhaga, kallol, Nabaannya , Naxalbari and Food Movement. The Marxists are identified with Marichjhanpi Genocide, Kesh Pur, Nanur, Singur and Nandigram. And Kolkata loves it!

Read any Kolkata Newspaper! Hindi! Bengali! Or English! Browse any TV Channel! you have to feel the hatred. It is not that the Bengali intellect is so dull to misunderstand the Global Order, Market Economy and the hype of Industrialisation! It is not that all the doors of Job Opportunities have been opened and the problem of urban unemployment is solved miracally!It is not that the slave politicians or the super slave economists led by Dr Amartya Sen, Abhirup sarkar and Dipankar Dasgupta are successful to misguide the citizens of Kolkata!The Kolkata still belongs to Rabindra Nath Tagore, Manik, Jibanand, Shambhu Mitra, Ritwik Ghatak, Satyajit Ray, Mrinal sen, Jyoti Basu and Mahashweta Debi. But it is an inherent psyche of Hatred, Discrimination, Untouchability, Inequality and Injustice overlaps the Masks of Progress, Ideology, Philosophy, Literature, Art, Drama, Music, Democracy, Secularism and Revolution!

Kolkata or any cluster of Suburbs called Metro in India, inflicted by Sub Humanity never belong to indigenous communities despite quota and reservation!

Thus, Mamata Bannerjee gets the same space as Mayawati, Lalu Prasad Yadav, Ram Bilas paswan or Jagjivan ram, Dr Ambedkar, kanshiram or Jagjivan Ram would get in Kolkata! She is painted as much as an Item Girl working against the Interests of Bengal! Disclaimer: I won`t support the presence of Somen Mitra or Amar singh`s presence with Mamata. I also consider the role of NGO Politics. I also keep in mind the role of anti Left international media! But the Truth remains the same. It is Suburb sub Humanity exposed every moment!

A prolific Gandhian Icon of Indian Journalism, I would not like to name the most dangerous elite hypocrite Elite Brahmin, wrote a superstitious emotional piece on Kashmir conflict on an edit Page of a liberal National Daily. Socialist Oxide Chandra Shekhar , the ex Prime Minister has been quoted. His infamous most quote ,` If Kashmir has to go to Pakistan why Muslims should remain in India!’

The Veteran Journalist infamous to recruit only RSS cadres or Brahmins as policy maker editorial staff, has theorised the responsibility of Mehbooba Sayeed and her party People`s Democratic Party and its Power politics. The man is a Pure Brahmin and he proves it chosing the issues of his choice full of opportunism. He poses as Pure Gandhian, Pure Ethical, pure Secular and so on. But being such an Icon of revolutionary journalism in vernacular media why he misses the game of subversion. We know well the internal Conflict in Pakistan. We are aware of US presence there for which Pakistan could not do any mischief in Kashmir. Jammu and Kashmir was changing positively. The tourists returned. Kashmir valley was full of life. Where from came the Amarnath shrine Dispute as a Bolt from the Blue! What was the urgency to allot the land to Amarnath shrine Board for creating such a mess? If the land was given why it was withdrawn?

Please rewind your memory a little bit or just read the minutes of Parliamentary Nuke Opera during Trust Vote . Go through the text of Adwani`s speech and see, how the RSS projected Prime Minister face subverted the Nuclear Debate to the disturbance in kashmir. Mayawati was projected as third alternative but Cast Hindu UPA and NDA aligned to pass the Trust Vote!

The Nuke Deal is still in Pipe Line and the super slaves of Washington in Indian politics may never dare to defy Washington dictation! The Kashmir Conflict remains a classic subversion to stop anti US movement in India. In his opening trust Vote speech, Adwani did not utter a single word against United States of America nor he spoke against the deal. he clarified at the very beginning that NDA was not pulling down Manmohan Singh Government. He supported strategic re alliance in US lead. What he did , he just demanded renegotiation on the Nuke deal and focused on Amarnath shrine Land Dispute and Jammu was flared up. In reaction, the provoked separatists used the moment to press the demand for Independence. The masses under dual pressure from the Army repression and Extremist explosion had no option but to support the separatists.

Meanwhile, the issues of Nuke deal, Strategic re alliance, LPG, Open Market, Price rise, Inflation, SEZ, Nuclear Energy, Displacement and Unemployment, indigenous production system, food security and starvation, crisis in agriculture and GM seeds, retail chain and FDI and other major issues diluted so well!

Have I to believe that the strategic Indian High Caste Intelligentsia could not smell anything foul! Or I have to add that all these gentlemen and Ladies do ally with Pro US NDA and sustain the Kashmir Crisis to sustain US interests in India!

The revered Most Icon knows Indian society and Indian culture better than any one of us. He is an expert in Hindutva! he traces exactly the Shaiva tradition of Kashmir. He mentions SUFI philosophy!He describes well the origin of Linga story so well!

How did he forget to analyse the role of Hindutva in Kashmir?

Rather, He indirectly attacked Sikh nationalism, Bangla nationalism, Tamil Nationalism and all the Nationalities of North East!He cleverly quoted Khalistan Movement and Mr MAAn!

RSS Ideology does the same thing as we see in any write up of Tarun Vijay. But Tarun Vijay is not a secular hypocrite. What he believes , he writes on whether we may agree or not!

RSS and NDA and Indian Intelligentsia quote the National interests so superstitiously that you may not smell their inherent strategy of Hegemony and enslavement, their agenda of Manusmriti as well as apartheid!

In Bengal, the Ruling Hegemony as well as Resistance Hegemony, Media as well as civil society quote the
ir respective perceptions about the Interests and Future of Bengal.Tatas, Salem, Ambanies and Zindals have turned out the saviours!

No one considers us , the indigenous communities, the refugees, SC, ST, OBC and minorities.

The circumstances in Kashmir as well as in Bengal are reminiscent of pre Partition days.While the Brahmins led by Gandhi, Nehru and Shyama Prasasd Mukherjee bargained Power transfer with the decaying British Empire to ensure Brahmin Raj thanks to the failure of Dr Ambedkar and Jogendra Nath Mandal to mobilise indigenous groups other than the Scheduled Castes. They did not addrees ST, OBC and nationalities in North West and North East. Mandal went with Muslim League and Dr Ambedkar chose to support Nehru. We may not flip the destiny! But the Brahmins used the divided social fabrics so well and isolated very well indigenous groups of ST, OBC and Nationalities from the SC! Minorities were divided by congress and Muslim League! In Modern Brahminical India, too, power equations sustain the divide among six thousand castes, the SC, OBC, ST, nationalities and minorities to sustain the Ruling Hegemony of Brahmins and the Resistance hegemony is also depicts the Monopoly of Brahmins!

Once again, we the Indigenous People have no hand to determine our destiny inflicted with inherent inequality and injustice!

RSS cadres calling names against me. I am getting hate mails.

What am I? Just nothing! They have not spared an Icon like Arundhuti Ray or Shabana Azmi!

NAFRE People`s movement also support the Self Determination Right for the Kashmir People!

Democratic journalist League is also concerned with Human right Violations and the plight of the people in Kashmir.

The Human rights activists nationwide are quite vocal.

The Maoists hold RSS and pro US forces responsible for the Kashmir conflict.

The Marxists feel that the People of Kashmir are discriminated. They are deprived of civil as well human rights. They are not treated as equal as any Indian citizen while they step out of the Kashmir Valley. The spirit of Liberty is quite irrelevant!

Nationalities in North East and elsewhere in the Mainland have sympathies with the Kashmir People.
RSS may brand all of them as Anti National. Because they sustain the unchallenged monopoly on Patriotism!
Hindutva forces, the Gandhian Carbides and socialist Oxides always quote from Holy scripts of different religions, specially the Hindutva scripts as Vedas, Upanishad, Manusmriti, Puran and even Charbak! They plead for undisturbed stream Of the Ganges! They show unprecedented sympathy for the Himalayas. they pose to defend nature and Natural Resources. They fight for Indigenous Culture, tradition and languages. The slogan remains: HINDI, HINDU, HINDUSTAN!

They do use this knowledge and intellect with full venom as the weapons of Mass destruction more fatal than any Gas leak, Atom bomb or Nuclear Missile!

They used our Totems to create the deities to protect their caste system as well as hegemony. They deprived us of Enlightenment, empowerment and awakening for thousands and thousands years. they used our myths, semi gods, incarnations, rituals, legends, totems to inject enslavement infinite like a Black Hole!

In Nagini kanyar Kahini, the heroines Shabala and Pingla never cease to believe that the happen to be the Snake Girls! superstitions and Myths are created to sustain religion as an Umbrella to enslave the indigenous communities! We all convert and convert as soon as the ruling Class changes . thus . we survive.

We may not know the Religion!

We may not know the Hindutva.

They write our destiny and we have to bear the predetermined destiny lifelong! We may not be liberated unless we unite and break the sickles of artificial partitions and divides, social and political.

I don`t believe in conversion.

Like our Darling friend Taslima Nasrin I also believe that the religion itself is the root of annihilation. It is human right Violation personified. No equality, no justice, no democracy, no liberation is possible as the Religion rules us!
The evolution of Human Civilisation is limited to Post Modern Manusmriti Apartheid agenda!

We are ruled by Suburb Sub Humanity worldwide!

Thus, without addressing the Age Old Social fabrics we may not solve either Kashmir or Bengal Crisis!

Home Page - Economy
Industry & Economy - Economy
India’s growth story: ‘Precocious’ and ‘unusual’
India has grown with its skilled workforce and not the labour force.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Mr Arvind Subramanian
Our Bureau

Chennai, Aug. 23 The Indian economy’s turnaround should be attributed to a period at least a decade prior to 1990, argues Mr Arvind Subramanian, Senior Fellow, Peterson Institute for International Economics, Washington DC, and the author of India’s Turn: Understanding the Economic Transformation.
Sharing his views on the economic development and some excerpts from the book with journalists from The Hindu Group of Publications, Mr Subramanian said the common perception that the Indian economy’s turnaround could be attributed to the reforms post 1991 and is all about liberalisation is “discontinuous” with the earlier trends.
The numbers show that the process of turnaround has been continuous and can be linked to a decade prior to major reforms post 1991. The economy had demonstrated a sharper growth curve from 1979-1980 when the Government became “pro-business” as distinct from the reform period when it was “pro-competition”, he said.
Another feature of the Indian growth phenomenon — something he describes as “precocious” and “unusual” — is its pattern of development; “unusual” in that it has grown ignoring its comparative advantage, the huge labour pool.
India has grown with its skilled workforce and not the labour force. In other countries the skill came into play when they were much richer, he said.
Another such instance is its FDI exports, which is among the highest in terms of ratio of FDI exports to GDP. This is an indicator of its export of the managerial skills and capital, and it exports these to richer countries defying gravity.
This is surprising considering that even China, which is a manufacturing giant, is not as big an exporter of managerial skills as India, he said.
This may be considered “premature” for India but arguments present themselves on the positive and negative aspects — it could be argued that this is an indication of its competitiveness and is a response to the constraints here.
But, on the other hand, the downside is that it is not using its unskilled labour enough. The shortage of skilled labour would be one constraint, he said.
Sharing another broad theme from the book, Mr Subramanian said the country is witnessing a “third trajectory of growth” — from 3 per cent it went to 6 per cent and in the last four years around 9 per cent.
The question is whether this can continue. Yes, around this range, he said.
There could possibly be a dip for the next one year because the US economy will continue to be weak for sometime and also because the domestic monetary policy squeezing liquidity is aimed at toning down growth. But, fundamentally, the growth may be expected to sustain at 8-plus per cent for some more time.
One area of concern is the State’s capacity in delivering services to the public is weakening. India’s private sector has better capability when compared with China — China is strong in creating State institutions that deliver better. In the long term, China’s combination of private and State capability is better because it is easier to create a market than to create a public institution and State capacity, he said.
In the context of the weak State capacity, there could be a “shock down the road” which will also impact the private sector, Mr Subramanian said.
India’s Turn: Understanding the Economic Transformation is a collection of articles and policy pieces by Mr Subramanian that is being brought out by Oxford University Press.
http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/2008/08/24/stories/2008082451090300.htm

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PR-Inside.com (Pressemitteilung) Shutdown leaves normal life paralysed in Kashmir
Hindustan Times, India - 23 Aug 2008
Normal life across the Kashmir Valley remained paralyzed for the second day on Saturday in response to a three-day shutdown called by the separatists as ...
Strike called by separatists begin, Kashmir comes to standstill Expressindia.com
Complete shutdown in Kashmir valley - Associated Press of Pakistan
Srinagar: Shops, offices & schools remain shut Times of India
Hindu - Press Trust of India
all 53 news articles »

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The Official Website of Jammu and Kashmir Government, India
The Official Website of Jammu and Kashmir Government, India. The site gives details of the history, the culture and lifestyle of people of Jammu and Kashmir ...
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KashmirNet- Provider For information about Kashmir and kashmiri ...
Includes some alumni sites, music downloads, and a contacts directory for Kashmiris..
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Welcome to Kashmir Times
NEW DELHI, Aug 19: Worried that the situation in Jammu and Kashmir Valley was 'getting out of hand', Prime Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh here on Tuesday ...
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Kashmir - Travel to Kashmir | Tours to Kashmir India | Holidays in ...
Kashmir travel tours - kashmir hub provide online booking for travel to kashmir india, kashmir wildlife tours, india kashmir valley tours, holidays tour ...
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Greater Kashmir Daily English Newspaper from Kashmir Srinagar ...
Most comprehensive coverage and up-to-the-minute news, breaking news, feature stories, videos, information on Kashmir , information on PaK ,information on ...
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The Jammu and Kashmir Issue
Recent events have once again generated some curiosity and interest in the issue of Jammu & Kashmir. Basic facts pertaining to this issue are well ...
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Kashmir gunfight kills 8 - The CNN Wire - 22 Aug 2008
Do You Think Kashmir Is An Integral Part Of India? - India Uncut - Combined Feed - 19 Aug 2008
Hundreds of Thousands March for Kashmir's Independence - Epoch Times | All headlines - 22 Aug 2008

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INDO-US STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIP ?
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RELATIONS. An account of the Indo-US strategic. relationship. will. be incomplete. without a reference to the remarkable. growth of military. cooperation ...
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IPCS - US Related
Introducing the speakers, the chairperson said that the seminar should examine the past and explore the future possibilities of Indo-US strategic relations. ...
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The Evolving India-U.S. Strategic Relationship: A Compendium of ...
Indo-U.S. Relations: Perception and Reality G. Balachandran. Strategic Analysis. Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses, New Delhi, April-June 2005 ...
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The limits of Indo-US strategic partnership
2 Jan 2007 ... Earlier, in Washington in July 2005, he had said that India had a long-term and strategic vision of relations with the US and that the path ...
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Indo-US military ties are inevitable
18 Sep 2007 ... Both India and the US have their respective strategic interests. ... and rapid developments in the Indo-US military-to-military relations. ...
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Indo-US Strategic Relations Moving from Estrangement to Engagement ...
'The Buddha has smiled'. With these words the chief scientist of India's Nuclear Test Programme signaled to Mr AB Vajpayee, the Indian Prime Minister in ...
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by AR Karve - 2003 - Cited by 1 - Related articles - All 3 versions
Indo-US Relations Headed for a Grand Transformation?
14 Jul 2005 ... Indo-US Relations Headed for a Grand Transformation? ... Singh plan to build strategic relations without antagonizing China or Pakistan ...
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domain-b.com : PM lauds Indo-US partnership as ''strategic''; IAEA ...
PM lauds Indo-US partnership as ''strategic''; IAEA board meet likely 28 July. ... said that the two leaders reviewed the state of Indo-American relations. ...
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BHARAT RAKSHAK MONITOR Volume 2(4)
INDO-U.S. STRATEGIC DIALOGUE FROM SOUND BYTES TO SOUND DECISIONS ..... and Anupam Srivastava, eds., Engaging India: US Strategic Relations with the World’s ...
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G Balachandran.pmd
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needs to be done before the much discussed strategic partnership can. become a reality. Introduction. The conventional wisdom on Indo-US relations states ...
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National Seminar on India's Energy Crisis and Indo-US Nuclear Deal ...
PunjabNewsline.com, India - 7 hours ago
Elaborating upon Indo-US Nuclear Deal affecting India's relationship with Iran, she firmly said that Iran was never with India on Nuclear issues telling us ...
Natwar: Hung House likely in Rajasthan Howrah News Service
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India should end nuclear deal with US: Swamy
Economic Times, India - 2 hours ago
Criticising the Indo-US nuclear deal as "nuclear concubinage," he said the US would like India to be another Australia or a Japan and not an independent ...
Pak will not obstruct Indo-US nuke deal: Qureshi
Press Trust of India, India - 22 Aug 2008
"Pakistan is of the view that we do not want to be obstructionist or negative (with regard to the Indo-US nuclear deal)," Foreign Minister Shah Mahmood ...
We will not accept prescriptive conditionalities from NSG: Pranab
Press Trust of India, India - 23 Aug 2008
... Aug 23 (PTI) India will not accept any "prescriptive conditionalities" to get an exemption from the NSG to operationalise the Indo-US nuclear deal, ...

Aljazeera.net NSG Meeting To Decide On Indo-US Nuclear Deal
RTT News, NY - 22 Aug 2008
Canada, which forged a new relationship with India some three years ago, did a significant switch in its nuclear policies by supporting the nuclear deal ...
India Refuses To Accept Pre-Conditions Set To Implement Indo-US ... AHN
Indo-US nuke deal set to face NSG hurdle NDTV.com
Vienna blow to nuclear deal Calcutta Telegraph
Newstrack India - MyNews.in
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Sahara Samay BJP fears US may ask India to make concessions on nuke deal
Economic Times, India - 22 Aug 2008
... said the US observations that questions raised by NSG countries were “good” indicated that a new benchmark would be set for the Indo-US nuclear deal. ...
Dangers Of Misplaced Opposition: Indo-US Nuclear Deal And The ... CounterCurrents.org
USIBC to push efforts for implementation of nuke deal Hindu
India deserves support in nuclear development Ottawa Citizen
Nuclear Engineering - Siliconindia.com
all 22 news articles »
Centre pursuing nuclear deal under US pressure: Natwar
Hindu, India - 21 Aug 2008
BHARATPUR: The former External Affairs Minister, K. Natwar Singh, on Thursday derided the Indo-US nuclear deal, accusing the Manmohan Singh government of ...
Natwar-son duo on campaigning spree for BSP Times of India
all 2 news articles »
INDO-US NUCLEAR DEAL: MAJOR MILESTONES
MSN India, India - 21 Aug 2008
December 8-9, 2006: Both houses of Congress pass final version of US-India nuclear deal. July 2007: The two countries announce finalization of the deal ...

ABC News N-deal hope in Obama mate
Calcutta Telegraph, India - 19 hours ago
23: With the choice of Senator Joseph Biden as the vice-presidential running mate by Barack Obama, the Indo-US nuclear deal has been assured a lease of life ...
OBAMA-2NDLD VP Press Trust of India
'Biden was the best fit, Hillary not ignored' Times of India
Pro-India Biden named Obama's running mate NDTV.com
Times Now.tv
all 7,036 news articles »
Markets likely to remain bullish on global cues: Experts
Hindu, India - 11 hours ago
The markets would be closely watching developments related to the Indo-US nuclear deal at the Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG), they said and pointed out no ...

BBC News Land and freedom
guardian.co.uk, UK - 21 Aug 2008
In 1990, when the overtly Islamist militant uprising in the valley coincided with the spread of virulent Hindu nationalism (Hindutva) in the Indian plains, ...
Mass upsurge in Kashmir The Post
India The Genocide Nation Pakistan Daily
No Light at the end of the Tunnel GreaterKashmir.com (press release)
Panthic Weekly - GulfNews
all 1,224 news articles »

Sify Advani seeks to revive Hindutva
Hindustan Times, India - 9 Aug 2008
The BJP’s prime ministerial candidate LK Advani used Saturday’s Yuva Kranti Rally in New Delhi to revert to core Hindutva ideological issues. ...
UNQUIET WATERS Calcutta Telegraph
With eye on polls, BJP looks for divine assistance IBNLive.com
Hindus are not safe in India, says Advani Howrah News Service
Howrah News Service
all 417 news articles »
BJP setting a bad example, says Gowda
Hindu, India - 20 Aug 2008
Mr. Gowda said, “I would not like to comment on the Hindutva agenda that the BJP intends to use in the coming Lok Sabha election. ...
Hindutva is a secular concept
Organiser, India - 5 Aug 2008
Hindutva is manifested in religious tolerance, harmony with nature and the animal world, forgiveness, acceptance of disagreement, non-aggression, ...
A conversation Great Indian Mutiny
all 2 news articles »

Thaindian.com Kashmir and national turmoil
Central Chronicle, India - 19 Aug 2008
Or the 'majority' obsessed Opposition which had once again upped the Hindutva ante? All stood guilty. The causes and reasons might differ. ...
Threat to State's plural, multi-religious character News Agency of Kashmir
BJP makes hay while state burns Daily News & Analysis
all 107 news articles »
Bharat Mata Mandir, Haridwar A lighthouse of pro-active Hindutva
Organiser, India - 12 Aug 2008
By H. Joshi The epitome of Swamiji’s Samanvaya theory and the doctrine of Harmonious Coexistence can be witnessed in the form of the world renowned Bharat ...
BJP harps on Hindutva, terrorism at Lucknow rally
Fresh News, India - 4 Aug 2008
By Indo-Asian News Service on Monday, August 4, 2008 The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) Saturday fell back on Hindutva and terrorism, with its president ...
Modern day Chakravyuh Merinews
all 2 news articles »
Mushawarat Urges Govt. to Form...
Radiance Viewsweekly, India - 18 Aug 2008
The Markazi Majlis also demanded a thorough probe into the activities of Hindutva outfits which have been caught in a number of terrorist acts in recent ...
'Islam is not a slave'
Times of India, India - 20 hours ago
"Like the Hindutva hardliners hinduised the Shrine Board for Amarnath yatris, Geelani has used a political slogan to provide the separatist movement with a ...
Amarnath, Sethu to figure in BJP poll plans
Times of India, India - 15 Aug 2008
While the Amarnath land transfer controversy has given BJP a new Hindutva pitch, the party has also decided to use the Ram Setu issue in a big way to keep ...
BJP identifies key issues for election campaign GulfNews
all 2 news articles »

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Hindutva - The Hindu Way of Life
Analysis of current global politics and history from a Hindutva viewpoint.
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Hindutva Series : Hindu History - National Revival and the ...
The term "Hindutva" is derived from the two terms 'Hindu Tattva", which literally mean "Hindu Principles". Now the question is, what are Hindu Principles ...
www.hindutva.org/landmaratha.html - 73k - Cached - Similar pages - Note this
Hindutva - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Hindutva ("Hinduness", a word coined by Vinayak Damodar Savarkar in his 1923 pamphlet entitled Hindutva: Who is a Hindu? ) is the term used to describe ...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindutva - 83k - Cached - Similar pages - Note this
BJP Philosophy : Hindutva, Cultural Nationalism
Hindutva or Cultural Nationalism presents the BJP's conception of Indian nationhood, as explained in the following set of articles. ...
www.bjp.org/history/hindu.htm - 7k - Cached - Similar pages - Note this
proXsa: Politics: Hindutva
Hindutva is a nationalist ideology, based on a modern day version of centralized intolerant Hinduism. It has nothing to do with a historical tradition of ...
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Arun Shourie on Hindutva
The place to find all the works of Arun Shourie on the web.
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Hindutva and history
For those concerned with a Hindutva ideology, the invasio n had to be denied. The definition of a Hindu as given by Savarkar was that India had to be his ...
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Manas: Culture, Everyday life in India
Hinduism and Hindutva now stand face to face, not yet ready to confront each other, ... Speaking pessimistically, Hindutva will be the end of Hinduism. ...
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Hindu Unity - Soldiers of Hindutva! Awake Hindus!!
2 Feb 2001 ... Welcome to the Official Site of the Bajrang Dal - VHP Youth Wing.
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Hindutva
Largest Indian and Hindu Temples site on the n et. Consists of Legends and Temples of the India..
www.hindubooks.org/hindutva/ - 24k - Cached - Similar pages - Note this Scholarly articles for manusmriti caste system

Assets versus Autonomy? The Changing Face of the ... - Deshpande - Cited by 14
Caste and Politics: Identity Over System - Gupta - Cited by 4
Caste in Indian Politics - Kothari - Cited by 71

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History of the Indian caste system - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Manusmriti, dated between 200 B.C.E. and 100 A.D., contains some laws that codified the caste system. Varna is mentioned as caste equivalent in Manusmriti. ...
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Manu Smriti - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
[2] Some of these codes of conduct pertain to the caste system and discuss .... Surendra Kumar, Vishuddha Manusmriti, (Arsh Sahitya Prachar Trust, Delhi, ...
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Manusmriti the laws of Manu - Introduction
They have argued that the caste system as prescribed by the Manusmriti developed a society that was very easy to subjugate and rule[citation needed]. ...
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THE CONCEPT OF EQUALITY AND THE CASTE SYSTEM
Manusmriti does not contain the rules governing such inequalities. Therefore hanging Manu for our recent crimes is not going to end the caste system, ...
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India Discussion Forum - Indian History, Culture, Politics, News ...
25 Jul 2006 ... Main cause of rejecting Manu Smriti by the VHP appears mainly due to .... that Manu did not create the present day birth based caste system. ...
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Manusmriti, Manu and the medical paradox by Dr. Subhash C. Sharma
Note, even according to the Manusmriti (verses 12/95 and 12/96, ... Reference, "Hindu Caste System & Hinduism: Vedic vocations (Hindu castes) were not ...
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Manu, smriti and the medical paradox : Manu, smriti and the ...
2 Mar 2008 ... It is a great misunderstanding that the Manu-smriti (or Manu's .... Reference, "Hindu Caste System & Hinduism: Vedic vocations (Hindu ...
seva.sulekha.com/blog/post/2008/03/manu-smriti-and-the-medical-paradox.htm - 57k - Cached - Similar pages - Note this
THE GREAT QUOTA DEBATE: MANUSMRITI - EPIC OF CASTE SYSTEM AND CASTEISM
MANUSMRITI - EPIC OF CASTE SYSTEM AND CASTEISM. [MANUSMRITI, ACCORDING TO UPPER CASTE HINDUS LIKE BRAHMINS IS ONE OF HINDU'S HOLY BOOKS. ...
reservationfacts.blogspot.com/2008/06/manusmriti-epic-of-caste-system-and.html - 71k - Cached - Similar pages - Note this
Ashok Singhal and relevance of Manu Smriti « Sangh Parivar Insider ...
The “Manu Smriti” or the “Yagyavalkya Smriti” has no connection with Adi Manu or the Sage .... Caste system has played havoc with Indian society. ...
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NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Manusmriti
Manusmriti is attributed for having rendered the caste system secure by the elaboration of a system of conventional precepts. ...
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Portrait of a Holy City Struck by Capitalism and Tata`s Pull Back
Option

Troubled Galaxy Destroyed Dreams: Chapter 51

Palash Biswas
http://troubledgalaxydetroyeddreams.blogspot.com/

Calcutta Telegraph Mamata adamant on sit-in at Singur
Hindu, India - 14 Aug 2008
“None has the right to stop a democratic movement,” she said, referring to moves by the State government to disallow any attempt to disrupt peace at Singur. ...
Singur: Govt to take stern steps The Statesman
In Singur, security plan in place for Aug 24 TMC strike Kolkata Newsline
Displaced Singur farmers to get shops Livemint
Calcutta Telegraph
all 5 news articles »

Economic boost: Tata Motors transforms Singur
Times of India, India - 11 Aug 2008
Like it or curse it, the Tata Nano factory in Singur is happening. No matter what Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee and Mamata Banerjee say or do from here on, ...
Himalayan Singur, minus Mamata Calcutta Telegraph
CPM signals Tata-Mamata talks Calcutta Telegraph
all 7 news articles »
Congress asks Left to initiate Singur talks
The Statesman, India - 9 Aug 2008
Alleging that the state government's “dictatorial” attitude and hasty administrative steps at Singur has complicated the situation, Madhya Pradesh Congress ...
CPM plans tit for tat in Singur Calcutta Telegraph
Marxists caught in their own trap The Statesman
Govt waits for Mamata request Calcutta Telegraph
all 8 news articles »

Singur under seige, thanks to the Left Front

Bs Reporter / Singur August 22, 2008, 19:00 IST

Singur is under siege today thanks to a meeting organised by the Left Front
Close to 1,000 buses have brought in lakhs of people to Singur, the factory site of Tata Motors. All movement on the National Highway, to and fro from the factory, has been stopped. While some work appears to be underway, only a handful of people are working at the site and the area is paralysed by people walking or squatting around the site.

Many of the buses carrying CPI (M) supporters appeared to be parked inside the site.

Thanks to the show of strength the factory site seems deserted. Very few men and machine appear to be working inside. The action is entirely outside the factory.

In other words, it's a another day of work loss for the Singur factory.

http://www.business-standard.com/india/storypage.php?tp=on&autono=45152

AFP India's Tata says may shift Nano car plant due to protests
AFP - 4 hours ago
If the protests do not end at the Singur plant, "we will very reluctantly need to move," Tata told reporters following the Tata Motors annual meeting. ...
End of Nano dreams? Tata threatens to pull out project
NDTV.com, India - 7 hours ago
Ratan Tata has threatened to pull out 'Nano' car project from West Bengal if violence continues in Singur. West Bengal's Industry Minister Nirupam Sen, ...

FICCI comes out in support of Singur project
Merinews, India - 2 hours ago
FICCI said that Tata’s small car unit in Singur has been a dream project for the state and any number of alternative sites were offered on a platter ...
No industrialisation at cost of farmers: Mamata
Hindu, India - 8 minutes ago
Singur problem would never be solved until and unless 400 acres of land forcibly taken away from unwilling farmers for the small car project was returned ...

Basu welcomes Mamata's willingness to talk on Singur
Press Trust of India, India - 8 Aug 2008
In an apparent softening of her belligerent stand on the Tata Motors' plant at Singur, Mamata Banerjee had said yesterday that she was open for talks with ...
Mamata's Singur agitation 'fascist' in nature: Subhas Hindu
Industry backs Buddha on Singur, takes a dig at bandh culture Expressindia.com
Let Singur be a state showpiece Economic Times
NDTV.com - Hindustan Times
all 236 news articles »
Nationwide strike against price rise cripples Left-ruled states
Times of India, India - 20 Aug 2008
The strike hindered work in the Left Front government's industrial spotlight of Singur as well. Only those workers who’ve been given shelter at the small ...
Small car’s big troubles continue
Daily News & Analysis, India - 17 hours ago
“Should the uncertainty continue, the company will take a call and decide if it makes sense to continue in Singur. Till then, Tata Motors is determined to ...

AFP Farmers talk tough on Singur
The Statesman, India - 8 Aug 2008
8: Although Trinamul Congress chief Miss Mamata Banerjee agreed to talk to the authorities of Tata Motors over the “Singur land grab” controversy, ...
Communists assure security to Tata's small car plant at Singur Economic Times
Renewed protests threaten to delay Nano India launch Reuters
Bumpy road for world's cheapest car AFP
Hindu - MarketWatch
all 54 news articles »

VIENNA: A proposed provision in the Nuclear Suppliers' Group draft seeking to halt all nuclear commerce between the Group and India if it conducted further tests seemed to have become the sticking point as the 45-member NSG went into the second round of its meeting here Friday. ( Watch )

Most members are in favour of lifting the current ban that prevents nuclear commerce between the NSG and a non-signatory of the nuclear Non Proliferation Treaty (NPT), like India. But some NSG members insist that it should not be lifted unless New Delhi formally says no to further nuclear tests.

India has made it clear it will not accept any "new" provisions in the draft that the United States had prepared for the NSG before its two-day meeting began here Thursday.
http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/India_says_no_to_new_provisions_in_NSG_draft/articleshow/3394115.cms

When Mr Obama surged ahead, the news media went into overdrive and, according to the Campaign Coverage Index from the Pew Research Centre, there has been more coverage of him than Mr McCain in the US news media every month this year, BBC reports. According to BBC,` They were watching President George W Bush's approval ratings scrape historic lows, the economy heading for the doldrums and continuing slaughter in Iraq - despite the surge of American troops.

The Republican Party seemed underwhelmed by its choice of presidential candidates and it was not hard to find party activists hunched over a beer and staring blankly into the middle distance, conceding that the Democrats seemed to have the White House wrapped up.’

RSS playing havoc to partition India once again. The movement for land for Amarnath Shrine is doing well as it has provoked the Autonomy demand forgotten.Reviving their strike call, separatist leaders on Friday asked people to observe a complete shutdown in the Kashmir valley for three days in the wake of the Amarnath land row, media reports.

Kolkata did nothing to stop partition in 1947. Rather the Bengali Brahmins did everything to ensure that the power should be transferred to them only ejecting out our indigenous people out of their Home lands in Punjab, Sind and Bengal.

Kolkata civil society has not decided any stance on this burning issue!

In Kolkata, the Sacred Cow of Bengalies worldwide,Tata Group Chairman Ratan Tata Friday threatened to pull out of Singur saying that it was not possible to work in an atmosphere of tension and distrust.Even as the agitation in Singur is set to intensify, Tata Motors has assured the West Bengal Government that they will not pull out of the project until forced to. Tata Motors Chairman Ratan Tata met Bengal Industries Minister, Nirupam Sen, late Thursday night and expressed his anxiety over the proposed agitation on August 24. The meeting was held to discuss the deteriorating law and order situation at the Nano car plant at Singur. Tata aims to roll out the world's cheapest car in October this year.

After the threat from Tata group chairman Ratan Tata to shift the Tata Nano factory out of West Bengal, Chief Minister Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee has said that the government is looking for a solution to the issue.

He said that the government has to find the solution through dialogue on Singur, adding that people of the state want the project.

"There will be future talks. I have appealed to the opposition to have peaceful demonstrations," said Buddhadeb.

He said that Trinamul Congress chief Mamata Banerjee wanted some papers that have been sent to her office.

In a surprise move, Chief Minister Buddhadeb Bhattacharya himself kicked off the crucial talks on the Singur deadlock with the Trinamool Congress in Kolkata on Wednesday.

The key issue of the talks is Mamata Banerjee's demand for the return of 400 acres from the Tata factory site to angry farmers.

If the land is not returned, Mamata Banerjee has threatened to indefinitely gherao the Tata Motors factory site from the August 24.

Tata group chief Ratan Tata has threatened to exit West Bengal if there was no let-up in violence at Singur, where the company is building a factory to make the world's cheapest car 'Nano'.

Tata said if the group was unwanted in the state "we would have to make a move despite whatever investments had been already made in the project".

The project is facing political protests, marred by violence. The Opposition, mainly the Trinamool Congress, has been demanding return of 400 acres of land, which the Tatas say, is required for ancillarisation of the project.

Meanwhile,Tata Motors (TML) has reviewed the long-term financing plans it announced in May for the Jaguar-Land Rover (JLR) acquisition. Given the market weakness, it plans to raise Rs 3,000 crore through a phased divestment of certain investments over 6-8 months instead of the earlier plan to issue convertible preference shares.

TML had earlier announced that it would raise Rs 7,200 crore through three different rights issues. Now, it would raise Rs 4,200 crore through two different rights issues.

Shares in India's Tata Motors (TAMO.BO: Quote, Profile, Research, Stock Buzz) (TTM.N: Quote, Profile, Research, Stock Buzz) ended down on Thursday after having risen nearly 5 percent on its decision to scrap a planned 30 billion rupee ($686 million) convertible preference share issue.

India's top vehicle maker said late on Wednesday it would cancel the issue due to weak stock markets, and instead raise funds by selling some investments over the next six to eight months, within the Tata group where possible.

It now plans to raise 42 billion rupees from two rights issues instead of 72 billion rupees from three simultaneous issues to help fund its $2.3 billion acquisition of the Jaguar and Land Rover luxury brands.

Addressing shareholders, Tata said that the company was looking at acquisitions to complement its product range. Without clarifying the segment in which Tata Tea was eyeing acquisitions, Tata said that the acquisitions would be strategic that would add particular strength, footprint in another country or access to technology.Tata Tea will be a beverage and food company, said Ratan Tata, chairman Tata Tea, at the company’s annual general meeting.

Mergers and acquisitions, or investments would be made, which make strategic value for us,” he said.

Responding to queries, on whether Tata Tea would consider changing its name, Tata said that the complexion of the company had changed from a mere tea company and the company would consider it.

Speaking on the sidelines, R K Krishna Kumar, vice-chairman, Tata Tea said that the company was eyeing markets in America and Russia in a big way and could even look at acquisitions.

Tata Tea would also look at spread and expanding its wellness range. The company was now a complete global company with 42 brands in 45 countries.

Tata Motors, one of India`s largest car producers will launch new second-generation Tata Indica by name of Indica Vista, reports Business Standard.
Within days of withdrawing a proposed investment plan of $3 billion in Bangladesh because of the country's prevalent political instability and the non-committal stance of the government, Tata Steel (BOM:500470) (Mumbai, India) firmed up its plans of developing a steel complex with a capacity of 4.5 million tons per year in Vietnam. The project will have an estimated cost of $5 billion. Essar Steel (Mumbai), POSCO (NYSEKX) (Pohang, South Korea) and Baosteel (Shanghai, China) were also reported to be in the race with Tata Steel for the project.

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THE £6.2-billion takeover of the Scunthorpe steelworks and the rest of the Corus business has proven to be the buy of the century for the new Indian owners.Tata Steel has made it into the list of the world's wealthiest companies for the first time in its 101-year history.The maiden entry at number 315 in the list of Global 500 companies released by the Fortune magazine comes after the Mumbai-based steelmaker announced its yearly profit had almost trebled to £1.46-billion.Profits for the quarter ending June 30 were also up by 21.78 per cent.But the latest results do not include the consolidated performance of Corus which is due to be announced next month.

Have you watched the live telecast and analysis on your TV browsing National and local channels today?

The press conference was managed with surgical precision.

Ratan Tata was perfect enough to draw the present Industrial scenario and future potentials in West Bengal!

But we have not addressed the basic problems what happened to all those closed industrial units in west Bengal? More than fifty six thousands of them?

What happened to the workers employed there?

What happened to the property owned by those industries?

What happened to Cotton?

What happened to Jute?

What happened to Tea?

What happened to engineering products?

It is the new aesthetics of market to strike the soft targets. Ratan tata quoted the Intelligentsia which eventually leads Singur Insurrection and addressed the Civil Society with a request to decide his option, to be or not to be!

Thus, the Portrait of the Holy city is drawn with intense interaction in between the Corporate and the civil society.

Sharing anguish of Tata Motors Chairman Ratan Tata, leading industry chambers on Friday asked the West Bengal Government to resolve the land issue with the Opposition and ensure that the Tata's dream small car project is not pulled out of the state.

The three apex chambers -- CII, FICCI and Assocham -- said West Bengal would be a big loser if the Tatas withdraw from the Singur project out of frustration.

"This (Tatas' withdrawing) will create problems for the state not only in the present but also for future in attracting investment," Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry Secretary General Amit Mitra said.

He said many alternative sites were offered "on a platter" elsewhere in the country for locating the small car project. But the Tatas decided on Singur because they were "committed to bring investment into a state which had attracted little investor attention".

An angry Director General of the Confederation of Indian Industry Chandrajit Banerjee said, "Small car is a world story. It is an issue of the country's image."

Banerjee said if the Tatas pull out of West Bengal, it would "irreversibly hamper the future industrialisation of the state and could take it back to an age of industrial vacuum".

Asked who is to blame for the impasse, Banerjee said, "anybody trying to create roadblock is wrong".

Assocham President Sajjan Jindal, whose JSW group has also lined up big-time investment in the State, said if the Tatas leave it would take West Bengal "back to the 1970s when the state witnessed large exodus of industry".

My friends, despite the aggressive stance taken by the Resistance Hegemony, Singur People have no chance in the bargain!
Not at all.
Anad Bazar Patrica leads the media to defend indiscriminate Industrialisation and Urbanisation! It defends Nuke Deal and US interests in India! It is fighting to build up Public Opinion for Tatas, Salem and Zindal and all the corporate houses. It is perverting Bengali language and literature. It has published so many issues of Desh to focus on Industrialisation! It has launched a campaign to promote Brand Buddha and at the same time it is the fiercest critic of the Left, specially CPIM! It mocks the third front and alliance of the Left with Mayawati. it is the only media Hose which shamelessly supports any US aggression anywhere in the world.
Pardon me!All the dignitaries of the so called Civil society have been produced by this Anad Bazar Group. Only exceptions are Mahashweta di and Nabarun Bhattacharya, her son!
Would all the writers and artists belonging to SWAJAN, SANHATI and Nagarik Manch be ready to boycott this anti people Media House?
Would Icon Writers not write in Puja specials published by the media houses helping the Ruling Gestapo?
Would they have enough courage to boycott the electronic media booms?
Zee network has taken over all government auditoriums including the cluster of Rabindra Sadan as they had tried in vain to capture the News Agency UNI. UNI workers sent back Subhash Chandra? Who dares in Bengal?
Dr Amartya sen is another Holy Cow of Bangla Caste Hindu Nationality who is the most powerful spokesman of US corporate Imperialism and the Ruling Gestapo in West Bengal? Who is also pleading for TATAs. The so called Nobel laureate spares Imperialism in significant works on Famine in India as well as China.
May the Civil society try to eject out this global Icon out of Bengal?
Nothing is going to happen,Mr Ratan Tata knows it correctly and hence, he leaves the Option of Industrialisation open to be decided by the Civil Society only. he has staked his money on the Right choice and he is not going to fail!
On Thursday, a section of city Intelligentsia led by Mahashweta Devi addressed another Press conference. Tushar Talukdar was on of the intellectual present. Talukdar was Kolkat Police commissioner during Jyoti Basu tenure. The so called civil society is tempted to field ex IPS, WBCS and IPS officers to defend Singur and Nandigram cases! is it not contradictory. The Butcher of Marichjhanpi genocide, Amiya Sanyal speaks on democratic norms. All those officials, known policy makers and executives of Ruling Hegemony gestapo accompany Mahashweta Devi and waste tonnes of news prints on edit pages! How the massacre Brigade has changed it`s heart?
Where is the space for the victims? Those who are uprooted from life and livelihood? Those who are being annihilated?
Neither Ruling nor Resistance Hegemony is interested to save our indigenous aboriginal communities!
I beg your pardon!

The Government of Bengal has been holding talks with the Trinamool Congress leader Mamata Banerjee for the last few days to arrive at a mutually acceptable solution to the opposition of the villagers to the Tata Motors plant which is to produce the low cost car Nano. The controversy surrounds the acquisition of 997-acre plot by the Bengal Government for the Rs 1 lakh car plant at Singur, 40km west of Kolkata.While the Trinamul Congress led resistance demands that the Government return 400 acres to those who did not want to sell their land, the Government has refused to do so.
Where the fire brand leader was hidden all the time while Tatas were allowed to go on with construction works?
Tats were allowed to invest Rs 15,000 corore! Now Ratan Tata leaves the Option to be decided by the Civil Society whether to pull out or not!
Where has been our dearest NGO leader Medha Patkar?
On 24th, I am sure . we will see another Olympiad of Reality Show where all the unexpected faces would be presented. We may guess some of them as Amar Singh and Somen Mitra!
Congress has also jumped in the fray as the marriage between UPA and Left is broken abruptly!
I won`t be surprised if the ruling left fields Mayawati to plead for Industry!
What is this all about?
Please explain!
What the Indigenous people, the peasants would get in this power game?
Mamata has clarified that she is against neither industrialisation nor the Tatas. It is understood that she is against the Ruling left Front! What to do with this stance?
Mamata and Medha and the Civil society have allowed Tatas and the State government to go on with Singur Project! Now they are just bargaining for some hundred acres of land!
What is the development we see in POSCO, Orissa?
What happened in Barnala?
What was the case of Navi Mumbai?
What we see in Noida?
Are all these cases not linked at all?
Just trace the developments in the sovereign Open Market!
Just have a look on the changing Geopolitics which has been turned into a war zone, a killing field with realliance of Global ruling Classes and strategic realliance in US Lead!
Who is leading the movement against the anti people policy making of the central government? What about Inflation, price rise, retail chain, nuclear plants and parks,GM seeds, natural resources, food security and starvation?
The Resistance Hegemony is either ignorant or cooperative to the task of annihilation!
Matters took a dramatic turn yesterday with the Trinamool Congress (TC) controlled gram panchayat in Singur saying that it would not grant any permissions to the plant like environmental and water use licences, and also threatened to take action against the company as its factory was blocking the rainwater drainage channel of the entire area leading onto the Hooghly river.
Speaking to reporters after the Tata Tea AGM, Ratan Tata said today: "We are deeply concerned at the violence and disruption and at the safety of our employees, equipment and investments at the project site at Singur," He said: "It is for the people of West Bengal and Kolkata to decide whether we are unwanted or accept us as a good corporate citizen.
"If it is the latter, then it is good."
He said that if it was the other, then it would be impossible to alter the plan "following which we would have to make a move despite whatever investments had been already made in the project."

Visibly disturbed Tata said that Rs 1500 crore of investments had been already made in the project.
"There is a sense of tension, violence and disruption (at Singur). Obviously it is not a conducive atmosphere. The compound wall is broken down, materials stolen." "Whatever be the cost, we will move out if the situation demands so," he said.
Tata said that there was a general perception that Tatas were exploiting the State. "We are extremely sensitive to the needs of the rural community. We have not come to exploit anyone. We have got the land on lease and not bought it."
The State had been long ignored by industrial houses, including the Tatas. "Despite much flak which we have drawn for locating the dream project at Singur, we have decided to locate the project here.
"We are also gifting a hospital to the State which would be commissioned in March 2009," he said. Saying that he had no regret for coming to West Bengal, he said "I am an optimist."
If the project was moved out of Singur, then it would definitely affect the future flow of investments by the Tatas in the State, he said.
Explaining the situation at Singur, Tata said: "It is not possible to work under police protection."
On the issue of 400 acres which had been earmarked for the ancillary units, Tata said that the small car 'Nano' was a unique product. "It is necessary to incorporate the ancillary units in the same location to keep the logistics cost low." 
The main opposition Trinamool Congress in the State is insisting that the company set up operations on 600 acres and return 400 acres of land earmarked for ancillary units to farmers from whom the property was acquired forcibly.
With the State Government not relenting to the opposition party's demands, a deadlock has been created leading to tension and violence in the project area.

TC chief Mamata Banerjee meanwhile has said that she would go ahead with the indefinite dharna near the Tata Motors' small car plant from August 24 but was open to dialogue.
She said yesterday that her party had already offered to the state government a solution for return of the 400 acres at Singur to 'unwilling' farmers.
Banerjee offered, “Let the company take whatever land it wants for its 600 acre factory and only after that will the farmers who have not accepted compensation take back their land- I am not insisting on return of the exact land”.
Tata Motors had written a “confidential” letter to Banerjee on the Nano small car project in Singur saying it needed only 600 acres for its car plant, while the other 400-odd acres at Singur would house auto component companies which would supply to the Nano project and also to other clients.
According to the government, this had emboldened Banerjee to ask for return of 400 acres.
To combat this, the state government yesterday produced a letter by Tata Motors managing director Ravi Kant giving an “update” to West Bengal industry minister Nirupam Sen reportedly saying that it needed the full 997 acres now.

And now see what is all about the Policy making?
The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA) today gave its approval for compulsory packaging of food grains and sugar in jute bags on 100 per cent basis for the jute year 2008-09 (July-June).
In the 2007-08 jute year too, following a meeting of the CCEA that was held under the Chairmanship of the Prime Minister, Dr Manmohan Singh, it was decided that jute bags must be used on 100 per cent basis for packaging of food grains and sugar.
The decision has been welcomed by the Rs 6,500-crore turnover jute industry, which had earlier apprehended a dilution of the Jute Packaging Materials Act, 1987, which makes it mandatory for food grains and sugar to be packed on 100 per cent basis in jute bags.
The move will directly benefit four million jute growers and two-and-a-half lakh workers engaged in the jute mills industry. The decision will ensure offtake of nine lakh tonnes of jute goods, out of the 17 lakh tonnes produced by the industry.
However, some exemptions have been prescribed in the order under the JPM Act. In the case of shortage or disruption in the supply of jute packaging material, the Union Ministry of Textiles will, in consultation with the user ministries concerned, further relax these provisions up to a maximum of 20 per cent for food grains and sugar, respectively.

The annual Wholesale Price Index-based inflation rose 12.63 per cent during the week ended August 9, above the previous week’s year-on-year rise of 12.44 per cent, Government data showed on Thursday. The Union Government, on Thursday, approved a new open market sale scheme (OMSS) for wheat and rice in order to keep grain prices in check ahead of the upcoming festival season.The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA), at its meeting here, decided to allocate wheat under the OMSS both to State Governments/Union Territories as well as bulk consumers, such as roller flour mills.
“We plan to channelise about 50 lakh tonnes (lt) of wheat under the scheme between September and March next.
Another 10 lt will be allocated to States/UTs as additional above-poverty-line (APL) quota”, a senior Food Ministry official said.
The exact distribution of the overall 50 lt OMSS quantities between the States/UTs and bulk consumers, and also the timing of intervention and locations, will be decided by the Ministry based on the recommendation of a Committee of Secretaries (CoS).
The official WPI for ‘All Commodities’ for the week ended August 9 rose to 240.7 points, up from 240.4 points for the previous week.

The annual inflation rate was recorded at 4.24 per cent during the corresponding week of the previous year.
On a disaggregated basis, during the latest reported week, the index for the Primary Articles group rose marginally as the Food Articles’ group index rose by 0.3 per cent due to higher prices of masur (3 per cent), tea, moong and gram (2 per cent each) and milk (1 per cent). However, the prices of urad, fish-marine and arhar (1 per cent each) declined.
In a move that would keep the roll out of third generation services on track, the Department of Telecom has rejected telecom regulator’s call to review some parts of the recently announced third generation policy. The TRAI had sought a review on several issues in the policy – the key one being DoT’s decision to allocate spectrum to CDMA players based on subscriber numbers. The regulator had also asked the Government to refer the issue of allowing new and foreign players back to TRAI so that it can suggest the terms and conditions of the new licence category.Rejecting TRAI’s view on foreign players, an internal DoT note said, “ The unified access licence are authorised to provide triple play – voice, data and video without any limit on speed of data. 3G service providers are not new category of licensees and they shall be offering 3G services under terms & conditions of the UASL licence. Therefore, the provision of the TRAI ACT 1997 is not applicable in this situation.”
Faced with falling margins due to rising interest rates, banks are focusing on the small and medium enterprises sector. Although lending to SMEs is slightly more risky compared with big corporates, with defaults ranging from 1-3 per cent, the higher returns make up for the defaults, said bankers.
It is, as one banker said, the ‘bread and butter’ for banks.
An SME client is usually charged interest rates slightly higher than the benchmark prime-lending rate of banks. “While a ‘AAA’ rated corporate can get loans at PLR or even 1-1.5 per cent lower than PLR, lending to SME is usually never lower than PLR,” said Mr V.K. Dhingra, Executive Director, UCO Bank.
Besides earning a higher yield, banks also benefit from a host of ancillary businesses from an SME client, according to Mr T.M. Bhasin, Executive Director, United Bank of India.
“Ancillary businesses such as Letter of Credits and guarantee from SME clients give banks an opportunity to earn fee-based income,” he said.
Banks are also taking additional initiatives to increase lending to this segment. For instance, ICICI Bank is planning to launch a private equity fund for SMEs and State Bank of India has recruited dedicated customer relationship executives to serve SME customers and to acquire new business.
Union Bank of India is redesigning its SME segment into clusters, based on both geography and industry; setting up processing centres called ‘SME Sarals’ and hiring specialised credit officers for this segment. So far, the bank has set up seven SME Sarals and hired 280 officers.
United Bank of India is looking at a 40 per cent growth in its SME portfolio in 2008-09, up from 27 per cent last year.
UCO Bank is looking at 20 per cent growth, against 18 per cent last year. “Gems and jewellery, auto components, engineering and textiles are the sectors our bank will be focusing in a big way this year,” said Mr Dhingra.
Union Bank of India saw its SME segment grow by 41 per cent to Rs 12,630 crore, in the first quarter, up from Rs 8,962 crore last year. For this fiscal, the bank has set a target of Rs 17,000 crore or 35-37 per cent growth.
Bank of India, which had an SME portfolio of Rs 21,000 crore as on June 30, 2008, expects growth in this segment to be around 22-23 per cent, which is in line with earlier years, said Mr S. C. Jain, General Manager, in charge of SME.
The lack of bargaining power with SMEs is also one of the reasons that banks would continue to focus on this segment.
“For SMEs there is no other capital available. They have to go in only for loan capital,” said Mr T. S. Krishnaswamy, Deputy General Manager, SME, SBI.
Given the overall economic slowdown, SBI is expecting its SME growth to see slight moderation, he added.
This year the bank is expecting the growth to be around 25-27 per cent, down from 31 per cent over the last three years.
The bank’s outstanding SME advances as on June 30, 2008 were around Rs 90,000 crore.
“SME is a segment of high growth. So our focus on this segment will remain. But because of the overall slowdown, new investments could be lesser this year,” he said.
This year, engineering goods sector may be hit by the high steel prices and the food processing sector too may be affected due to sluggish monsoon and curbs on exports of pulses, he added.The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs on Thursday gave its approval for continuing the ongoing schemes of Ground Water Survey, Exploration and Investigation, Central Ground Water Authority, and Study of Recharge to Ground Water as one integrated scheme on Ground Water Management and Regulation at an outlay of Rs 460 crore during the Eleventh Plan period.
The scheme will help strengthen the ground water resource management system, delineation of ground water development-worthy areas, developing area-specific artificial recharge and rain water harvesting techniques, development of web-enabled ground water information system for quick dissemination of ground water data, and strengthening of coordination and synergy amongst all other stakeholders.

The state government has said the Calcutta High Court order in the Rizwanur Rahman case was an “emotional judgment” and that it would contest Thursday’s ruling.
The court has allowed the CBI to file chargesheets against seven persons, including Rizwanur’s father-in-law Ashok Todi, his brother Pradip and three police officers, for abetment of suicide
But Subrata Mukhopadhyay, the junior counsel for the state, said: “There has been no trial and unless this is done no one can be seen as guilty of abetment of suicide. This is clearly an emotional judgment.”
The court has also termed the city police’s attempts to arm-twist the couple “unconstitutional” and “inhuman”.
Trinamul Congress chief Miss Mamata Banerjee appealed to the Tata group chief, Mr Ratan Tata to persuade the state government to return to the unwilling farmers 400 acres of the 997 acres acquired for the small car project at Singur since “industrialists should have a human face and show concern for the people.”
The state government, on the other hand, claimed that Tata Motors had clarified that the vendors' park was indispensable for their small car factory, contradicting Miss Banerjee's stand that the ancillary units on the controversial land could be shifted elsewhere .
Miss Banerjee pleaded that the Tatas require only 650 acres for their small car plant and claimed the letter written to her by the managing director of Tata Motors Limited, Mr Ravi Kant, mentioned the quantum of land needed for the mother plant.
The state commerce and industries minister, Mr Nirupam Sen, said he had enquired with the TML MD about the matter. The Tatas have given details of the land use in the total project area of 997 acres including the vendors' park.
“The Trinamul Congress chairperson had cited a letter at the meeting with industrialists. Since we were not aware of anything I enquired about it with Mr Kant. He gave us details of the land use which includes the land for ancillary units,” said Mr Sen.
The state government also said it was yet to receive any document from the Trinamul on the modalities for returning the controversial land. Miss Banerjee said: "We have already given the documents to them but again if they want we can always provide them with the relevant documents.''
After talks with the Trinamul-led Opposition the state government, it was learnt, believes there is “scope for negotiation over the 400 acres of land”. Over 60 acres of the controversial portion have been set aside for building roads and installing power lines.
The Trinamul chief insisted that they would go ahead with the agitation at Singur for an indefinite period from 24 August and any attempt by the administration to scuttle it would meet with stiff resistance. The state government would be “solely” responsible for the consequences, she said.
Miss Banerjee, who oversaw the agitation programme during the day, said the CPI-M would deploy one of its mass organisations to block roads of Singur on 24 August. “The intention is quite clear. The state government would be responsible for any eventuality,” she said. The administration is worried as the President is scheduled to visit Joykrishna Library on the same day at Uttarpara in Hooghly district.
The state home secretary, Mr AM Chakrabarti, said he would meet representatives of the Krishi Jomi Jiban Jibika Raksha Committee, spearheading the agitation, in a day or two.

The Statesman, Kolkata reports:
Two days after Trinamul Congress chief Miss Mamata Banerjee drew applause from captains of industry for her views on industrialisation, CPI-M politburo member Mr Sitaram Yechury (photograph right) today was locked in a verbal duel with ICC committee members over the Marxists’ politics of forcing a shutdown on economic life by calling frequent bandhs like the one that paralysed life in three Left-ruled states yesterday.
“You seem to be in a mental state of the 1960s as you frequently call bandhs when the economy takes a beating and people are forced to remain indoors. What did you gain by yesterday's bandh ?” one industrialist asked Mr Yechury. “No wonder investors move away from West Bengal to Gujarat because the economic climate there is more congenial than here,” said another. “How can it be that the people of the three Left-ruled states have a perception about bandhs that is not shared by the rest of the country which carries on normally on such days ?” a third asked.
Mr Yechury had the stock Left response that bandhs or strikes were “but a last resort of the people when their pent-up feelings go unresponded." But he immediately became belligerent in his response to the barrage of criticism and asked the industrialists why they had remained silent during the past three years when prices of essential commodities had skyrocketed because of forward trading.
“If you want a serious debate, don't be led by prejudices (against the Left),” he almost chided the industrialists. “If investors shy away from Bengal, it's not because of bandhs, but for other reasons”, he said, without spelling out the “reasons.” He, however, claimed Bengal now ranked first among states attracting investment. In the end, Mr Yechury said politicians and industrialists need to collaborate rather than confront each other for the country's growth. He also felt a solution to the Singur stalemate through discussion would help the state’s economy
Meanwhile, the Union Cabinet Thursday accepted most of the recommendations of a parliamentary standing committee to improve the Unorganised Sector Workers’ Social Security Bill, 2008, which has already been introduced in Parliament.
The information and broadcasting minister, Mr Priyaranjan Dasmunsi, told reporters that the government would incorporate the committee’s recommendations in the Bill through amendments in the next session of Parliament.
The minister said the Cabinet extended by six months a 29 August 2006 Central Notification concerning wheat, rice and pulses. The extension would be effective from 1 September 2008. The scope of the notification has been extended to paddy. Official sources said the order would help state governments check hoarding, and thereby control price-rise.
CGHS facilities: Mr Dasmunsi said the Cabinet considered proposals on extending CGHS facilities to journalists accredited to the Central government. The Prime Minister, Dr Manmohan Singh, constituted a three-member ministerial committee to examine if the CGHS facilities could be extended to families of the journalists. The committee includes the health minister, Dr Anbumani Ramadoss, and the I&B minister. The committee would come out with its views this month, Mr Dasmunsi said.
MEA posts: The Cabinet also decided to create 518 posts in the external affairs ministry. Of these, 249 posts would be within the country, comprising 139 officers and 110 staff. The remaining 269 posts ~ 175 officers and 94 staff ~ would be created in Indian missions abroad.
The Cabinet decided to merge the two Centrally-sponsored schemes of Strengthening of Revenue Administration and Updating of Land Records (SRA&ULR) and Computerization of Land Records (CLR), and to replace them with a modified Centrally-sponsored scheme of National Land Records Modernisation Programme (NLRMP).

Worried’, Tata flashes Singur alert
OUR BUREAU

Tata, Sen
Calcutta, Aug. 21: A “worried” Ratan Tata has no intention to pull out of Singur “until and unless forced to do so”, the Bengal government said tonight in the first public admission that the car project is not as foregone as was being made out.
“Actually, he is quite worried about the developments in Singur. He did not anticipate this kind of thing to happen for such a project,” industries minister Nirupam Sen said tonight after meeting Ratan Tata at a city hotel.
Asked whether there was any possibility of the Tatas withdrawing from the Singur project, Sen said: “He has made a lot of investment and it is not his intention to pull out until and unless he is forced to do so by circumstances.”
The comments attributed to Tata are certain to winch up pressure on Mamata, who has been trying hard to shed the tag of “anti-industry”.
Tata has said the fate of the project will ultimately be decided by the people of Bengal. “Tata thought that the small car project will be beneficial to the people of Bengal and that it will be welcomed by all,” the minister said.
The dramatic late-evening meeting took place on the eve of the Tata Tea annual general meeting — the official purpose behind Tata’s visit to the city — and on a day Mamata announced that she would go ahead with the siege of Singur from Sunday.
“We have told Tata that as far as discussions with the Trinamul Congress are concerned, they have assured us that there would be no lawlessness… there will be peaceful demonstration,” Sen said, indirectly putting the onus on the Opposition party to ensure the protest does not spin out of control — a possibility when charged crowds assemble.
Sen, who was accompanied by industries secretary Sabysachi Sen, said Tata expressed “anxiety” over what would happen on August 24. “I hope all parties, even those who are opposing us, will think before any kind of action so that the project can go through peacefully,” the minister said.
He declined to say if the government discussed any compromise formula with Tata.
Tata landed in the city at 6.25pm and reached the hotel after an hour or so. Sen called on Tata a little after 9pm and the talks lasted one and a half hours.
Trinamul has demanded the return of 400 acres meant for vendors to “unwilling farmers”, saying the car plant needed only “600-650 acres”.
The Tatas have clarified in a letter to the government today that the entire project needed 1,000 acres as the ancillary units were an integral part of the small-car project.
Trinamul sources said late tonight that Mamata wanted to meet Tata but the state government was preventing the industrialist from holding talks with her.
The party sources said the situation could be defused even now if the government made a public admission that land was acquired “forcibly”.
In return for such an acknowledgement, the Trinamul leadership will scale down the size of “the land to be returned” to “250 or 200” acres from 400, the sources said. According to government figures, the number of acres belonging to “unwilling farmers” stands at 167.
An official at the chief minister’s secretariat said the government and Trinamul might hold a second meeting in the next few days, after Mamata’s representatives met chief minister Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee and Sen at Writers’ Buildings yesterday.
“I can’t say whether the second meeting will be held tomorrow or the day after, but it may take place,’’ the official said. Asked about this, the Trinamul chief merely said: “Our door is open for positive dialogue.”
http://www.telegraphindia.com/1080822/jsp/frontpage/story_9727496.jsp
Sir, people feel bandh is Left’s first option
A STAFF REPORTER

Sitaram Yechury at the session. Telegraph picture
Calcutta, Aug. 21: Interactive session is the flavour of the season but not everyone is as fortunate as Mamata Banerjee to enjoy an uncontested run. Sitaram Yechury, the CPM politburo member who addressed a meeting of the Indian Chamber of Commerce at Bengal Club on Thursday, should know.
Yechury, whose party’s labour union Citu is celebrating the “success” of a 24-hour bandh on Wednesday, held forth before the industrialists on issues such as the nuclear deal, price rise and land acquisition.
As soon as his speech was over, an industrialist asked a question on the Indo-US nuclear agreement, and Yechury breezed through the familiar territory. But the next question rang out like a pistol shot in sharp contrast with the diffident queries that greeted Mamata at the Bengal Chamber of Commerce and Industry on Tuesday.
Over to Bengal Club, Thursday afternoon.
Harsh Jha (MD, Tata Metaliks): Please forgive me if I am being a bit harsh, but I think the Left is still wrapped up in the 60s and 70s. Why else do we have so many bandhs in this particular state? Yesterday’s strike call forced the state to come to a halt. What did the country gain?…
Yechury: (Tries to say something)
Jha: We have heard you. Please hear us, too.
Weren’t you contributing to inflation as well through this bandh? What impression are you sending out? The daily labourers lost out on their income.
Yechury: I think you are being too partisan. It’s not that we call for industrial strike too often. If I remember, the last such strike was called three years ago. And what impression are you talking about? If you are so concerned, why didn’t you support us when the CPM sought imposition of tax on windfall gains on private, joint venture oil firms and private refineries?….
Jha: (Tries to speak)
Yechury: I have heard you. Please listen.
We don’t want oil companies to make this windfall profit and let the common man bear the burden of increase in oil prices. Please don’t think in isolation.
Gaurav Swarup (MD, Paharpur Cooling Towers): I think we are deviating. Sir, without being so blunt, I think you will appreciate that bandh does affect the image of the state. Apart from other things, it does speak of the work culture as well. In fact, frequent bandhs affect the overall environment for investments in the state.
Yechury: I think you must appreciate that the CPM has always believed that strike is the last option. What do you do? We have been trying to attract the attention of the Prime Minister on the price rise of essential commodities and other issues for the last three years. Forget the figures of inflation. It’s the normal people who go out to the market who are the worst hit.
Yechury: And I would like to know whether the impression of the state is being hit owing to the bandh call or the agitation in Singur? Please understand that it’s the pent-up frustration of the people that force us to tread the path of a bandh. It’s the last resort.
Dibyendu Bose (MD, Tata Martrade International Logistics Ltd): But Sir, people outside feel bandh is the first option for the Left in Bengal. OK, even if we accept this bandh culture, can we just ensure that during a bandh, you can at least keep planes and trains out of its ambit? The aged and ailing, waiting for long-distance trains, suffer tremendously during such bandhs. At least, if it can be ensured that the sick can reach hospitals on a bandh day, that would make a lot of difference.
Yechury: I know what people feel about Bengal from outside and it’s not what you claim. Even Kerala had a bandh yesterday. But yes, I think what you are suggesting is true. We do try and ensure that the sick and the ailing don’t bear the brunt of the strike call. Trust me, we tried really hard and when there was no option, we had to go for a strike.

http://www.telegraphindia.com/1080822/jsp/frontpage/story_9727498.jsp
Land-grab cry from churches
MITA MUKHERJEE
Calcutta, Aug. 16: The land-grab cry against the government, till now heard only from Singur and Nandigram, is coming from some Christian missionaries, too.
The Seventh Day Adventist Church that runs a school for poor children on 375 acres in Falakata, Jalpaiguri, has been told by the government that it can keep only 24 acres.
“It (the government) wants to take the rest of the property,” said Bernard Halder, the principal of Seventh Day Adventist Church School, Calcutta, who also manages the property matters of the Falakata school.
The government informed the church about its decision two years ago. Halder said the compensation the church was getting was measly.
A senior land and land reforms department official said the church had flouted land ceiling norms, hence the acquisition. “Going by the land ceiling rules, an organisation cannot hold over 7.5 acres in urban areas and 24.20 acres in other areas,” he said.
The government can allow an organisation to possess more land in special cases, for instance, if it is for setting up an industry or for implementing a developmental project of the state or central government. But in such a case, cabinet approval is required.
“So, the church in Jalpaiguri will have to hand over the excess land,” the official said.
Citing the land ceiling rules, the state has started acquiring 60 acres from the Methodist Church in Asansol, 21 acres from the Baptist Union Church in Midnapore, 21 acres from the Evangelical Luthera Church in Purulia and 14 acres from the Church of North India in Jiagunge, Murshidabad.
“Ours is a philanthropist organisation,” Halder, of the Seventh Day Adventist Church, said. “We give free education, boarding, food and vocational training to poor children. A Christian missionary had donated the land and our main source of income is from cultivation of paddy, dairy farming and pisciulture on this land,” he said. “It will be impossible for us to run the institution if the land is taken away.”
The Bangiya Christiya Pariseba, a state-level organisation of Christian members and churches, has contended in court that the government cannot include church plots under land ceiling rules. The Pariseba will organise protests from September.
The organisation has written to chief minister Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee, minority affairs minister Abdus Sattar and land and land reforms minister Abdur Rezzak Mollah.
Mollah said: “I am only aware about the problem with a church in Jalpaiguri. I am looking into the complaints of the other churches.”
Herod Mullick, general secretary of the Pariseba, said: “If the state government turns a blind eye, we will organise law violation programmes and march to the Assembly.”
http://www.telegraphindia.com/1080817/jsp/bengal/story_9702861.jsp

It’s Congress vs police at Singur
Statesman News Service
KOLKATA, Aug 21: Fresh trouble broke out in Singur when Congress supporters clashed with police after being resisted from entering the small car project area this morning.
Angry Congress supporters later blocked Durgapur Expressway for three hours from 11 a.m. today alleging that police resorted to lathicharge without any provocation.
According to reports, more than 2,000 Congress supporters, led by PCC member and former MLA, Mr Abdul Mannan, took out a rally from Singur demanding that land, acquired for the project without the consent of the farmers, be returned. Policemen on duty intercepted the rally at Sahanapara after Congress supporters tried to enter the project area. Soon a scuffle between police and Congress workers ensued. The situation deteriorated after Mr Mannan was allegedly manhandled by some policemen. Congress supporters later clashed with policemen triggering tension in the area. A huge police contingent was deployed to bring the situation under control. No one, however, was injured in the clash.
After being chased away by policemen, Congress workers sat on Durgapur Expressway and blocked the road for three hours that led to heavy traffic jam. The road block was withdrawn around 2 p.m. after senior police officers intervened. It may be mentioned here that home secretary, Mr Ashok Mohan Chakrabarti, during his visit to Singur car project last week, had made it clear that strong action would be taken against those who disrupt project work. He also told the reporters that no outsiders would be allowed to enter the project site.
“Congress supporters had planned to disrupt construction work for which they were not allowed to enter the project site. Only a scuffle between police and a section of agitators took place in front of the main gate of the project area today. The allegation of Congress leaders being humiliated by policemen is false. We didn't resort to lathicharge," said a senior district police officer. Meanwhile, a farmer from Beraberi Purbapara village at Singur, Narendranath Das (80), whose 4 bigha land came under the project area, died at his house following a cardiac arrest early today. His family alleged that Das was mentally upset after his land was forcibly taken away by the state government. He had been an active supporter of Singur Krishi Jomi Raksha Committee which organised group meetings at various places across Singur today. Leaders of the peasants’ body urged people to participate in the indefinite dharna scheduled to start from 24 August outside the project area.

Protestors block road in Purulia
PURULIA, Aug. 21: Protesting against the closure of a polysacks factory at Jhalda in Purulia, employees blocked the Purulia-Jhalda road today.
It was reported that the employees failed to turn up yesterday due to the 24-hour industrial strike. Following yesterday's strike, the management decided not to open the factory today as well. As a result of which the Citu-backed employees’ union, protested against the closure and demanded the factory’s opening as soon as possible. However, Mr Bishnu Agarwal, a spokesperson of the management, expressed his displeasure at yesterday's forceful strike. The bandh in Purulia district actually started from Monday night itself. The situation finally returnedto normal today with a few stray incidents. On Monday most shops were closed due to Mansa Puja (snake worship). The Jharkhand Mukti Morcha (Soren) organised a ‘rail roko' and Maoists called a bandh on Tuesday and there was an industrial strike yesterday.

State seeks relief for forest land bldgs
Times of India, India - 10 hours ago
Now, the government has urged the apex court that for the lands exempted from the Private Forests (Acquisition Act) prior to promulgation of the Forest ...
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MarketWatch - 21 Aug 2008
CNSV is engaged in the acquisition of organic and natural food companies in the food service industry. The Company is also acquiring land for organic ...
House panel may keep govt`s land buy cap at 30 per cent
Business Standard, India - 14 Aug 2008
In the draft amendment to the Land Acquisition Act, it was proposed that the state could acquire only up to 30 per cent of the total land required for the ...
Land acquisition for Mopa airport starts
Times of India, India - 28 Jul 2008
... which is the urgency clause of the Land Acquisition Act. The government has to issue Section 6 of the Act (confirmation of decision to acquire the land) ...
Mopa airport project on fast track Navhind Times
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Yechury upholds strikes, backs lower rates
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He admitted there was a need for a new land acquisition act, which would take into account proper compensation for owners and dependents on land, ...
Nano project very important for Bengal: Yechury
Press Trust of India, India - 21 Aug 2008
Asked to comment on the controversy over the land Acquisition Act, 1894, he said "it is outdated and fresh legislation has to be brought." PTI.
Union Government issues administrative sanction
Newindpress, India - 17 Aug 2008
The government had only given the land and structure value according to the Land Acquisition Act (LA Act) for the evictees" they said. ...
Jharkhand political turmoil may hinder new projects
Financial Express, India - 20 Aug 2008
With the survival of the Koda government looking a remote possibility, the land acquisition process is bound to face yet another setback despite an R&R ...
OMNI Announces Contract Award and Expanded Service Locations
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announced today that it has been awarded a contract with a leading seismic data acquisition company to perform a major seismic drilling project in the north ...

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India Infoline.com eGoM Retain s Land Ceiling, Compulsory Land Acquisition For SEZs
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The demolitions by the state PWD have started after an order was issued by the DC Imphal east under section 16 of Land Acquisition Act, 1894 and the land ...
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The reader, identified as Nirmal Kumar, was taking the money to issue him a cheque of compensation in lieu of the acquisition of his land for the ...
Preliminary Final Report
Sydney Morning Herald, Australia - 20 Aug 2008
These operations create value throughout the development process, from land acquisition, through planning and approvals, financing, construction, ...
Shell gets Canadian approval for Duvernay purchase
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The future of Pacific View school takes twists and turns
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The Statesman, India - 20 Aug 2008
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Now Nuclear Parks for the Hindu Super Power

Troubled Galaxy Destroyed Dreams: Chapter 48

Palash Biswas

INFLATION AND MORALS
- The answer to inflation is to cut down defence spending
Ashok Mitra

Please have a heart; to ask a government wedded to the philosophy of the free market to discipline the demon of rising prices would be no less than cruelty. Inflation opens a floodgate of opportunities for producers and traders. A time lag exists between the production of a commodity and its sale. If prices shoot up during this interval, the producer makes a windfall profit in addition to the normal profit he already had borne in mind in his calculations. Given the gap of time between the purchase of stocks and their actual sales, the trader too experiences a windfall gain if market prices shoot up meanwhile. Free market economics ordains non-interference on the part of the government with happenings in the market. The continuing process of inflation helps producers and traders to keep making windfall profits. They should be allowed to do so, admonishes the doctrine of laissez-faire, the government must look the other way.

Such, then, is the crux of the matter. Inflation in the country, as measured by movements in the wholesale price index, is currently spilling beyond the rate of 12 per cent; in terms of the retail price index, it must be even higher. The government, given its commitment to neo-liberalism, can only watch the situation. It watches the situation with complacence for another, more intimate reason. The producers and the traders who are gathering in the profits are its classmates; their support sustains the government.

True, there is the other point of view. Whatever its class interests, the government functions within a democratic framework and will have to face the electorate soon. The overwhelming majority of the electorate consists of the poor and middle classes who are the severest victims of inflation. They could very well turn away from the parties constituting the government in case the wounds inflicted by rising prices become intolerable. Should not the government, for dear life, do something to save itself from the wrath of the people? For instance, could it not arrange to supply, through the public distribution system, essential commodities at a subsidy to the less fortunate sections? No, it could not; the proposal would be immediately shot down by decision-makers who shape and guide the destiny of the government. It is all very simple. Subsidized supply of commodities would adversely affect money-making by producers and traders; demand gets diverted from the free market to the public distribution system. That is as good as sabotaging the free market. The government, therefore, makes up its mind; it would not expand — on the contrary, it would phase out — the practice of supplying essential goods at subsidized prices.

Please read the complete story.

http://www.telegraphindia.com/1080818/jsp/opinion/story_9699845.jsp

Well, some friends of the Sensex shining India Ruling Hegemony have chosen to launch a hate campaign against me with xxx abusive language, I despise to quote. I hate to reply those illogical biased words of hatred. But is is an indication that I am shooting on Target!

They did not allow Dr Baba Saheb Ambedkar to enter the Constitution assembly from Maharashtra and closed every door and window for his entry. The East Bengal Untouchables led by Jogendra Nath Mandal elected him for the Constitution assembly. Even in Independent India, they did not allow Dr Ambedkar to address his people in Gandhi Maidan, Patna. Dr Ambedkar could win no election in Independent India. neither Jogendra Nath Mandal could.At least, I am not so great. But the fascist Hindutva gladiators and ruling Hegemony Gestapo never allow any democratic space for black untouchables in India. The Global ruling class is quite adamant to implement the new global order of Post Modern Manusmriti Apartheid Hindu Zionist White Corporate Galaxy Imperialism led by United state of America.

They are very angry with my recent article, `Kashmir Conflict is Master Minded Hindutva Strategy to Stop Anti US Movement in India’. RSS projected next Prime Minister did not utter a single word against US Imperialism . Neither did he spoke a single word against strategic re alliance led by US and Indo US Nuke Deal in hyper hyped Parliamentary Nuke Opera during Trust Vote debate. Rather Mr Adwani used the opportunity of opening the debate on so called national Interests to address and mobilise the Hindutva Gestapo against Muslims in India which resulted as disaster on the Kashmir front. I had to write,` They Stopped Myawati and They May Stop Barrack Obama, too’ with a disclaimer that I never believe in personal Karishma and Vote Bank Equation as ways of dalit Liberation!

What is happening in Kashmir ? It is quite reminiscent of pre partition Bengal where Hindu Mahasabha did its best to provoke riots as well as Muslim Nationality to partition India so that the Brahmins could hold the Power! RSS is dividing the already divided geopolitics bleeding! NDA and UPA have aligned! The Ruling Hegemony as a whole is all out to defend US weapon and war economy corporate MNC interests in South Asia!

Nuke deal is going to be operationalised very soon thanks to the Ideological Hypocrisy of Brahmin Marxists in India as they wanted the precious time launching an international anti imperialist movement!

Now the Ruling Hegemony has decided to establish Nuclear parks beside SEZ, Chemical Hubs, Retail chain, LPG, Economic reforms, indiscriminate industrialisation and urbanisation to complete the agenda of Annihilate Indigenous Black Untouchables!

Yes, I never believe in Dalit Movement. I don`t believe that the goal of destroying the Manusmriti Rule of Caste System be achieved while we just bank on Casteology or reservation! As our senior friends VTR believes.

I never support US imperialism and Globalisation to create space for dalit Liberation or empowerment of Dalits. More over, I don`t believe in the concept of dalit or depressed as we are the mainstream majority people and the rulers, the Brahmins are a micro minority , mere three percent of Indian population. All the Mischief is done by this micro minority as they have sustained the caste system which divides the society into more than six thousand castes. I am not a blind Ambedkarite who escaped the prime task to address the nationalities. Thus, the Ruling Hegemony is successful to divide the aboriginal indigenous majority people further into SC, ST, OBC and Minority groups! I believe in Marxism as well as Indigenous National identities!

Today, in the first hours of Morning I called our philosopher poet friend, the Marxist Minister Anil Sarkar in Agartala and asked if any way is out there to stop NDA and UPA to sustain the Ruling Hegemony crushing and annihilating Indigenous communities!

Anilda spoke,` Mayawati happens the only option and we must rally behind her to stop RSS as well as UPA!’

I discussed with him about the fate of Gauri Amma in Kerala who was responsible to mobilise the Marxist Vote Bank in Kerala. Since Gauri Amma is a dalit, she was ousted from the party to accommodate Achutyanandan! I had asked him in New Delhi how CPIM would sustain the party line to project the dalit queen as Next prime Minister candidate with apotential risk to lose support base among the Caste Hindu communities in Bengal as well as Kerala! Anilda dismissed the assumption as internal politics of Kearal Unit and claimed that the Party strongly supports the master stroke of Prakash Karat!

He further defended the CPIM party Line of third front knowing my reservations about the idea!

I asked him his reaction on Chiranjivi launching a new party in Andhra where the Left is divided to chalk out new strategy in a scenario with new political equations. He anticipated the following questions and avoided to comment on. I understand his problem until the party decides its strategy!

Anil sarkar could not comment on Nepal situation as well. he could not welcome a Maoist Prime Minister in Nepal.

But Anil sarkar spoke on launching a united Black Untouchable global anti imperialist anti fascist movement immediately. He also supports the Nationality Identity as he has intensified the Mother Language Mission campaign!

He calimed, ` Our people in Tripura supports the Prakash karat Line!’

I did not tell him that the untouchable Tripura may not influence the Bengal and Kerala psyche!

Then he quoted from the speech of Prakash Karat delivered in a dalit convention organised by CPIM recently in Kerala!

Do you know Ranga Naykamma, the Telugu write who has analysed critically `Dias Capital!’

Ranga Nayakamma has written sixty books which include `Ramayana Vishvriksham’!

Ranga Nayakamma believes ,` Marx is compulsory to solve the caste Problem!’

In her latest book on Indian Dalit Movement she raised some very important questions in reference to the role of Dr Baba saheb Ambedkar!

The questions are as follows:

(A)Do we find a Scientific and historical analysis in the works and philosophy of Dr Ambedkar?

(Are the thoughts of Dr Ambedkar helpful enough to solve the Caste Problems and do they break the way of dalit liberation?

(C)Do the Abedkarites of Modern times involved in dalit Movement follow the Path of Dr Ambedkar?

(D) Is the Conversion is only way out to resist Hindutva? Is there any solution of complex Social Realities in In Indian society in Buddhism?

(E) Is Dr Ambedkar`s criticism of Marxism is based on logic?

(F) Did Dr Ambedkar studied Marxism seriously enough? Did he not spoilt his precious time to study Indian Mythology and Holy Books which sustain the caste system?

Well, she did not ask his credibility to lead a national Indigenous Movement as he never did try to address nationality problem! His failure to mobilise the ST and OBC is also not analysed properly.

But Ranga Nayakamma outlines well the achievements of Dr Ambedkar which we dare not to neglect.

Which are those achievements?

(A)Struggle against caste system is not new. But Dr Ambedkar was the first person who drew global attention to the Inhuman caste system and untouchability.

(We are fortunate that a man like Dr Ambedkar headed the drafting committe of Indian constitution. Dr Ambedkar is the only man responsible to introduce Reservation in Indian constitution to provide equal opportunity of empowerment to the depressed communities known as untouchables.

(C) More over, it was no less a personality than Dr Ambedkar himself, who exposed so called Mahatma, Mohan Das Karam Chand Gandhi and Congress, the best Agents of Hindutva and Indian fascism.

(D) Then, Dr Ambedkar tried his best not only to abolish the cursed Caste System but he also wanted to destroy the Manusmriti Rule, the brahminical Hegemony!

(E)Dr Ambedkar could not do away with Cast System in Hinduism and he opted to convert in Buddhism.

Ranga Nayakamma criticises Dr Ambedkar that he could not oppose the superstitions in Buddhism where as he could expose the Myths and superstitions in Hinduism very well with surgical precision.

I agree with Ranga Nayakamma when she concludes that Dalit Liberation and Reservation may not help each other. Continuation of Reservation never would make any way for Dalit liberation.

I assess the study as an objective realisation that Dr Ambedkar did not study well the Indigenous communities as productive forces and the indigenous production system as a whole.

Nuclear Power short-lists 4 suppliers for reactors

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CPI(M) will fight atrocities against Dalits, says Karat

Special Correspondent

It is now prioritising mobilisation of Dalits for this fight

— Photo: Vipin Chandran

CPI (M) General Secretary Prakash Karat, Kerala Chief Minister V.S. Achuthanandan and State Party Secretary Pinarayi Vijayan at the Dalit Convention organised at Kochi on Saturday.

KOCHI: Communist Party of India (Marxist) general secretary Prakash Karat said on Saturday that the CPI(M) would step up the fight against caste-based discrimination and atrocities against Dalits across the country.

Declaring open the Dalit convention here, he referred to the caste segregation at Uthapuram in Madurai district of Tamil Nadu and said the CPI (M)’s intervention there had helped in breaking the nine-foot wall that had cut off Dalits’ access.

A survey by the party had shown that acute forms of discrimination existed in Tamil villages. Such oppression took place in Rajasthan, Maharashtra, and other places on a day-to-day basis and that was why the CPI (M) was now prioritising mobilisation of Dalits to fight against caste discrimination. The 19th party congress had mandated such a struggle.

He pointed out that the Dalits were the worst-affected by the globalisation-liberalisation policy as millions of traditional workers such as weavers, farmhands and fishermen had been deprived of their livelihoods. The CPI (M) stood for reservation of jobs for the SCs and STs in the private sector as well as for earmarking a certain percentage of seats in private higher-education institutions. Because of the government’s policy of downsizing, the public sector was shrinking leading to the shrinking of Dalits’ job opportunities too. Noting that the privatisation of public sector units reduced the number of reserved jobs, Mr. Karat asked the UPA government to ensure that when PSUs were privatised, the SC-ST quota should be continued in the privatised unit.

He contended that since many private units were heavily subsidised in the form of cheap power, tax holidays and infrastructural assistance, they were not exactly `private’ and that the State had a stake in them. In view of this, the government should ensure that these firms complied with the statutory SC-ST reservation.

Mr. Karat, however, stressed that reservation could be a temporary relief and for a permanent solution to the Dalit discrimination, basic social transformation was essential. It was because of the Communist movement and the work of social reformers that the Dalits’ condition was far better in Kerala than in any other State. The atrocities against the Dalits as witnessed in Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu would never take place in Kerala, which had in the past been the venue of the worst form of untouchability and Dalit oppression, Mr. Karat said.

The CPI(M)’s organising the Dalit meet has been flayed by its political opponents saying the party was straying from its traditional ‘class struggle’ theory and that it was trying to create a Dalit vote bank.

http://www.hindu.com/2008/08/17/stories/2008081758991000.htm

A. Shaikmohideen

A file picture of one of the reactors at Koodankulam in Tamil Nadu.–

Anil Sasi

New Delhi, Aug. 17 With the prospects of India’s access to global nuclear reactor technology brightening, Westinghouse Electric Company (AP1000 series of reactors), GE-Hitachi (ABWR reactor series) , Areva (1,000 MW European pressurised reactors) and the Russia’s atomic energy agency Rosatom (VVER 1,000 reactors) are among the frontrunners for new projects planned across the country.

State-owned Nuclear Power Corporation of India Ltd (NPCIL) – the monopoly nuclear power generator – has tentatively short-listed these four major reactor manufacturers based on “suitability” of technical parameters for placement of orders that will form the first phase of the Centre’s plan to build 40,000 MW of nuclear capacity by 2020, Government sources indicated.

Nuke Parks

Once nuclear trade commences, NPCIL hopes to set up “Nuclear Parks” or reactor clusters, for which four coastal sites have been identified across Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, Orissa and West Bengal.

These “parks” are being envisaged with a capacity of housing up to eight reactors of 1,000 MW each at a single location. The orders would initially be placed for around two reactors of 1,000 MW at each of the locations, following which more reactors could be added .

“The model would be on the lines of the Koodankulam project, where two 1,000 MW reactors were initially set up and subsequently the site is being expanded to accommodate more reactors,” an official said.

Officials hinted at the preference for Russian and French reactor technology since the Indian Government has already been engaging with them.

Russian VVER reactors are already being deployed at Koodankulam in Tamil Nadu, while the Jaitapur site in Maharashtra was earmarked by the DAE for possible project collaboration with the French Government.

NSG meeting

With the India-specific safeguards agreement already cleared by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), a special session of the Nuclear Suppliers Group – the 45-member nation cartel that controls nuclear commerce – to begin discussing the US-India deal is scheduled for August 21, with at least two sessions likely to be needed to reach an agreement on an exemption for India.

Indian utilities such as NPCIL would technically be in a position to engage with global suppliers once the NSG exemption is through, though the Indo-US deal would still be required to go back for an up-down vote at the US Congress.

A senior Department of Atomic Energy (DAE) official told Business Line that the country would like to keep its options open on the choice of reactor types at present, with practically all global reactor manufacturers making a beeline for India in the light of the opportunities that could open up.

“Cost specifications and safety parameters would form the two foremost parameters for the selection of the foreign equipment suppliers for future projects,” the official said. Foreign reactor suppliers are, however, unlikely to be allowed to own equity in the projects in the first phase, officials said.

To double capacity

0 India has 17 nuclear power plants with a total installed capacity of 4,120 MW in operation. Six additional units, with a capacity of 3,160 MW, are under various stages of construction.

If nuclear trade with global players opens up, the Centre, which was originally targeting 20,000 MW of nuclear power by 2020, hopes to double nuclear capacity addition to achieve an installed capacity of 40,000 MW over the next 12 years.

According to US-India Business Council estimates, at least $100 billion (about Rs 400,000 crore) worth of investment will be needed to develop nuclear energy in India over the next 20 years.

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http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/2008/08/18/stories/2008081851400100.htm

Farm debt waiver: PSBs seek interest

K.R.Srivats

New Delhi, Aug 17

Public sector banks (PSBs) have placed a new claim on the Central Government for their successful implementation of the farm debt waiver and debt relief scheme in a record time.

Besides fully compensating them for the amount waived off and the relief granted, they also want the Government to pay interest on the amount involved.

It is learnt that some of the chief executives of the PSBs had at their recent meeting with the Finance Minister, Mr P. Chidambaram, suggested that the interest should be calculated from the date of announcement of the scheme, i.e. from February 29, when the Union Budget was announced, till the date of write-off.

Data with the Finance Ministry show that the PSBs had written off about Rs 25,357.56 crore towards farm debt waiver and Rs 5,314.54 crore towards debt relief scheme.

“We are asking for interest from the day of announcement of the debt waiver scheme as from that day, these accounts stopped yielding incomes for us,” a PSB chief executive said.

Co-op banks, RRBs

After PSBs, cooperative banks and regional rural banks (RRBs) played a major role in the farm debt waiver scheme. Under the scheme, cooperative banks and RRBs had written off Rs 28,802.91 crore towards farm debt waiver and Rs 6,565.41 crore towards debt relief scheme.

The Government is likely to provide for some compensation to the PSBs for the debt waiver scheme during the first batch of supplementary demands for grants when the monsoon session resumes.

http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/2008/08/18/stories/2008081851280100.htm

Private sector investments in key sectors sharply down

D. Sampathkumar

Chennai, Aug. 17 The number of projects initiated in 2007-08, by the private corporate sector for implementation, in key sectors such as petroleum, sugar, textiles etc. is sharply down as against the previous year, a study by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) reveals.

In its latest monthly bulletin (August 2008), the RBI says that as against 258 projects expected to cost around Rs 26,000 crore taken up in 2006-07, the number has come down to 128 with the projected investment pegged at Rs 10,700 crore.

Ironically, the development comes in the face of textile enterprises seeing a slight improvement in export prospects with problems plaguing the Chinese industry and units in other countries with which India competes in the global markets, as this paper reported in its edition dated August 17, 2008.

Similar tale

It is a similar tale in other sectors as well with both the number and project costs scaled down sharply. However, metals and hotel industries have shown buoyancy. (See Table).

The waning corporate interest in committing fresh investments is evident from another piece of statistics published by the RBI for 2007-08.

Such investments overall, which have shown a consistent rising trend in recent years, is flat for the first time in the year just gone by compared to the immediate previous year.

From a figure of close to Rs 73,000 crore in 2003-04, the projected fresh investments in 2006-07 had gone up nearly four fold at Rs 2,83,440 crore. But the subsequent year sees the private corporate sector investing only Rs 2,84,371 crore - a clear decline in real terms if inflation is taken into account over the project implementation period (See Table).

Worrisome feature

Another worrisome feature evident from the RBI data is that the entrepreneurial base is also shrinking with fewer new projects being taken up, but involving bigger-ticket investments to make up the higher value. For instance, it took roughly 1,054 new projects to notch up a figure of Rs 2,83,440 crore in 2006-07.

But nearly the same project size ( Rs 2,84,371 crore) was reached with nearly 150 fewer projects (910, to be exact) in 2007-08.

As the RBI data make it clear, the private corporate sector’s overwhelming focus on infrastructure projects such power, telecom, ports, airports, roads etc. while boosting up the numbers simultaneously masks the declining business fundamentals in others sectors where fewer projects are coming up.

Indeed, infrastructure which accounted for only a third of new projects in 2005-06 now constitutes close to half the value of fresh investments committed by the private sector.

Of particular interest is the growth in the number and project values of Special Economic Zones (SEZs) and IT parks which have seen a ten-fold increase in the value of investments. Promoters have clearly been able to persuade financial institutions to discount political risks while backing these projects.

More Stories on : Economy | New Projects | RBI & Other Central Banks

Article E-Mail :: Comment :: Syndication :: Printer Friendly Page

http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/2008/08/18/stories/2008081851380100.htm

Sify Buddhadeb invites Mamata for talks on Singur issue
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MNCs seeking HR firms’ help to ‘outplace’ employees

Moumita Bakshi Chatterjee
K. Bharat Kumar

New Delhi/Chennai, Aug. 17 IT companies are now roping in HR firms for ‘outplacement services’ to help workers, who have been asked to leave, to find new jobs.

Outplacement is gathering momentum with the US slowdown casting a cloud on hiring, and delay in client decisions forcing companies to cull jobs and weed out non-performers from the rolls, “Outplacement service is a global practice, but in recent times we have seen MNCs adopting it in India.

The demand for such services has picked up steam since the beginning of 2008 and we have offered ‘outplacement assistance’ to three MNCs for almost 250 employees,” Mr Kris Lakshmikanth, Chief Executive Officer and Managing Director of Head Hunters India, said.

He said that his firm offers resume and interview assistance, career counselling and placement services to candidates affected by lay-offs.

Likewise, Ms Saundarya Rajesh, CEO of Chennai-based Avtar Career Creators, pointed out that company is seeing a rise in requests from IT and BPO companies to ‘outplace’ employees.

“We have received profiles of between 1,000 and 1,200 employees in the last three months, and this has been initiated by the HR departments of companies in the IT and BPO space,” she added. These profiles have come from about three-four companies to Avtar.

Different ways

Ms Rajesh adds, “After specifically communicating to employees that the company cannot retain them anymore, HR chiefs typically contact recruitment firms for help.” In these cases, employees can take leave and continue to get paid as they hunt for other jobs.

Interestingly, in certain cases, HR departments circulate the resumes in the market without necessarily communicating that to the employees and quietly welcome departures resulting from the move.

At times, the company that has given the mandate to the outplacement firm pays the latter for its services (in addition, the recruitment firm also charges the new employer for the placement).

“However, that is not an industry norm as yet, and in most instances, the recruitment firm gets paid by the new employer after the candidate is successfully placed,” says Mr Rishi Das, CEO of CareerNet Consulting, a company which has taken up six ‘outplacement assignments’ since August 2007, involving nearly 400 employees.

However, Mr Das feels that it is not as if IT and BPO companies are ‘downsizing’.

‘It’s right sizing’

“IT companies were hiring aggressively earlier but given the brisk pace of business, they were unable to let go of the bottom 10 per cent workforce despite the fact that such employees did not pass the performance muster.

That is changing now — with the US slowdown affecting new projects, companies are taking stock, weeding out non-performers and then recruiting afresh to bridge the shortfall,” he said.

Also in some cases, mergers and acquisitions are leading to duplication of processes and functions, prompting companies to hand out pink slips.

Layoffs are also coming from start-ups who were operating on a limited number of projects, he said, adding that his company had offered assistance to three such companies.

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Employee referrals dispel hiring blues

More Stories on : Information Technology | Human Resources

Article E-Mail :: Comment :: Syndication :: Printer Friendly Page

http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/2008/08/18/stories/2008081851270100.htm

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Berhampore, Aug 18: Blaming the CPI(M) for its "misleading propaganda" on the Indo-US nuclear deal, External Affairs Minister Pranab Mukherjee on Monday said nuclear power was needed to meet energy requirements of the country.

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History of China
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The recorded history of China began in the 15th century BC when the Shang Dynasty started to use markings that evolved into the present Chinese characters. Turtle shells with markings reminiscent of ancient Chinese writing from the Shang Dynasty have been carbon dated to as early as 1500 BC.[1] Chinese civilization originated with city-states in the Yellow River (Huang He) valley. 221 BC is commonly accepted to be the year in which China became unified under a large kingdom or empire. In that year, Qin Shi Huang first united China. Successive dynasties in Chinese history developed bureaucratic systems that enabled the Emperor of China to control increasingly larger territory that reached maximum under the Mongolian Yuan Dynasty and Manchurian Qing Dynasty.

The conventional view of Chinese history is that of a country alternating between periods of political unity and disunity and occasionally becoming dominated by foreign peoples, most of whom were assimilated into the Han Chinese population. Cultural and political influences from many parts of Asia, carried by successive waves of immigration, expansion, and assimilation, merged to create the Chinese culture.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_China

Maoism
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Maoism, variably and officially known as Mao Zedong Thought (traditional Chinese: ?????; simplified Chinese: ?????; pinyin: Máo Zédong Sixiang), is a variant of Marxism derived from the teachings of the late Chinese leader Mao Zedong (Wade-Giles Romanization: "Mao Tse-tung"), widely applied as the political and military guiding ideology in the Communist Party of China (CPC) from Mao's ascendancy to its leadership until the inception of Deng Xiaoping Theory and Chinese economic reforms in 1978. It is also applied internationally in contemporary times. Maoist organizations exist in Peru, India, and most prominently, Nepal. Its basic tenets include a revolutionary struggle of the vast majority of people termed a People's War involving peasants, and its military strategies essentially involved guerrilla war tactics focused on surrounding the cities from the countryside with a non-professional, popular armed forces.

In its post-revolutionary period, Mao Zedong Thought is defined in the CPC's Constitution as "Marxism-Leninism applied in a Chinese context", synthesized by Mao Zedong and China's first-generation leaders. It provided the CPC's first comprehensive theoretical guideline with regards to how to continue socialist revolution, the creation of a socialist society, socialist military construction, and highlights various contradictions in society to be addressed by what is termed "socialist construction". The ideology survives in name today on the Communist Party's Constitution; it is described as the guiding thought that created "new China" and a revolutionary concept against imperialism and feudalism.[1]

Maoism generally discredits the socialist framework of the Soviet Union under Nikita Khrushchev and dismisses it as Communist revisionism. Some critics claim that Maoists see Joseph Stalin as the last true socialist leader of the Soviet Union, although allowing the Maoist assessments of Stalin vary between the extremely positive and the more ambivalent.[2] whereas some political philosophers have seen in Maoism an attempt to combine Confucianism and Socialism - what one such called 'a third way between communism and capitalism' [3]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maoism

Mao Zedong
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Mao" redirects here. For other uses, see Mao (disambiguation).
This is a Chinese name; the family name is ? (Mao).
Mao Zedong

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Chairman of the Communist Party of China
In office
1945 – 1976
Preceded by Zhang Wentian
Succeeded by Hua Guofeng

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1st Chairman of the People's Republic of China
In office
1954 – 1959
Preceded by None
Succeeded by Liu Shaoqi

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Born December 26, 1893(1893-12-26)
Hunan, Great Qing
Died September 9, 1976 (aged 82)
Beijing, People's Republic of China
Nationality Chinese
Political party Communist Party of China
Spouse Yang Kaihui (1920–1930)
He Zizhen (1930–1937)
Jiang Qing (1939–1976)
Religion Atheist
Mao Zedong pronunciation (help·info) (Simplified Chinese: ???; Traditional Chinese: ???; Pinyin: Máo Zédong; Wade-Giles: Mao Tse-tung); December 26, 1893–September 9, 1976 was a Chinese military and political leader who led the Communist Party of China (CPC) to victory against the Kuomintang (KMT) in the Chinese Civil War, and was the leader of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) from its establishment in 1949 until his death in 1976.

Regarded as one of the most important figures in modern world history,[1] and named by Time Magazine as one of the 100 most influential people of the 20th century,[2] Mao is still a controversial figure today, over thirty years after his death. He is generally held in high regard in China where he is often portrayed as a great revolutionary and strategist who eventually defeated Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek in the Chinese Civil War, and transformed the country into a major power through his policies. However, many of Mao's socio-political programs such as the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution are blamed by critics from both within and outside China for causing severe damage to the culture, society, economy and foreign relations of China, as well as the deaths of 44.5 to 72 million people.[3] The majority of these deaths were result of famine, and his direct involvement remains controversial[citation needed].

Although still officially venerated in China, his influence has been largely overshadowed by the political and economic reforms of Deng Xiaoping and other leaders since his death.[4][5] Mao is also recognized as a poet and calligrapher.[6]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mao_Zedong

China`s official name is People`s Republic of China.

The Chinese Parliament is the People`s parliament.

The Chinese army is called People`s liberation Army.

The Newspaper is named as People`s daily.

China has successfully sent a message to the rest of the world that the Beijing Olympics happens to be an affair of the People from the word Go! And it is contrary to worldwide media speculations!

Beijing Olympics has sent the message to the Resistance Worldwide that the Corporate US Imperialism and Post Modern Galaxy Manusmriti Apartheid Hindu Zionist White world order are not the final words predestined!

I dare to pronounce my friends that this event is going to be proved an effective Act of Anti Imperialism Movement worldwide.

They declared, ` History is dead!’

Has China disassociated from its roots? It`s History? It`s legacy? It`s tradition? It`s Philosophy?
They have concluded,`Ideology is dead!’

Is it?

China is no more a Forbidden land , true!

China has signed the Nuke Deal, true!

True is the Tibetan Insurrection!

It is also true that China has opted for Open Market and it has made it`s way in globalisation ways?

Economic Times reports from BEIJING: Activists wrapped themselves in Tibetan flags on Saturday and lay down in Tiananmen Square in a protest that was angrily rejected by Chinese onlookers who followed the group and shouted ``Get out!”

It is also true!

We may not deny the objective realism of Tiananmen Square and the Massacre associated!

We know the history of cultural revolution.

They claim that China has opted for Capitalism!

Is it?

China has not departed from Socialism, Beijing Olympics has expressed it very well with perfect Ten exposure of Human Resources full of people`s Power and almost secure disciplined Nationalism! Technology is there but Human Formation s was the last word in the Opening ceremony!

Long Live Mao! Long live Maoism!

Is not the message after all?

They declared , ` Genre is dead! Culture is dead! Literature is dead’!

They could say so after the demise of USSR! Was USSR intact before disintegration! Did it represent the World communist Movement and the inherent Internationalism? Did USSR continue the burning questions of Nationality?

What was cold war, then?

Was not it a Blind Arm Race? A dogfight for dominance in the sky? What accommodated the Star wars?

Did USSR respect its Human Resources as China does? I am asserting these words and I am aware of the SEZ drive in China. i am aware of the Peasants` Insurrections in China! I am also aware of the growth of Capitalism in china. But the fact remains, China tried its best to streamline it`s indigenous production system and economy what was never done in USSR.

What about the socialist Imperialism represented by USSR to encounter USA? What has been the result? What about the role of USSR in Middle East? In Palestine? In Iran? In Iraq? And finally in Afghanistan?

What has been the role of USSR in East Europe? In South Asia?
In third world countries? Was not USSR converted the nation into a War Economy as USA has done? If the War economy has disintegrated USSR, would it spare the United State of America?

I am afraid that the foreign ministries in Third world countries, the leaders and policy makers and our most revered Post Modern Intelligentsia have not cared enough to address these Unpleasnt questions and linked Socialism to the failure of USSR! They never dared to link the demise of USSR to the fall of Nazis, decay of British empire and future of USA!

China has never tried to emerge as a Super Power! It never aspired to have alliance with Zionist White imperialism and the Global ruling Class. It is opposed to apartheid!China is not sick with inherent inequality and injustice as we Indian are! Rather China has the spices of India Origin Buddhism with Confucius! We have lost our legacy and history as well as our traditional geopolitics!

China strives for Job opportunities in Mother language and we rape our Mother languages!

China has not bartered away its Natural resources! While we have sold our natural resources and MNCs rule India! We have poisoned our water resources! We have deforested our Himalayas! We have crushed nationalities and Identities! We have launched Indiscriminate industrialisation and urbanisation drive to annihilate indigenous communities!

We have adopted the Russian Model of development and discarded it opting for Neo Liberalism tagged with US Corporate imperialism and virtually have converted the nation as a US Colony. We have now strategic relations with United states of America. But we never tried to study or understand the Chinese Phenomenon! We have neglected the Mighty neighbour and enjoyed either Soviet or US favour to flood the Swiss Bank accounts with Arms Deal anti national!

The India-China Relationship:
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AFP Reports fromLONDON:
The press was united Saturday in declaring the spectacular Beijing Olympics opening ceremony the best ever and a stunning display of China's new-found confidence.

Yet most front pages reflected that as the Olympics opened to scenes of fireworks and brilliantly choreographed dancers in the Chinese capital, conflict broke out in Georgia's breakaway South Ossetia region.

"08.08.08 -- day of war and peace" was the front page headline of The Guardian.

"The ceremony that opened the 29th Olympic Games last night outdid all of its predecessors in numbers, colour, noise and expense, demonstrating to the world that the new China intends to make its presence felt," said the accompanying article.

The Daily Telegraph headlined its front page: "Beijing wows the world... Moscow sends in the tanks".

A second headline, "China marches on to world stage", topped a photograph of hundreds of Chinese dancers wearing feather headdresses to represent the age of Confucius at the opening ceremony.

The paper said China had flexed its muscles to the world leaders in the stadium and to a television audience of billions.

It wrote: "One Olympic ideal -- the separation of sport and politics -- died in the Chinese night.

"This was the choreographed demonstration of might the like of which the Olympics has never seen; a rebuke to George W. Bush and Nicolas Sarkozy, vocal critics of Chinese foreign and domestic policy sitting in the audience."

The tabloid Daily Mail's front page also contrasted the fireworks in Beijing with a photograph of a blazing Georgian tank, but splashed colour photographs of the opening ceremony over six inside pages.

The paper said: "The age of Chinese power dawned in a spellbinding and futuristic curtain-lifter which featured 15,000 different types of costume and 14,000 performers, 9,000 of them on loan from the People's Liberation Army.

It continued: "To say these Games would be a landmark in world politics was no idle claim. Last night proved it."

Hollywood, the paper added, "will study the DVD for years to come and plunder Beijing's visual tricks".

Olympic medal count
Gold Silver Bronze Total
1. China 2 0 0 2
2. United States 1 1 1 3
3. South Korea 1 1 0 2

results.beijing2008.cn

The Official Website of the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games
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People's Republic of China
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For the Chinese civilization, see China.
"PRC" redirects here. For other uses, see PRC (disambiguation).
Not to be confused with Republic of China, commonly known as Taiwan.
The People's Republic of China (simplified Chinese: ???????; traditional Chinese: ???????; pinyin: Zhonghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó listen (help·info)), commonly known as China, is the largest country in East Asia with Beijing as its capital city. It is a single-party socialist republic comprising of twenty-two provinces, five autonomous regions, four municipalities, and two Special Administrative Regions.
The country is vast, stretching for 5,000 km across the East Asian landmass, and has a diverse landscape. In the north, near China's borders with Mongolia and Russia's Siberia, the Gobi Desert and forest steppes dominate the dry expanse while lush subtropical forests grow along its southern borders with Vietnam, Laos, and Myanmar. The terrain in the west is rugged and high altitude with the Himalayas and the Tian Shan mountain ranges forming China's natural borders with India and Central Asia. In contrast, China's eastern seaboard is low-lying and has a 14,500-km long coastline bounded on the southeast by the South China Sea and on the east by the East China Sea beyond which lies Korea and Japan. At 9.6 million km2 and with more than 1.3 billion people (a fifth of humanity), the People's Republic of China (PRC) is the third or fourth largest country by area and the most populous in the world.[4]

The fertile region along the Yellow River that flows through the North China Plain is home to the ancient Chinese civilization - one of the world's earliest. For the past 4000 years, China was ruled by hereditary monarchs or dynasties beginning with the Xia until the Qing that finally ended in 1911. The first half of the 20th century saw China plunged into a period of disunity and civil wars that divided the country into two main political camps - the Nationalist Kuomintang (KMT) and the Communist Party of China (CPC). The war ended in 1949 with the establishment of the People's Republic in mainland China by the victorious Communists while the retreating Nationalists set up the Republic of China (ROC) on Taiwan. As of 2008, the PRC is still involved in a dispute with the ROC over issues of sovereignty and the political status of Taiwan.

The PRC is a major power[5][6] holding a permanent seat on the UN Security Council and memberships in APEC, East Asia Summit, and Shanghai Cooperation Organization. China is a nuclear state as well as having the world's largest standing army and fourth largest defense budget. It is a fast-growing economic power[7][8][9][10] having the world's fourth largest GDP in nominal terms or second largest in purchasing power and consuming as much as a third of the world's steel and over a half of its concrete.[11] China is also the world's second largest exporter[12] and the third largest importer.[13] Since the introduction of market-based economic reforms in 1978, poverty rate in China has gone down from 53% to 8% by 2001.[14] However, China is now faced with a number of other economic problems including a rapidly ageing population, a widening rural-urban income gap, and rapid environmental degradation.[15

Foreign relations
Main article: Foreign relations of the People's Republic of China

Hu Jintao with US President George W. Bush.The People's Republic of China maintains diplomatic relations with most major countries in the world. Sweden was the first western country to establish diplomatic relations with the People's Republic on the ninth of May 1950.[29] In 1971, the PRC replaced the Republic of China as the sole representative of China in the United Nations and as one of the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council.[30] It is considered a founding member of the UN, though the PRC was not in control of China at the time. The PRC was also a former member and leader of the Non-Aligned Movement.
Under its interpretation of the One-China policy, the PRC has made it a precondition to establishing diplomatic relations that the other country acknowledges its claim to Taiwan and severs official ties with the Republic of China (ROC) government. The government opposes publicized foreign travels by former and present Taiwanese officials promoting Taiwan's independence, such as Lee Teng-hui and Chen Shui-bian, and other politically controversial figures, such as Tenzin Gyatso, the Dalai Lama of Tibetan Buddhism, in an official context.
China has been playing an increasing role in calling for free trade areas and security pacts amongst its Asia-Pacific neighbors. In 2004, China proposed an entirely new East Asia Summit (EAS) framework as a forum for regional security issues that pointedly excluded the United States.[31] The EAS, which includes ASEAN Plus Three, India, Australia and New Zealand, held its inaugural summit in 2005. China is also a founding member of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), with Russia and the Central Asian republics.
Much of the current foreign policy is based on the concept of China's peaceful rise. Conflicts with foreign countries have occurred at times in its recent history, particularly with the United States; e.g., the U.S. bombing of the Chinese embassy in Belgrade during the Kosovo conflict in May 1999 and the U.S.-China spy plane incident in April 2001. Its foreign relations with many Western nations suffered for a time following the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989, though they have since recovered. The relationship between China and Japan has been strained at times by Japan's refusal to acknowledge its war-time past to the satisfaction of the PRC, e.g. revisionist comments made by prominent Japanese officials and in some Japanese history textbooks. Another point of conflict between the two countries is the frequent visits by Japanese government officials to the Yasukuni Shrine. However, Sino-Japanese relations have warmed considerably since Shinzo Abe became the new Japanese Prime Minister in September 2006. A joint historical study to be completed by 2008 of WWII atrocities is being conducted by China and Japan.
Equally bordering the most countries in the world alongside Russia, the PRC was in a number of international territorial disputes. China's territorial disputes have led to localized wars in the last 50 years, including the Sino-Indian War in 1962, the Sino-Soviet border conflict in 1969 and the Sino-Vietnamese War in 1979. In 2001, the PRC and Russia signed the Sino-Russian Treaty of Friendship,[32] which paved the way in 2004 for Russia to transfer Yinlong Island as well as one-half of Heixiazi to China, ending a long-standing Sino-Russian border dispute. Other territorial disputes include islands in the East and South China Seas, and undefined or disputed borders with India, Tajikistan and North Korea.
While accompanying a rapid economic rise, the PRC since the 1990s seeks to maintain a policy of quiet diplomacy with its neighbors. Steadying its economic growth and participating in regional organizations and cultivating bi-lateral relations will ease suspicion over China's burgeoning military capabilities. The PRC has started a policy of wooing African nations for trade and bilateral co-operations.[33]

Population policy
Main article: One-child policy

Population of China from 1961-2003With a population of over 1.3 billion, the PRC is very concerned about its population growth and has attempted, with mixed results,[34] to implement a strict family planning policy. The government's goal is one child per family, with exceptions for ethnic minorities and flexibility in rural areas, where a family can have a second child if the first is a girl or physically disabled. The government's goal is to stabilize population growth early in the twenty-first century, though some projections estimate a population of anywhere ranging from 1.4 billion to 1.6 billion by 2025. Hence the country's family planning minister has indicated that China will maintain its one-child policy until at least the year 2018.[35]
The policy is resisted, particularly in rural areas, because of the need for agricultural labor and a traditional preference for boys. Families who breach the policy often lie during the census.[36] Official government policy opposes forced sterilization or abortion, but allegations of coercion continue as local officials, who are faced with penalties for failing to curb population growth, may resort to forced abortion or sterilization, or manipulation of census figures.
The decreasing reliability of PRC population statistics since family planning began in the late 1970s has made evaluating the effectiveness of the policy difficult.[37] Estimates by Chinese demographers of the average number of children for a Chinese woman vary from 1.5 to 2.0. The government is particularly concerned with the large imbalance in the sex ratio at birth, apparently the result of a combination of traditional preference for boys, and family planning pressure, which led to the ban of using ultrasound devices for the purpose of preventing sex-selective abortion.

Human rights
Main article: Human rights in the People's Republic of China

The Unknown Rebel - This famous photo, taken on 5 June 1989 by photographer Jeff Widener, depicts a protester faced by a column of tanks during the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989.While economic and social controls have been greatly relaxed in China since the 1960s, political freedom is still tightly controlled by both central and local governments. The Constitution of the People's Republic of China states that the "fundamental rights" of citizens include freedom of speech, freedom of the press, the right to a fair trial, freedom of religion, universal suffrage, and property rights. However, these provisions do not afford significant protection against criminal prosecution by the State.
Censorship of political speech and information is openly and routinely used to silence criticism of government and the ruling Chinese Communist Party.[38] In particular, press control is notoriously tight: the controversial organization Reporters Without Borders considers the PRC one of the least free countries in the world for the press.[39] The government has a policy of limiting some protests and organizations that it considers a threat to social stability and national unity, as was the case with the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989. The Communist Party has had mixed success at controlling information: a very strong media control system faces very strong market forces, an increasingly educated citizenry and cultural change that are making China more open. In some cases, especially on environmental issues,[40][41] China's leaders see expressions of public dissatisfaction as a catalyst for positive change.
A number of foreign governments and NGOs routinely criticize the PRC, alleging widespread human rights violations including systematic use of lengthy detention without trial, forced confessions, torture, mistreatment of prisoners, restrictions of freedom of speech, assembly, association, religion, the press, and labor rights.[38] China leads the world in capital punishment, accounting for roughly 90% of total executions in 2004.[42] Human rights issues are one of the factors driving independence movements in Tibet and Xinjiang. In the Reporters Without Borders' Annual World Press Freedom Index of 2005,[39] the PRC ranked 159 out of 167 places. PRC journalist He Qinglian in her 2004 book Media Control in China[43] documents government controls on the Internet and other media in China.
The PRC government has responded by arguing that the notion of human rights should take into account a country's present level of economic development, and focus more on the people's rights to subsistence and development in poorer countries.[44] The rise in the standard of living, literacy and life expectancy for the average Chinese in the last three decades is seen by the government as tangible progress made in human rights.[45] Efforts in the past decade to combat deadly natural disasters, such as the perennial Yangtze River floods, and work-related accidents are also portrayed in China as progress in human rights for a still largely poor country.[44]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People's_Republic_of_China

Republic of China
Main article: History of the Republic of China
Frustrated by the Qing court's resistance to reform and by China's weakness, young officials, military officers, and students—inspired by the revolutionary ideas of Sun Yat-sen (???,???)—began to advocate the overthrow of the Qing Dynasty and creation of a republic.
Slavery in China was abolished in 1910,[24] although the practice apparently still continues unofficially in some regions.[25][26]
A revolutionary military uprising, the Wuchang Uprising, began on October 10, 1911 in Wuhan (??,??). The provisional government of the Republic of China (????,????) was formed in Nanjing on March 12, 1912 with Sun Yat-sen as President, but Sun was forced to turn power over to Yuan Shikai (???), who commanded the New Army and was Prime Minister under the Qing government, as part of the agreement to let the last Qing monarch abdicate (a decision he would later regret). Yuan Shikai proceeded in the next few years to abolish the national and provincial assemblies and declared himself emperor in 1915. Yuan's imperial ambitions were fiercely opposed by his subordinates, and faced with the prospect of rebellion, Yuan abdicated and died shortly afterwards in 1916, leaving a power vacuum in China. His death left the republican government all but shattered, ushering the warlord era when China was ruled by shifting coalitions of competing provincial military leaders.
In 1919, the May Fourth Movement (????,????) began as a response to the insult imposed on China by the Treaty of Versailles ending World War I, but quickly became a protest movement about the domestic situation in China. The discrediting of liberal Western philosophy amongst Chinese intellectuals was followed by the adoption of more radical lines of thought. This in turn planted the seeds for the irreconcilable conflict between the left and right in China that would dominate Chinese history for the rest of the century.
In the 1920s, Sun Yat-Sen established a revolutionary base in south China, and set out to unite the fragmented nation. With Soviet assistance, he entered into an alliance with the fledgling Communist Party of China (CPC, ?????,?????). After Sun's death from cancer in 1925, one of his protégés, Chiang Kai-shek (???,???), seized control of the Kuomintang (Nationalist Party or KMT, ???,???) and succeeded in bringing most of south and central China under its rule in a military campaign known as the Northern Expedition (??). Having defeated the warlords in south and central China by military force, Chiang was able to secure the nominal allegiance of the warlords in the North. In 1927, Chiang turned on the CPC and relentlessly chased the CPC armies and its leaders from their bases in southern and eastern China. In 1934, driven from their mountain bases such as the Chinese Soviet Republic (????????,????????), the CPC forces embarked on the Long March (??,??) across China's most desolate terrain to the northwest, where they established a guerrilla base at Yan'an in Shanxi Province (??????).
During the Long March, the communists reorganized under a new leader, Mao Zedong (Mao Tse-tung, ???,???). The bitter struggle between the KMT and the CPC continued, openly or clandestinely, through the 14-year long Japanese invasion (1931-1945), even though the two parties nominally formed a united front to oppose the Japanese invaders in 1937, during the Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945) portion of World War II. The war between the two parties resumed following the Japanese defeat in 1945. By 1949, the CPC occupied most of the country. (see Chinese Civil War)
Chiang Kai-shek fled with the remnants of his government to Taiwan in 1949 and his Nationalist Party would control the island as well as a few neighboring islands until democratic elections in the early 1990s. Since then, the political status of Taiwan has always been under dispute.

[edit] Present
Main article: History of the People's Republic of China
See also: People's Republic of China and Political status of Taiwan
With the proclamation of the People's Republic of China (PRC) (???????,???????) on October 1, 1949, Taiwan was again politically separated from mainland China. However, the actual political and legal status of Taiwan is disputed. Since the 1990s, the Republic of China government that governs Taiwan along with associated islands as well as some small islands off the coast of Fujian has been pushing to gain greater international recognition, while the People's Republic of China opposes involvement by third parties, and insists that foreign relations not deviate from the One-China policy.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_China

The Gulag Archipelago

Troubled Galaxy Destroyed Dreams: Chapter 38

Palash Biswas
http://troubledgalaxydetroyeddreams.blogspot.com/

Alexander Solzhenitsyn, the Nobel Prize-winning author who exposed the horrors of Soviet-era labor camps, was buried today at the Donskoi Monastery in Moscow in a state funeral attended by President Dmitry Medvedev.

Solzhenitsyn never represented the Great Rusian tradition of Literature we knew.

We may not compare him with Russian gretas like Dostovosky, Tolstoy or Gorky.

He was quite different in content as well as style. We never could digest the bitterness of Truth he showcased so well!Neither we could neglect him. What we did ? We read Solzhenitsyn and right and right rejected him as an US agent in literature! It happened with Pastarnac as well as Sholokhov! We never tried to look into the Concentration camps! We considered that we were amidst the mainstream! Which proved nothing but an Illusion , far from reality!

I had gone through Soviet classics like `Mother’ by Maxim Gorky and `War and Peace’ by Leo Tolstoy in my school days thanks to Chhoto Kaka. During first year of my undergraduate college life in DSB College Nainital, our studies were closely monitored by Tara Chandra Tripathi. We had to read Aristotle and Socrates, Hobbs,Lock and Russeau, Adam smith, Hegel, Charbak,Chanakya and all basic theories and philosophies. We had to go through the vast volumes of Das Capital as well as `Psychoanalysis’ and `Psychology of Sex. Then, we had separate list in our study circles which included Howard Frost and Julius Fuchik. In those days, we were assigned a course of systematic study of Soviet Literature from Dostoevsky to Alexander Couperin, Chekhov to Mayakovasky. Thus, I read The Gulag Archipelago by Solzhenitsyn just after we finished Dr Zhivago by Boris Pasternak and have already enjoyed the films like `War and Peace’ as well as ` Dr Zhivago’.After Solzhenitsyn we read Sholokhov. We had a long journey from River Moscova to river Done!

I have to wear the spects once again which I discarded years back. In Nainital, while I was a student in GIC, I was suggested by the doctors of Sitapur Eye hospital to use spects for my studies. I neglected as I always hated spects!

In Kolkata, doctors diagnosed diabetes in 1999. The immediate security measure was to adopt spects. I used spects some time as everyone suggested how I would be losing vision very soon. I came over the fear factor very soon and spects were the first thing which I threw away with most hatred. Nowadays, I feel giddy so soon and had been virtually unable to read any book. Though, I feel at home with my PC., it is very hard to go through the smallest fonts used in Newspapers.Thus, I had to opt for spects once again!

The fact remains, so called ideologies happen to be the greatest spects ever invented. We hated George Orwell for his creations `1984’ and `Animal Farm’. Rather we have been admirers of Victor Hugo,Charles Dickens and Hemingway! We preferred to read Les Miserables to the real History of France! `The Old man and the Sea’ always inspired us. We were spellbound to read `Out Sider’ by Camus. We were fans of Sartre as he refused Nobel Prize. But we did read his works, too.

But the Ideological Spects made us so biased! i never cared to read Ambedkar or anything indigenous before settling in Kolkata and bearing the stings of Manusmriti! Rather we sympathised with Black Brotherhood and Anti Apartheid movement led by nelson Mandela. But seldom we tried to understand the social fabrics and indigenous production system in this divided bleeding subcontinent. We depended so much so on the studies made by RC Majumdar, Jadunath Sarkar, A.L.Basam, Romila Thapar, Irphan Habib, Sumit Sarkar, Ramchandra Guha and so on! We never tried to know other versions, specially the indigenous first versions of recent history!

As a student of Shakespeare during my post graduation days, I always wore the ideological spects. Thus, I discarded all the conservative critics like Bradley and David Cecil.I always boasted to read the most of Shakespearean works and banked mostly on French and Russian critics. I had never had an excellent command on language as Dr Manas Mukul Das bluntly used to say. But I could scare anyone with my logic and analysis. In my M.A. previous exams I quoted Dr Ram Vilas Sharma, Boris Pasternak, Dorothy vaugngent, Sartre and Camus which proved disastrous for me as I got just the passing marks, only 36. In the final year, it happened with my Fiction paper in which I tried to be an expert and got only 49. While I got seventies in Poetry and Literary criticism. It wiped out my chances in the most sought career in the universities!

I want to insist a point. We read literature,true. But we were biased to go through the lines. I never read Tagore very seriously and discarded Sharat and Bankim. While Manik was my hero. We loved Tarashankar Bandopadhyaya.

I must admit that I was biased to evaluate the works of Orwell, Pasternak, Solzhenitsyn and Sholokhov. We could not tolerate anything against the Soviets, China, Cuba, Central Europe and the Communist movement.

What we see in India now. The polity is transformed in an Animal Farm! Democratic institutions and fundamental rights along with civic and human rights are inflicted with `1984’!

With the damned Manusmriti, Indian subcontinent has been the largest Gulag for thousands and thousands years and the Society itself inflicted with apartheid and caste system has been the largest concentration camp where 85 percent of population is enslaved for time infinite. We are handicapped with inherent injustice and inequality. I wish, I could read all the literature once again!
The so called anti communist writers have a different meaning for me after we saw the failures of insurrections like Nandigram and Singur to convert into a pure infight in between the Power hegemony and Resistance Hegemony of the Polity. Market is sovereign. Nationalities, identities and mother languages are being destroyed. It is an unlimited concentration camp where all the indigenous people have to be annihilated!

Solzhenitsyn, Nobel Prize Winner, Given State Funeral (Update1)

By Torrey Clark

Aug. 6 (Bloomberg) -- Alexander Solzhenitsyn, the Nobel Prize-winning author who exposed the horrors of Soviet-era labor camps, was buried today at the Donskoi Monastery in Moscow in a state funeral attended by President Dmitry Medvedev.

Solzhenitsyn's widow Natalia and their sons stood by the grave under a chilly, overcast sky. White-gloved soldiers fired a salute. The ceremony, attended by hundreds of mourners, was broadcast live on state television.

The author had appealed to Russian Orthodox Patriarch Alexy II five years ago to be laid to rest in the monastery's cemetery, state television station Vesti-24 said. Solzhenitsyn's grave is next to that of pre-revolutionary historian Vasily Klyuchevsky.

Solzhenitsyn died of heart failure three days ago at the age of 89 after months of ill health. The author, who portrayed dictator Josef Stalin's labor camps and political oppression, was stripped of his Soviet citizenship in 1974, four years after winning the Nobel Prize in Literature at a ceremony he couldn't attend. He lived in Switzerland before moving to the U.S.

Medvedev, who interrupted a working vacation on the Volga River to attend, ordered the government to create scholarships in the author's name and for Moscow to name a street in his honor. Prime Minister Vladimir Putin called for Solzhenitsyn's works to be studied more extensively in schools as ``a vaccination against tyranny for our society,'' Vesti-24 reported.

Political Prisoner

After returning from exile in 1994, Solzhenitsyn became a critic of Russia's first post-communist leader, Boris Yeltsin. He later praised Yeltsin's successor Vladimir Putin, a former KGB officer, for restoring Russia's authority in the world.

Solzhenitsyn, who wrote more than 20 books, drew on his own experience as a political prisoner in his early works, including ``One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich'' and ``The First Circle.'' In 2007, Solzhenitsyn accepted a state award from Putin for outstanding achievement in culture and education.

Medvedev laid red roses on Solzhenitsyn's open casket during the funeral service at the monastery today, as Putin did yesterday during a memorial ceremony at the Russian Academy of Sciences.

Putin yesterday praised Solzhenitsyn for giving ``an example of truly selfless devotion and of unselfish service to the people, the fatherland'' and for championing ``the ideals of freedom, justice and humanism.''

http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601088&sid=a4Yx2EQUza9w&refer=muse

The Gulag Archipelago
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Gulag Archipelago (Russian) is a book by Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn based on the Soviet forced labor and concentration camp system. It is a massive narrative relying on eyewitness testimony and primary research material, as well as the author's own experiences as a prisoner in a Gulag labor camp. Written between 1958 and 1968 (dates given at the end of the book) it was published in the West in 1973, thereafter circulating in samizdat (underground publication) form in the Soviet Union until its official publication in 1989.

"GULag" is an acronym for the Russian term "Chief Administration for Corrective Labor Camps" , the bureaucratic name of the Soviet concentration camp main governing board, and by metonymy, the camp system itself. The original Russian title of the book is "Arkhipelag GULag", the rhyme supporting the underlying metaphor deployed throughout the work. The word archipelago compares the system of labor camps spread across the Soviet Union with a vast "chain of islands", known only to those who were fated to visit them.

Structure and factual basis
Structurally, the text is made up of seven sections divided (in most printed editions) into three volumes: parts 1-2, parts 3-4, and parts 5-7. At one level, the Gulag Archipelago traces the history of the Soviet concentration camp and forced labour system from 1918 to 1956, starting with V.I. Lenin's original decrees shortly after the October Revolution establishing the legal and practical frame for a slave labor economy, and a punitive concentration camp system. It describes and discusses the waves of purges, assembling the show trials in context of the development of the greater GULag system with particular attention to the legal and bureaucratic development.

The legal and historical narrative ends in 1956, the time of Nikita Khrushchev's Secret Speech at the 20th Party Congress of 1956 denouncing Stalin's personality cult, his autocratic power, and the surveillance that pervaded the Stalin era. Though the speech was not published in the USSR for a long time, it was a break with the most atrocious practices of the concentration camp system; Solzhenitsyn was aware, however, that the outlines of the GULag system had survived and could be revived and expanded by future leaders.

Despite the efforts by Solzhenitsyn and others to confront this shameful Soviet system, the realities of the camps remained taboo into the 1980s. While Khrushchev, the Communist Party, and the Soviet Union's supporters in the West viewed the GULag as a deviation of Stalin, Solzhenitsyn and the opposition tended to view it as a systemic fault of Soviet political culture — an inevitable outcome of the Bolshevik political project. This view, politically unpopular inside and outside the USSR during the Cold War, because it ascribed to Lenin the theoretical and practical origins of the concentration camp system, has become the prevalent view of informed writers and scholars since the USSR's demise.

Parallel to this historical and legal narrative, Solzhenitsyn follows the typical course of a zek (political prisoner) through the concentration camp system, starting with arrest, show trial and initial internment; transport to the "archipelago"; treatment of prisoners and general living conditions; slave labor gangs and the technical prison camp system (where Andrei Sakharov and his team of prisoner-scientists developed the hydrogen bomb, among other Soviet scientific breakthroughs); camp rebellions and strikes (see Kengir uprising); the practice of internal exile following completion of the original prison sentence; and ultimate (but not guaranteed) release of the prisoner. Along the way, Solzhenitsyn's examination details the trivial and commonplace events of an average zek's life, as well as specific and noteworthy events during the history of the Gulag system, including revolts and uprisings.

Aside from using his experiences as a zek at a scientific prison (a sharashka), the basis of the novel The First Circle (1968), Solzhenitsyn draws from the testimony of 227 fellow zeks, the first-hand accounts which base the work. One chapter of the third volume of the book is written by a prisoner named Georgi Tenno, whose exploits enraptured Solzhenitsyn to the extent that he offered Tenno a position as co-author of the book; Tenno declined.

The sheer volume of firsthand testimony and primary documentation that Solzhenitsyn managed to assemble in The Gulag Archipelago made all subsequent Soviet and KGB attempts to discredit the work useless. Much of the impact of the treatise stems from the closely detailed stories of interrogation routines, prison indignities and (especially in section 3) camp massacres and inhuman practices.

There had been works about the Soviet prison/camp system before, and its existence was known to the Western public since the 1930s. However, never before had the wide reading public been brought face to face with the horrors of the Soviet system in this way. The controversy surrounding this text in particular was largely due to the way Solzhenitsyn definitively and painstakingly laid the theoretical, legal and practical origins of the GULag system at Lenin's feet, not Stalin's. According to Solzhenitsyn's testimony, Stalin merely amplified a concentration camp system that was already in place. This is significant, as many Western Communist or Socialist parties in the seventies tended to view the Soviet concentration camp system as a "Stalinist aberration", rather than as an intrinsic component of the Soviet system.

Solzhenitsyn argued that the Soviet government in fact could not govern without the very real threat of imprisonment, and that the Soviet economy depended on the productivity of the forced labor camps, especially insofar as the development and construction of public works and infrastructure were concerned.

This put into doubt the entire moral standing of the Soviet system. In Western Europe the book came, in time, to force a rethinking of the historical role of Lenin. With the text, The Gulag Archipelago, Lenin's political and historical legacy became problematic, and the fractions of Western communist parties who still based their economic and political ideology on Lenin were left with a heavy burden of proof against them.

Additional remarks
Though the scope of the text ends in 1956, the last prisoners sentenced according to the political paragraphs of the criminal code were quietly released in 1989. The exact number of Soviet citizens who went through the camp system will never be known, especially as key documentation was deliberately destroyed as the USSR was collapsing. But western estimates put the figure at a minimum of 20 million people, probably around 30 million, but no more than 35 million.[citation needed] The number of those who died in the system will also never be known, but a figure of 8-10 million is not exaggerated.[citation needed]

One of the noteworthy elements of Solzhenitsyn's analysis are the seemingly outlandish claims of Soviet brutality, which subsequently turned out to be true - or which in some cases turned out to be more outrageous than Solzhenitsyn had originally stated. For instance, Solzhenitsyn claimed that the Gulag system was so voracious that between 1930 and 1939, a quarter of the population of Leningrad (now St. Petersburg) was shipped to the Gulag. Post-Soviet scholarship has confirmed that the figure was even higher.[1] This one, seemingly unbelievable event, was reported by Solzhenitsyn in The Gulag Archipelago, to skepticism in the West. The collapse of the USSR and subsequent availability of heretofore secret documents (including the secret 1937 Soviet census, which was suppressed because it reflected the negative impact of the Gulag system on the population) have confirmed that Solzhenitsyn's claims and estimates were either true, or even understated.

One of the surprising and noteworthy elements is the powerful humor Solzhenitsyn employs throughout the text. It is one of the reasons the book has remained so popular. Rather than a grim rendering of crimes and atrocities, The Gulag Archipelago is often sarcastic and ironic, quite possibly the darkest gallows humor ever written. Precisely because of this dark humor, the prose often turns human and profoundly moving without ever falling into sentimentality or self-pity.

The work is also a powerful testament to Solzhenitsyn's multi-layered, rhythmic and precise prose art. In interviews he has often stated his wish to use all the resources of the language, old and new, proverbs, prison slang, legal style and poetic images; this variety is masterfully used in The Gulag Archipelago, and carries over even in translation.

Publication

The KGB seized one of only three extant copies of the text still on Soviet soil - this was achieved by torturing a dissident woman, Solzhenitsyn's typist[2] who knew where the typed copy was hidden; within days after she was released by the KGB, she hung herself.[when?]

The book was published by the YMCA Press in Paris.[when?] Solzhenitsyn had been in touch with them about the upcoming publication, which he knew he could not put off much longer, but the final decision was taken by the YMCA Press themselves with the author's implicit approval (two years previously, they had published August 1914).

Solzhenitsyn had wanted the manuscript to be published in Russia first, but he knew this was impossible under conditions then extant. The international impact of the work was profound; not only did it provoke a very vivid debate in the West, a mere six weeks after the work had left Parisian presses Solzhenitsyn himself was forced into exile.

Because the Gulag might obviously render anyone who came into contact with it a long prison sentence for 'anti-Soviet activities', Solzhenitsyn never worked on the manuscript in complete form. Due to the KGB's constant surveillance of him, Solzhenitsyn only worked on parts of the manuscript at any one time, so as not to put the book as a whole into jeopardy if he happened to be arrested. For this reason, he secreted the various parts of the work throughout Moscow and the surrounding suburbs, in the care of trusted friends, and sometimes purportedly visiting them on social calls, but actually working on the manuscript in their homes. During much of this time, Solzhenitsyn lived at the dacha of the world-famous cellist Rostropovich, and due to the reputation and standing of the musician, even with Soviet authorities, he was reasonably safe from KGB searches there.

Solzhenitsyn did not think this series would be his defining work, as he considered it journalism and history rather than high literature (the distance between those two poles is shorter, anyway, in Russian tradition than in many Western European literatures, although an analogy might be drawn between Russian and French-Enlightened publishing traditions by public intellectuals). However, it is by far his most popular work, at least in the West (with the possible exception of One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich).

Finished in 1968, The Gulag Archipelago was microfilmed and smuggled out to Solzhenitsyn's main legal representative, Dr Kurt Heeb of Zürich, to await publication (a later paper copy, also smuggled out, was signed by Heinrich Böll at the foot of each page to prove against possible accusations of a falsified work).

Solzhenitsyn was aware that there was a wealth of material and perspectives that merited to be continued in the future, but he considered the book finished for his part. The royalties and sales income for the novel were transferred to the Solzhenitsyn Foundation for aid to former camp prisoners, and this fund, which had to work in secret in its native country, managed to transfer substantial amounts of money to those ends in the 1970s and 1980s.

In the winter of 1974, unbound and mimeographed samizdat copies of The Gulag Archipelago began being surreptitiously passed between Soviet citizens. These initial readers were normally given 24 hours to finish the work before passing it on to the next person, requiring the reader to spend an uninterrupted day and night to get through the work. Years later, this initial generation of Soviet readers could still recall who had given them their copy, to whom they had passed it on, and who they had trusted enough to discuss their thoughts about the book.

Aleksandr Isayevich Solzhenitsyn (IPA: /soʊlʒəˈniːtsɨn/[1] Russian: Алекса́ндр Иса́евич Солжени́цын, Russian pronunciation: [ɐlʲɪˈksandr ɪˈsaɪvʲɪtɕ səlʐɨˈnʲitsɨn]) (December 11, 1918 – August 3, 2008)[2] was a Russian novelist, dramatist and historian. Through his writings, he made the world aware of the Gulag, the Soviet Union's labour camp system, and for these efforts, Solzhenitsyn was both awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1970 and exiled from the Soviet Union in 1974. He returned to Russia in 1994. He was the father of Ignat Solzhenitsyn, a well-known conductor and pianist. He died at home after years of declining health on August 3, 2008.[3]

Contents
[hide]
1 Biography
1.1 While in the Soviet Union
1.2 In the West
1.3 Return to Russia
1.3.1 "Two Hundred Years Together" and the accusations of Antisemitism
1.3.2 Other works
1.4 Death
1.5 Legacy
2 Historical and political views
2.1 Historical views
2.1.1 The West
2.1.2 Russian culture
2.1.3 Communism, Russia and nationalism
2.1.4 World War II
2.1.5 Stalinism
2.1.6 Mikhail Sholokhov
2.1.7 The Sino-Soviet Conflict
2.1.8 Vietnam war
2.1.9 Kosovo War
2.1.10 Holodomor as a genocide
2.2 Western culture
2.3 Modern world
3 See also
4 Published works and speeches
5 Notes
6 References
7 External links

[edit] Biography

[edit] While in the Soviet Union
Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn was born in Kislovodsk, RSFSR (now Russia) to a young widow, Taisiya Solzhenitsyna (née Shcherbak), whose father had risen, it seems, from humble beginnings, much of a self-made man, and acquired a large estate in the Kuban region by the northern foothills of the Caucasus. During World War I, Taisiya went to Moscow to study. While there she met Isaakiy Solzhenitsyn, a young army officer, also from the Caucasus region (the family background of his parents is vividly brought alive in the opening chapters of August 1914, and later on in the Red Wheel novel cycle).

In 1918, Taisia became pregnant with Aleksandr. Shortly after this was confirmed, Isaakiy was killed in a hunting accident. Aleksandr, who had three brothers and a sister,[4] was raised by his widowed mother and aunt in lowly circumstances; his earliest years coincided with the Russian Civil War; by 1930 the family property had been turned into a collective farm. Solzhenitsyn stated his mother was fighting for survival and they had to keep his father's background in the old Imperial Army a secret.

His educated mother (who never remarried) encouraged his literary and scientific leanings and raised him in the Russian Orthodox faith;[5] She died shortly before 1940.[6]

On 7 April 1940, Solzhenitsyn married chemistry student Natalya Alekseevna Reshetovskaya.[7] They divorced in 1952 (a year before his release from the Gulag); he remarried in 1957 and divorced again in 1972, the following year marrying his third wife, Natalya Dmitrievna Svetlova, a mathematician who had a son from a brief prior marriage.[8] He and Svetlova (b. 1939) had three sons: Yermolai (1970), Ignat (1972) and Stepan (1973).[9]

Solzhenitsyn studied mathematics at Rostov State University, while at the same time taking correspondence courses from the Moscow Institute of Philosophy, Literature and History (at this time heavily ideological in scope; as he himself makes clear, he did not question the state ideology or the superiority of the Soviet Union before he had spent some time in the camps).

During World War II, he served as the commander of an acoustic recognizance unit in the Red Army, was involved in major action at the front, and twice decorated. In February 1945, while serving in East Prussia, he was arrested for writing a derogatory comment in a letter to a friend, N. D. Utkevich, about the conduct of the war by Josef Stalin, whom he called "the whiskered one,"[10] "Khozyain" ("the master") and "Balabos", (Odessa Yiddish for "the master").[11] He was accused of anti-Soviet propaganda under Article 58 paragraph 10 of the Soviet criminal code, and of "founding a hostile organisation" under paragraph 11.[12] Solzhenitsyn was taken to the Lubyanka prison in Moscow, where he was beaten and interrogated. On 7 July 1945, he was sentenced in his absence by a three-man tribunal of the Soviet security police (NKG to an eight-year term in a labour camp, to be followed by permanent internal exile. This was the normal sentence for most crimes under Article 58 at the time.[13]

The first part of Solzhenitsyn's sentence was served in several different work camps; the "middle phase," as he later referred to it, was spent in a sharashka, special scientific research facilities run by Ministry of State Security, where he met Lev Kopelev, paragon of Lev Rubin in his book The First Circle, published in the West in 1968. In 1950, he was sent to a "Special Camp" for political prisoners. During his imprisonment at the camp in the town of Ekibastuz in Kazakhstan, he worked as a miner, bricklayer and foundry foreman. His experiences at Ekibastuz formed the basis for the book One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich. While there he had a tumor removed, although his cancer was not then diagnosed.

Solzhenitsyn reenacts being searched in the Gulag, 1953
In March of 1953, Solzhenitsyn sentence was commuted to internal exile for life at Kok-Terek in southern Kazakhstan. His undiagnosed cancer spread, until, by the end of the year, he was close to death. However, in 1954, he was permitted to be treated in a hospital in Tashkent, where his tumor went into remission. These experiences became the basis of his novel Cancer Ward and also found an echo in the short story "The right hand]". It was during this decade of imprisonment and exile that Solzhenitsyn abandoned Marxism and developed the philosophical and religious positions of his later life; this turn has some interesting parallels to Dostoevsky's time in Siberia and his quest for faith a hundred years earlier. Solzhenitsyn gradually turned into a philosophically-minded man in prison. He repented for what he did as a Red Army captain and in prison compared himself with the perpetrators of the Gulag ("I remember myself in my captain's shoulder boards and the forward march of my battery through East Prussia, enshrouded in fire, and I say: 'So were we any better?'") His transformation is described at some length in the fourth part of The Gulag Archipelago ("The Soul and Barbed Wire").

During his years of exile, and following his reprieve and return to European Russia, Solzhenitsyn was, while teaching at a secondary school during the day, spending his nights secretly engaged in writing. In his Nobel Prize acceptance speech he wrote, "during all the years until 1961, not only was I convinced I should never see a single line of mine in print in my lifetime, but, also, I scarcely dared allow any of my close acquaintances to read anything I had written because I feared this would become known."[14]

Finally, when he was 42 years old, he approached Alexander Tvardovsky, a poet and the chief editor of the Noviy Mir magazine and a politburo member, with the manuscript of One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich. It was published in edited form in 1962, with the explicit approval of Nikita Khrushchev, who defended it and declared at the presidium of the Politburo hearing on whether to allow its publishing, "There’s a Stalinist in each of you; there’s even a Stalinist in me. We must root out this evil". The book became an instant hit and sold-out everywhere. During Khruschev's tenure, One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich was studied in schools in the Soviet Union and three more novellas of his were published in 1963. These would be the last of his works published in the Soviet Union until 1990.

One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich brought the Soviet system of prison labour to the attention of the West. It caused as much a sensation in the Soviet Union as it did the West—not only by its striking realism and candour, but also because it was the first major piece of Soviet literature since the twenties on a politically charged theme, written by a non-party member, even by a man who had been to Siberia for "libelous speech" about the leaders, and still it had not been censored. In this sense, the publication of Solzhenitsyn's story was an almost unheard of instance of free, unrestrained discussion of politics through literature. Most Soviet readers realized this, but after Khrushchev had been ousted from power in 1964, the time for such raw exposing works came quietly, but perceptibly, to a close. Solzhenitsyn did not give in but tried, with the help of Tvardovsky, to get his novel, The Cancer Ward, legally published in the Soviet Union. This had to get the approval of the Union of Writers, and though some there appreciated it, the work ultimately was denied publication unless it were to be revised and cleaned of suspect statements and anti-Soviet insinuations (this episode is recounted and documented in The Oak and the Calf).

The publishing of his work quickly stopped; as a writer, he became a non-person, and, by 1965, the KGB had seized some of his papers, including the manuscript of The First Circle. Meanwhile Solzhenitsyn continued to secretly and feverishly work upon the most subversive of all his writings, the monumental Gulag Archipelago. The seizing of his novel manuscript first made him desperate and frightened, but gradually he realized it had set him free from the pretences and trappings of being an "officially acclaimed" writer, something which had come close to second nature, but which was getting increasingly irrelevant (the circumstances of how he actually survived in this period, without any income from his books, are obscure; he had quit his teaching post when he broke through as a writer).

In 1970, Solzhenitsyn was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature. He could not receive the prize personally in Stockholm at that time, since he was afraid he would not be let back into the Soviet Union. Instead, it was suggested he should receive the prize in a special ceremony at the Swedish embassy in Moscow. The Swedish government refused to accept this solution, since such a ceremony and the ensuing media coverage might upset the Soviet Union and damage Sweden's relations to the superpower. Instead, Solzhenitsyn received his prize at the 1974 ceremony after he had been deported from the Soviet Union.

The Gulag Archipelago was a three-volume work on the Soviet prison camp system. It was based upon Solzhenitsyn's own experience as well as the testimony of 227 former prisoners and Solzhenitsyn's own research into the history of the penal system. It discussed the system's origins from the very founding of the Communist regime, with Lenin himself having responsibility, detailing interrogation procedures, prisoner transports, prison camp culture, prisoner uprisings and revolts, and the practice of internal exile. The appearance of the book in the West put the word gulag into the Western political vocabulary and guaranteed swift retribution from the Soviet authorities.

[edit] In the West
During this period, he was sheltered by the cellist Mstislav Rostropovich, who suffered considerably for his support of Solzhenitsyn and was eventually forced into exile himself. On February 13, 1974, Solzhenitsyn was deported from the Soviet Union to Frankfurt, West Germany and stripped of his Soviet citizenship. The KGB had found the manuscript for the first part of The Gulag Archipelago and, less than a week later, Yevgeny Yevtushenko suffered reprisals for his support of Solzhenitsyn.

In Germany, Solzhenitsyn lived in Heinrich Böll's house. He then moved to Switzerland before Stanford University invited him to stay in the United States to "facilitate your work, and to accommodate you and your family." He stayed on the 11th floor of the Hoover Tower, part of the Hoover Institution, before moving to Cavendish, Vermont in 1976. He was given an honorary Literary Degree from Harvard University in 1978 and on Thursday, June 8, 1978 he gave his Commencement Address condemning modern western culture.

Over the next 17 years, Solzhenitsyn worked on his cyclical history of the Russian Revolution of 1917, The Red Wheel. By 1992, four "knots" (parts) had been completed and he had also written several shorter works. Despite an enthusiastic welcome on his first arrival in America, followed by respect for his privacy, he had never been comfortable outside his homeland.[citation needed]

Despite spending two decades in the United States, Solzhenitsyn did not become fluent in spoken English. He had, however, been reading English-language literature since his teens, encouraged by his mother[citation needed]. More important, he resented the idea of becoming a media star and of tempering his ideas or ways of talking in order to suit television. Solzhenitsyn's warnings about the dangers of Communist aggression and the weakening of the moral fiber of the West were generally well received in Western conservative circles, alongside the tougher foreign policy pursued by U.S. President Ronald Reagan. At the same time, liberals and secularists became increasingly critical of what they perceived as his reactionary preference for Russian patriotism and the Russian Orthodox religion. Solzhenitsyn also harshly criticised what he saw as the ugliness and spiritual vapidity of the dominant pop culture of the modern West, including television and rock music: "...the human soul longs for things higher, warmer, and purer than those offered by today's mass living habits ... by TV stupor and by intolerable music."

Return to Russia

Solzhenitsyn boards a train in Vladivostok after returning to Russia from exile. Photo by Mikhail Evstafiev
In 1990, his Soviet citizenship was restored, and, in 1994, he returned to Russia with his wife, Natalia, who had become a United States citizen. Their sons stayed behind in the United States (later, his oldest son Yermolai returned to Russia to work for the Moscow office of a leading management consultancy firm). From then until his death, he lived with his wife in a dacha in Troitse-Lykovo (Троице-Лыково) in west Moscow between the dachas once occupied by Soviet leaders Mikhail Suslov and Konstantin Chernenko.

The writer, however, deplored what he considered Russia's spiritual decline, increasingly adopting Western materialistic values, but in the last years of his life he praised President Vladimir Putin for Russia's revival.

After returning to Russia in 1994, Solzhenitsyn published eight two-part short stories, a series of contemplative "miniatures" or prose poems, a literary memoir on his years in the West (The Grain Between the Millstones).

[edit] "Two Hundred Years Together" and the accusations of Antisemitism
He also published a two-volume work on the history of Russian-Jewish relations (Two Hundred Years Together 2001, 2002). In it, Solzhenitsyn emphatically lays the blame for the Russian revolutions of 1905 and 1917 on the Jews, but stops short of alleging this to be the work of a "Jewish conspiracy" [15]. He purports to document the predominance of Jews in the early Bolshevik leaderships, excepting Lenin, using unreliable and manipulated figures. At the same time, he calls on both Russians and Jews to come to terms with the members of their peoples who acted in complicity with the Communist regime. He also accuses the Jews of wartime cowardice, and evasion of active duty.

The reception of this work confirms Solzhenitsyn remains a polarizing figure both at home and abroad. According to his critics, the book confirmed Solzhenitsyn's anti-Semitic views as well as his ideas of Russian supremacy to other nations. Professor Robert Service of Oxford University has defended Solzhenitsyn as being "absolutely right", noting Trotsky himself claimed Jews were disproportionately represented in the early Soviet bureaucracy.[16] An important critique of Solzhnitsyn's position (debunking the majority of his claims)was published by the historian Yohanan Petrovsky-Stern[17].

Another famous Russian dissident writer, Vladimir Voinovich, wrote a polemical study "A Portrait Against the Background of a Myth" ("Портрет на фоне мифа", 2002.), in which he tried to prove Solzhenitsyn's egoism, anti-Semitism, and lack of writing skills. Voinovich had already mocked Solzhenitsyn in his novel Moscow 2042 through the self-centered egomaniac character, Sim Simich Karnavalov, an extreme and brutal dictatorial writer who tries to destroy the Soviet Union and, eventually, to become the king of Russia. Using a more circuitous line of argument, Joseph Brodsky, in his essay Catastrophes in the Air (in Less than One), argued that Solzhenitsyn, while a hero in showing up the brutalities of Soviet Communism, failed to discern that the historical crimes he unearthed might be the outcome of authoritarian traits that were really part of the heritage of Old Russia and of "the severe spirit of Orthodoxy" (venerated by Solzhenitsyn) and much less due to the more recent (Marxist) political ideology. This somewhat contorted interpretation of his outlook has been seen by many as a defense of Marxism by contrasting it with what they saw as the greater prior evils of the old regime, a view shared by some historians as well - although clearly the revolutionary zeal went far beyond any excesses from the past in terms of the sheer volume and intensity of violence.

[edit] Other works
In his recent political writings, such as Rebuilding Russia (1990) and Russia in Collapse (1998), Solzhenitsyn criticized the oligarchic excesses of the new Russian 'democracy,' while opposing any nostalgia for Soviet communism. He defended moderate and self-critical patriotism (as opposed to extreme nationalism), argued for the indispensability of local self-government to a free Russia, and expressed concerns for the fate of the 25 million ethnic Russians in the "near abroad" of the former Soviet Union. He also sought to "protect" the national character of the Russian Orthodox church and fought against the admission of Catholic priests and Protestant pastors to Russia from other countries. For a brief period, he had his own TV show, where he freely expressed his views. The show was cancelled because of low ratings, but Solzhenitsyn continued to maintain a relatively high profile in the media.

All of Solzhenitsyn's sons became U.S. citizens. One, Ignat, has achieved acclaim as a pianist and conductor in the United States.

[edit] Death
Solzhenitsyn died of heart failure near Moscow on August 3, 2008, at age 89.[18][19] A burial service was held at Donskoy Monastery, Moscow, on Wednesday, August 6, 2008.[20] He was buried on the same date at the place chosen by him at Donskoye graveyard.[21]

[edit] Legacy
The most complete 30-volume edition of Solzhenitsyn’s collected works is soon to be published in Russia. The presentation of its first three volumes, already in print, recently took place in Moscow. On June 5, 2007 then Russian President Vladimir Putin signed a decree conferring on Solzhenitsyn the State Prize of the Russian Federation for his humanitarian work. Putin personally visited the writer at his home on June 12, 2007 to present him with the award. Like his father, Yermolai Solzhenitsyn is an author and has translated some of his father's works. Stephan Solzhenitsyn is an urban planner in New York. Ignat Solzhenitsyn is the music director of The Chamber Orchestra of Philadelphia.

[edit] Historical and political views

[edit] Historical views
During his years in the west, Solzhenitsyn was very active in the historical debate, discussing the history of Russia, the Soviet Union and communism. He tried to correct what he considered to be western misconceptions.

[edit] The West
Delivering the commencement address at Harvard in 1978, he called the country spiritually weak and mired in vulgar materialism. Americans, he said, speaking in Russian through a translator, suffered from a "decline in courage" and a "lack of manliness." Few were willing to die for their ideals, he said. He condemned both the United States government and American society for its “hasty” capitulation in Vietnam. And he criticized the country’s music as intolerable and attacked its unfettered press, accusing it of violations of privacy. He said that the West erred in measuring other civilizations by its own model. While faulting Soviet society for denying fair legal treatment of people, he also faulted the West for being too legalistic: "A society which is based on the letter of the law and never reaches any higher is taking very scarce advantage of the high level of human possibilities."[22]

[edit] Russian culture
In his 1978 Harvard address, Solzhenitsyn argued over Russian culture, that the West erred in "denying its autonomous character and therefore never understood it "[23]

[edit] Communism, Russia and nationalism
It is a popular view that the October revolution of 1917 resulting in a violent totalitarian regime was closely connected to Russia's earlier history of tsarism and culture, especially that of Ivan the Terrible and Peter the Great.[citation needed] Solzhenitsyn claims this is fundamentally wrong and famously denounced the work of Richard Pipes as "the Polish version of Russian history". Solzhenitsyn argues Tsarist Russia did not have the same violent tendencies as the Soviet Union. For instance, in Solzhenitsyn's view, Imperial Russia did not practise censorship; political prisoners were not forced into labour camps and the number of political prisoners was only one ten-thousandth of those in the Soviet Union; the Tsar's secret service was only present in the three largest cities, and not at all in the army. The violence of the Communist regime was in no way comparable to the lesser violence of the Tsars.

He considered it far-fetched to blame the catastrophes of the 20th century on one 16th century and one 18th century czar, when there were many other examples of violence which could have inspired the Bolshevik in other countries earlier in time, especially mentioning similarities with the Jacobins of the Reign of Terror of France.

Instead of blaming Russian conditions, he blamed the teachings of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, arguing Marxism itself is violent. His conclusion is Communism will always be totalitarian and violent, wherever it is practiced. There was nothing special in the Russian conditions which affected the outcome.

He also criticized the view that the Soviet Union was Russian in any way. He argued Communism was international and only cared for nationalism as a tool to use when getting into power, or for fooling the people. Once in power, Communism tried to wipe clean every nation, destroying its culture and oppressing its people.

According to Solzhenitsyn, the Russian culture and people were not the ruling national culture in the Soviet Union. In fact, there was no ruling national culture. All national cultures were oppressed in favour of an atheistic Soviet culture. In Solzhenitsyn's opinion, Russian culture was even more oppressed than the smaller minority cultures, since the regime was more afraid of ethnic uprisings among Russians than among other peoples. Therefore, Solzhenitsyn argued, Russian nationalism and the Orthodox Church should not be regarded as a threat by the West but rather as allies.[24]

[edit] World War II
Main article: World War II
Solzhenitsyn criticized the Allies for not opening a new front against Nazi Germany in the west earlier in World War II. This resulted in Soviet domination and oppression of the nations of Eastern Europe. Solzhenitsyn claimed the western democracies apparently cared little about how many died in the east, as long as they could end the war quickly and painlessly for themselves in the west. While stationed in East Prussia as an artillery officer, Solzhenitsyn witnessed war crimes against the civilian German population by Soviet "liberators" as the elderly were robbed of their meager possessions and women were gang-raped to death. He wrote a poem, "Prussian Nights", about these incidents in which the first-person narrator seems to wholeheartedly approve of these crimes, expressing his desire to take part in the plunder himself. The poem describes the rape of a Polish woman whom the Red Army soldiers mistakenly thought to be a German.[25]

[edit] Stalinism
Main article: Stalinism
He also rejected the view Stalin created the totalitarian state, while Lenin (and Trotsky) had been "true communist." He argued Lenin started the mass executions, wrecked the economy, founded the Cheka which would later be turned into the KGB, and started the Gulag even though it did not have the same name at that time.

[edit] Mikhail Sholokhov
Main article: Mikhail Sholokhov
Solzhenitsyn was the most prominent of the Nobel Laureate Mikhail Sholokhov's detractors. He believed that the work which made Sholokhov's international reputation, And Quiet Flows the Don was written by Fyodor Kryukov, a Cossack and Anti-Bolshevik, who died in 1920. According to Solzhenitsyn, Sholokhov found the manuscript and published it under his own name. The controversy raged for years, without conclusive proof on either side.

[edit] The Sino-Soviet Conflict
Main article: Sino-Soviet split
In 1973, near the height of the Sino-Soviet conflict, Solzhenitsyn sent a Letter to the Soviet Leaders to a limited number of upper echelon Soviet officials. This work, which was published for the general public in the Western world a year after it was sent to its intended audience, beseeched the Soviet Union's authorities to

Give them their ideology! Let the Chinese leaders glory in it for a while. And for that matter, let them shoulder the whole sackful of unfulfillable international obligations, let them grunt and heave and instruct humanity, and foot all the bills for their absurd economics (a million a day just to Cuba), and let them support terrorists and guerrillas in the Southern Hemisphere too if they like. The main source of the savage feuding between us will then melt away, a great many points of today's contention and conflict all over the world will also melt away, and a military clash will become a much remoter possibility and perhaps won't take place at all [author's emphasis].[26]

[edit] Vietnam war
Main article: Vietnam war
In his commencement address at Harvard University in 1978 (A World Split Apart), Solzhenitsyn alleged that many in the U.S. did not understand the Vietnam War. He rhetorically asks if the American antiwar proponents now realize the effects their actions had on Vietnam: "But members of the U.S. antiwar movement wound up being involved in the betrayal of Far Eastern nations, in a genocide and in the suffering today imposed on 30 million people there. Do those convinced pacifists hear the moans coming from there?"[27]

During his time in the West, Solzhenitsyn made a few controversial public statements: notably, he characterized Daniel Ellsberg as a traitor.

[edit] Kosovo War
Main article: Kosovo War
Solzhenitsyn strongly condemned the bombing of Yugoslavia, saying "there is no difference whatsoever between NATO and Hitler."[28]

[edit] Holodomor as a genocide
Main article: Holodomor
Solzhenitsyn said that Ukrainian efforts to have the 1930s famine recognised as a Russian genocide against Ukraine is an act of historical revisionism.

In an interview with the newspaper Izvestia, he explained that the famine was caused by the corrupt ideals of the Communist regime, under which all suffered equally. It was not an assault by the Russian people against the people of Ukraine, and that the wish to view it as such is only a recent development.[29]

This provocative outcry of genocide was voiced only decades later. At first, it thrived secretly in the stale chauvinist minds opposing the "bloody Russians". Now it has got hold of political minds in modern Ukraine. It seems they've surpassed the wild suggestions of the Bolshevik propaganda machine. "To the parliaments of the world" - a nice teaser for the Western ears. They have never cared about our history. All they need is a fable, no matter how loony it appears.

[edit] Western culture
Main article: Western World
…there also exists another alliance — at first glance a strange one, a surprising one—but if you think about it, in fact, one which is well - grounded and easy to understand. This is the alliance between our Communist leaders and your capitalists. This alliance is not new. The very famous Armand Hammer, who is flourishing here today, laid the basis for this when he made the first exploratory trip into Russia, still in Lenin's time, in the very first years of the Revolution.

And if today the Soviet Union has powerful military and police forces—in a country which is by contemporary standards poor—they are used to crush our movement for freedom in the Soviet Union—and we have western capital to thank for this also.

Testimony to the U.S. Congress, July 8 1975.[30]

Until I came to the West myself and spent two years looking around, I could never have imagined to what an extreme degree the West had actually become a world without a will, a world gradually petrifying in the face of the danger confronting it…All of us are standing on the brink of a great historical cataclysm, a flood that swallows up civilization and changes whole epochs.

[edit] Modern world
He described the problems of both East and West as "a disaster" rooted in agnosticism and atheism. He referred to it as "the calamity of an autonomous, irreligious humanistic consciousness."

It has made man the measure of all things on earth—imperfect man, who is never free of pride, self-interest, envy, vanity, and dozens of other defects. We are now paying for the mistakes which were not properly appraised at the beginning of the journey. On the way from the Renaissance to our days we have enriched our experience, but we have lost the concept of a Supreme Complete Entity which used to restrain our passions and our irresponsibility.[31]

The death of Solzhenitsyn
http://www.newstatesman.com/europe/2008/08/soviet-solzhenitsyn-era-russia

Andrey Kurkov

Published 05 August 2008

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The Ukrainian novelist Andrey Kurkov on how the author of the Gulag Archipelago, who related the terrible truth about Soviet totalitarianism, outlived his era to become something of a living monument to Russia's past

On the death of such figures as Solzhenitsyn, the phrase ‘end of an era’ is bound to come up, but Alexander Isaevich outlived his era and never truly accepted the new ‘post-soviet’ epoch.

Having sincerely dedicated his life to a desperate struggle against communism, in 1991 Solzhenitsyn suddenly found himself without a battle to fight.

From that moment his activities grew less noticeable. He was less and less asked for his commentary on developments. A note of irony appeared in the use of his nickname: the ‘Vermont Recluse’. Then in 1994 he came out of seclusion and returned to Russia.

He returned to the country he had literally torn apart in 1962 with his short story “A Day In the Life Of Ivan Denisovich”. During a meeting of the Politburo Khrushchev himself insisted on the story’s publication. It contained no direct criticism of the Soviet system. It was a simple but detailed description of one day in a camp prisoner’s life, one almost happy day.

Solzhenitsyn was immediately made a member of the writer’s Union. More of his work was published. He felt his time had come and he tried to write as much as possible, perhaps fearing that any ‘thaw’ would be temporary. However you look at it, Solzhenitsyn was of great use to Krushchev in his efforts to ‘de-Stalinize’ the Soviet Union.

Solzhenitsyn had been sent to a camp three months before the end of the Second World War for having referred to Stalin and Lenin disrespectfully in a letter to an old school friend who was serving on the front line.

Solzhenitsyn spent eleven years in camps, special prisons, secret KGB institutions and internal exile. During that time he twice overcame cancer.

It seems he was destined to be hardened through the cruellest of suffering. He admitted that having overcome cancer for the second time, he lost all fear of death and after the publication of his first stories he lost his fear of the Soviet system.

Kruschev had been overthrown, but Solzhenitsyn still believed in the possibility of democracy in the Soviet Union. Publication of his work ceased in 1965 and, two year later, in an open letter to the Fourth Congress of the Writers’ Union of the USSR he said: “I call upon the Congress to demand and insist on the abandonment of all forms of censorship…”

In May 1967 the Soviet authorities decided to ‘deal with’ Solzhenitzyn, but the writer himself saw it the other way round; he was dealing with the Soviet Authorities.

His 1968 novels “Cancer Ward” and “In the First Circle”, which were banned from publication in the USSR, were published abroad. At the same time, Solzhenitsyn smuggled out to the west a microfilmed manuscript of his most important work – the three volumes of research into the Soviet system of repression and punishment, “The Gulag Archipelago”.

A Samisdat (homepublished) copy of this work appeared in my home at the beginning of the eighties. My older brother had managed to get hold of a copy for a couple of days. I remember trying to read it as quickly as possible.

Anyone found by the KGB in possession of it would get five years in a prison camp. By that time the author was already living in Vermont, where he had bought a house with 20 hectares of land around it to guarantee his creative isolation.

He had already won the Nobel Prize for Literature. In 1974 he had been stripped of his Soviet citizenship and sent into exile as a traitor. This was the “humane face” of the Brezhnev era. After all, instead of a special flight to Germany, he could have been thrown into a train wagon bound for the camps.

Alexander Solzhenitsyn never fell in love with the USA or the west in general and, having returned to his homeland he was disappointed to discover that his compatriots no longer read his books. Disenchantment with the Yeltsin’s form of democracy encouraged pro-Putin sympathies.

Putin himself would go to ‘take tea’ with Solzhenitsyn and discuss what was to be done with Russia. But Putin’s visits were more representative than practical – a ritual attendance at a ‘living monument’ to the fight against Communism and Stalinism.

Solzhenitsyn was unable to influence contemporary Russia, although he did provoke further discussion of the “Jewish question” in one of his last works, “Two Hundred Years Together”. That book will continue to stir emotion within Russia, but on the international plane, Solzhenitsyn will forever remain the author of “Gulag Archipelago” - that terrible and truthful book about the Soviet totalitarian regime.

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4 comments from readers
Pencils
05 August 2008 at 21:49
Is this a parody?

Gideon Polya
06 August 2008 at 01:06
Excellent article. I read Alexander Solzhenitsyn's "One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovitch" over 40 years ago and was immensely moved. Over the years I then read "The First Circle", "Cancer Ward" and "The Gulag Archipelago".

I came to Solzhenitsyn pre-primed because my Hungarian grandmother's cousin Dr Edith Bone, a British subject, was arrested by the Stalinist secret police in 1949 as a "British spy" while covering an international Socialist conference in Budapest for the London Daily Worker. She survived 7 years solitary confinement in a Hungarian prison (she was released during the Hungarian Revolution in 1956) and wrote an account of her extraordinary physical and mental survival in a book entitled "Seven Years Solitary".

Another such hero was Swedish diplomat Raoul Wallenberg who disappeared into the Soviet Gulag after saving many Hungarian Jews from the Nazis (there is a monument to this wonderful man in Melbourne's busy Kew Junction) .

A key action of Alexander Solzhenitsyn was his May 1967 open letter to the Fourth Congress of the Writers’ Union of the USSR in which he said: “I call upon the Congress to demand and insist on the abandonment of all forms of censorship…”

Soviet Communism and its censorship has more or less fallen (e.g. my great grandfather Jakab Polya's translation into Hungarian of Adam Smith's classic "An Inquiry into the Wealth of Nations" was forbidden to all but specialist economists) but Russian media are still evidently State-dominated.

Solzhenitsyn's message on censorship needs to be taken seriously in the Western Murdochracies in which Monopoly Media (rather than the NKVD, GUGB or KG determine what people read and believe and how they vote.

Thus in the "open societies" such as the British Murdochracy, Mainstream media censorship and entrenched lying by omission means that most people are utterly unaware of the carnage in the American Gulag that stretches (with a few interruptions) from Occupied Somalia to Occupied Afghanistan and Predator Robot-bombed Waziristan in formerly "British" Pakistan.

Thus, using estimates from the UN Population Division, UNICEF and top US medical epidemiologists, it is estimated that the continuing Palestinian Genocide, Iraqi Genocide and Afghan Genocide involve post-invasion excess deaths of 0.3 million, 2 million, and 3-6 million, respectively; post-invasion under-5 infant deaths of 0.2 million, 0.6 million and 2.3 million, respectively; and refugees totalling 7 million, 4.5 million and 4 million, respectively) (for the latest details and documentation see: http://mwcnews.net/content/view/19915/42/ ; http://www.brusselstribunal.org/Messages190308.htm#polya ; http://www.countercurrents.org/polya080208.htm; http://www.liberalati.com/?q=node/261 and "Obama, Mccain, Iraqi Genocide & Afghan Genocide": http://www.newsvine.com/qana ).

Indeed many Britons would have been utterly surprised to learn from a January 2008 BBC broadcast involving myself, 1998 Economics Nobel Laureate Professor Amartya Sen and other scholars that in 1943-45 Britain deliberately starved 6-7 million Indians to death in the man-made Bengal Famine atrocity that has been largely deleted from history in the English-speaking world (see: http://www.open2.net/thingsweforgot/bengalfamine_programme.h... ).

Silence kills and silence is complicity. We are obliged to inform others about gross abuses of humanity. We cannot walk by on the other side.

knave
06 August 2008 at 08:53
good article and interesting comment Gideon

Douglas Chalmers
06 August 2008 at 15:31
# "...the story .....was a simple but detailed description of one day in a camp prisoner’s life, one almost happy day..."

It is remarkable how it is the stark experiences which we mostly avoid that bring us the greatest insights. From that experience on, if we survive it, everything we see or feel or hear is aligned with its true worth. There is no more room for illusions or the superficiality of personality. One can then write clearly and with great effect.

# "...Putin..... would go to ‘take tea’ with Solzhenitsyn and discuss what was to be done..."

Interesting how Putin remarked quite seriously after the funeral about the era of "repression" in Russia - especially so coming from the grandson of Joe Stalin's cook. Pity that the West only uses these people for its own propaganda but never applies the lessons to itself.

Salvation Stampede and Himalayan Reality

Troubled Galaxy Destroyed Dreams: Chapter 37

Palash Biswas
http://troubledgalaxydetroyeddreams.blogspot.com/

Salvation
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For other uses, see Salvation (disambiguation).
In theology, salvation can mean three related things:

being saved from or liberation from something, such as suffering or the punishment of sin – also called deliverance;
being saved for something, such as an afterlife or participating in the Reign of God – also called redemption
social liberation and healing, as in liberation theology.
The theological study of salvation is called Soteriology and also covers the means by which salvation is effected or achieved, and its results or effects.

Hinduism
Salvation is the soul's liberation from the cycle of death and rebirth and attainment of the highest spiritual state. It is the ultimate goal of, where even hell and heaven are temporary. This is called Moksha (Sanskrit: ?????, liberation) or Mukti (Sanskrit: ??????, release). Moksha is a final release from one's worldly conception of self, the loosening of the shackles of experiential duality and a re-establishment in one's own fundamental nature, though the nature is seen as ineffable and beyond sensation. The actual state of salvation is seen differently depending on one's beliefs.

In Advaita, a monistic philosophy, which comprises most forms of Shaivism and some forms of Vaishnavism, it is oneness with Brahman, without form or being, something that essentially is without manifestation.
In dualist Hinduism, as found mostly in different forms of Vaishnavism, it is union or close association with God.
In Hinduism, moksha occurs when the individual soul (human mind/spirit) or atman recognizes its identity with the Ground of all being - the Source of all phenomenal existence known as Brahman. The religion recognizes several paths to achieve this state, none of which is exclusive. They are the ways of selfless work (Karma Yoga), of self-dissolving love (Bhakti Yoga), of absolute discernment & knowledge(Jnana Yoga), and of 'royal' meditative immersion (Raja Yoga).

In much the same manner as Christ took the sins upon himself, Shiva swallowed the poison, halahala, so that it would not kill the creation. Shiva's act is celebrated at the Hindu festival Shivratri, also in March at about the same time as Easter.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvation

A one-year-old girl who survived the worst-ever temple tragedy in the history of Himachal Pradesh keeps repeating the one word she knows - "Mummy" - but her mother isn't there to comfort her.

The child was put in the care of the Naina Devi shrine trust authorities by the district administration since no one came to claim her after Sunday's stampede, which killed 145 people.

"The toddler has been crying for her mother continuously. We hope her family is able to find her and she goes back to them," said a woman attendant at the shrine who has been looking after the girl.

The girl was found unconscious by a resident of Nabha town in Punjab who brought her to the doctors providing medical aid to those injured in Sunday's stampede.

"The girl was brought to us in an unconscious state. We were able to revive her and handed her over to the district administration. She is now with the temple authorities," a doctor who attended on her said.

Over 146 people were killed and 40 injured in a stampede at the Naina Devi temple in Himachal Pradesh when throngs of devotees panicked after someone spread a rumour that boulders were rolling down the popular hill shrine. Most of the dead were women and children. A majority of the victims were from neighbouring Punjab. A state government statement Sunday evening said that 123 people were killed and 40 injured in the accident. Rescue operations at the shrine, located atop a hill, to reach which devotees have to walk the last few hundred metres on a steep gradient, were hit by inclement weather and lack of coordination among various agencies.

I am brousing the Egroups and blogs to study the general reactions.

Some friends have branded this accident as Man Made.

I agree. But the himalayan Reality and the Salvation stampede are not so easy issues to be generalised. We have to understand the Geopolitics, Landscape as well as human scape in context of social realism, religious psyche and ecological point of view.

It is a great relief that until now no body has called it a Terrorist Attack or dared to brand itas the Hindutva crisis!

I was picking up the Tiffin Box and water Bottle to set off for my office as the News broke.

I heard only two words, Naina Debi and stampede. I was shocked as the only Naina Debi temple I knew till the moment was located in Nainital. It is a small place and I never saw it crowdy on any occassion other than the Autumn Fesival.Naina Debi Puja in Nainital has been always a peaceful event with some imputes of a few pure Kumaooni folk like Jaagar.

But I was never relieved to find that the tragedy stroke another Himalayan region called Himachal. It is a shame for a person like me who tries to be in live contact with every part of the Hiamalays all the year round! I did not knew the existence of Naina debi in Himachal!

I met a student of Naini engineering College, Allahabad in Kalka express while I was returning from New delhi only on 28th July. He was an attractive face of the Generation Next.

It was a n AC Three tier compartment. The youngman was very worried as his classmate a Manipuri student in the Engineering college missed the train. i came to know this fact in Delhi RLY station itself when the train left for Howrah. I immediately suggested the boy to contact his friend and suggest him to catch the next train as I believed that the ticket might be valid. He did.

I guessed that he might belong to Manipur. But he turned to be a Hill man belonging to Himachal. It was a rare opportunity to update my knowledge about Himachal Pradesh. On the other hand I never miss to talk any young boy or girl from generation next. My son Excallibur Stevens is only twenty three years old. I have to try very hard to communicate with him. I always try to befriend with his friend circle. I bieleve that no change is possible without an active role of the Generation next. I read regularly every episode of to serialised novels being published in Desh dealing with the Generation Next. It is always very hard to cope with the environment and all Generation Next Literature seems to be either hard or soft porn. But I try my best to get the psyche.

Himachal Pradesh
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
?Himachal Pradesh
India
Shimla
Coordinates: 31°06'40?N 77°09'14?E? / ?31.111, 77.154
Time zone IST (UTC+5:30)
Area 55,780 km² (21,537 sq mi)
Capital Shimla
Largest city Shimla

Himachal Pradesh is a state in the north-west of India. Himachal Pradesh is spread over 55,780 square kilometres (21,537 sq mi)[1] and is bordered by the Indian states of Jammu and Kashmir on north, Punjab on west and south-west, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh on south, Uttarakhand on south-east and by Tibet on the east. The literal meaning of Himachal Pradesh is Region of snowy mountains.[2]

Himachal Pradesh was also known as Deva Bhoomi (the land of the gods). The Aryan influence in the region dates back to the period before the Rigveda. After the Anglo Gorkha war, the British colonial government came into power. It was initially in Punjab, except Siba State of Punjab Hills, under the rule of Maharaja Ranjit Singh till 1857 [3] In 1950 Himachal was declared as the union territory but after State of Himachal Pradesh Act 1971 Himchal emerged as the 18th state of Indian Union.

Himachal Pradesh has one of the highest per capita incomes of any state in India. Due to the abundance of perennial rivers, Himachal also sells hydro electricity to other states such as Delhi, Punjab & Rajasthan.[4] The economy of the state is highly dependent upon three sources i.e. hydroelectric power, tourism and agriculture.[5]

95% of the state population constitutes of Hindus. The major communities are of Brahmins, Rajputs, Kannets, Rathis and Kolis. As per the survey conducted in 2005 by Transparency International Himachal Pradesh is ranked second least corrupt state in the country after Kerala.[

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himachal_Pradesh

I did not ask his name. Because it is very hard to digest the fact that we make friends in trains so sponataneously and lose them at the very moment when we detrain! Train Journy has always been a learning and social interaction place for me. When we fly we get so tired within so little time. But we feel never so tired in longest version of Train journy. it is so much so involving. We never hear a concept like jet lag in reference to train. I used to note down all the names and addresses. But I always felt the pain to lose the friends in train! I am getting older and , nowadays, I discusss the issues in tarin with persons whom I never know!

The boy detrained in Allahabad Junction in the evening. Meanwhile, we discussed all the issues relating to Himalayan Zone including North East to Kashmir.

I joked at a point,` Gods and Goddesses decide everything in Himachal. They elect the Government. every village has its own god or goddesses. We plains people treat hiamchal as a heavenly places! I suppose that you might be one among the divine line up!’

He reacted very sharply, ` Heavens have their own Realities!’

We discussed the Agreculture and Horticulture and he informed that the Himachal is enjoying an Apple Boom this season and there was no agrarian crisis in Himachal.

I was surprised to know when he claimed that Himachal goverment is proactive to save the Green Top! He told that constructions have stopped in Himachal.I informed him that Nainital and all the Hill Stations are overconstructed. I spoke on Darjiling and Gangtok with details. He belongs to Shimla. He spoke on every town of Himachal including Bilaspur and Rampur Bushahar!

Himachal Pradesh is divided into 12 districts namely, Kangra, Hamirpur, Mandi, Bilaspur, Una, Chamba, Lahul and Spiti, Sirmaur, Kinnaur, Kullu, Solan and Shimla. The state capital is Shimla which was formerly British India's summer capital under the name Simla.

A district of Himachal Pradesh is an administrative geographical unit, headed by a Deputy Commissioner or District Magistrate, an officer belonging to the Indian Administrative Service. The district magistrate or the deputy commissioner is assisted by a number of officers belonging to Himachal Administrative Service and other Himachal state services. Each district is subdivided into Sub-Divisions, governed by a sub-divisional magistrate, and again into Blocks. Blocks consists of panchayats (village councils) and town municipalities. A Superintendent of Police, an officer belonging to the Indian Police Service is entrusted with the responsibility of maintaining law and order and related issues of the district. He is assisted by the officers of the Himachal Police Service and other Himachal Police officials.

The era of planning started in Himachal in 1948 along with the rest of India. The first five year plan allocated Rs.5.27 crore to Himachal. More than 50% of this expenditure was incurred on road construction since it was felt that without proper transport facilities, the process of planning and development could not be carried to the people, who mostly lived an isolated existence in far away areas. Himachal now ranks fourth in respect of per capita income among the states of the Indian Union.[4]
Agriculture contributes over 45% to the net state domestic product. It is the main source of income and employment in Himachal. Over 93% of the population in Himachal depend directly upon agriculture which provides direct employment to 71% of its people. The main cereals grown are wheat, maize, rice and barley.
Himachal has a rich heritage of handicrafts. These include woolen and pashmina shawls, carpets, silver and metal ware, embroidered chappals, grass shoes, Kangra and Gompa style paintings, wood work, horse-hair bangles, wooden and metal utensils and various other house hold items. These aesthetic and tasteful handicrafts declined under competition from machine made goods and also because of lack of marketing facilities. But now the demand for handicrafts has increased within and outside the country.
Himachal is extremely rich in hydel resources. The state has about 25% of the national potential in this respect. It has been estimated that about 20,300MW of hydel power can be generated in the State by constructing various major, medium, small and mini/micro hydel projects on the five river basins. The state is also the first state in India to achieve the goal of having a bank account for every family.[4]
As per the current prices, the total GDP was estimated at Rs 25,435 crore (Rs 254,350,000,000), as against Rs 23,024 crore (Rs 230,240,000,000) in the year 2004-05, showing an increase of 10.5%.[20]

Transport
Main article: Transport in Himachal Pradesh

Kalka-Shimla RailwayRoads are the major mode of transport in the hilly terrains of Himachal Pradesh. The state has road network of 28,208 km (17,528 mi),[21] including eight national highways (NH) that constitute 1,234 km (767 mi).[21] Some roads get closed during winter and monsoon seasons due to snowfall and landslides. Regular bus services connect Shimla with Chandigarh, Kullu, Manali, Delhi, Mandi, Pathankot, Ambala, Chail and Dehradun. Local taxis are the major local transport here. District Hamirpur has got the highest road density in the country.[22]

Railway track is accessible only to a few places in Himachal Pradesh. The Pathankot–Jogindernagar line connectsPunjab with Himachal Pradesh. The other railway tracks pass through Shimla, Solan and Una. Shimla is connected with Kalka by a narrow gauge railway line, which in turn is connected with the major cities in India. Himachal has two narrow gauge rail tracks. The Kalka-Shimla Railway track has a length of 96 kilometers. It passes through 102 tunnels and crosses 864 bridges.[23][24]

There are three domestic airports in the state—Shimla Airport, Bhuntar Airport serving Kullu and Manali, and Gaggal Airport serving Kangra and Dharamsala. The air routes connect the state with Delhi and Chandigarh. There are no international airports in Himachal Pradesh. Jagson Airlines has flights from Delhi to Shimla.[25]

[edit] Demographics

Bhima Kali temple in RAMPUR district. Majority of Himachal Pradesh's populace practices Hinduism.The population of Himachal in 2001 stood at 6,077,248 as per the provisional results of the Census of India 2001.[26] The population of Himachal Pradesh includes estimated population of entire Kinnaur district, where the population enumeration of Census of India, 2001 could not be conducted due to natural calamity.[26] In terms of population it holds the same position (twenty first) among States and Union territories as at the previous census.[26] The population of the State rose by 17.53% between 1991-2001.[26] The sex ratio (i.e., the number of females per thousand males) of population was recorded as 970, which has declined from 976 in the previous census.[26] Total literacy of the State rose to 77.13% from 63.94% in 1991.[26]

The tribal population of the state comprise of the Gaddis, Kinnars, Gujjars, Pangawals, Lahaulis and Spitians.[27] The Gaddis are the traditional shepherds who migrate from the alpine pastures to the lower regions during the winters. The Kinnars are the inhabitants of the Kinnaur region and have traditionally practiced polyandry and polygamy. The Gujjars are nomads who rear buffalo herds. Himachal also has a sizeable population of Tibetans[27]

About 95.4% of the population of Himachal Pradesh consists of Hindus, Muslims 2.0%, Sikhs 1.2% and Buddhists 1.2% [28]. There main communities are Brahmins, Rajputs, Kannets, Rathis and Kolis. Himachal Pradesh has the highest proportion of Hindu population in India. Other religions are Sikhism and Buddhism. The Lahaulis of Lahaul and Spiti region are mainly Buddhists.[26]

The major spoken languages include Hindi, Punjabi, Mahasui, Kulluyi, Lahauli, Kinnauri, Chambyali, Sirmauri, Bilaspuri, Pahari, Dogri, Kangri.[27]

Some of the achievements in human development by the state are listed below[29]-

The life expectancy at birth was 62.8 years (higher than the national average of 57.7 years) for the period 1986–1990.[29]
The Infant mortality rate has fallen down from 118 in 1971 to 62 in 1999.
The crude birth rate has declined from 37.3 in 1971 to 22.6 in 1998 i.e. below the national average of 26.5 in 1998.
The crude death rate has declined from 15.6 in 1971 to 7.7 in 1998.
The Total Fertility Rate (TFR) has declined from 4.7 to 3.6.
Overall literacy grew by 34.65% between the period 1981 and 2001.
Kullu district is leading with the value of 0.534 in Human development index (HDI) [29]

Languages of the Sino-Tibetan languages spoken in Himachal Pradesh are the Sunam language 558 (1998), Gahri language 4,000 (1997), Jangshung language 1,990 (1998),Kanashi language 1,400 (2002 Chauhan), Kinnauri language 48,778, Kinnauri Bhoti language 6,000 (1998), Chitkuli language 1,060 (1998), Pattani language 11,000 (1997), Shumcho language 2,174 (1998) and the Tukpa language 723 (1998)[30]

[edit] Culture
Main article: Culture of Himachal Pradesh

Anglo-Indian architecture church in Shimla.Himachal was one of the few states that had remained largely untouched by external customs, largely due to its difficult terrain. With the technological advancements the state has changed very rapidly. It is a multireligional, multicultural as well as multilingual state like other Indian states. Some of the most commonly spoken languages includes Hindi, Punjabi, Pahari, Dogri, Kangri and Kinnauri.[27] The Hindu caste communities residing in Himachal include the Brahmins, Rajputs, Kannets, Rathis and Kolis.[31] There are also tribal population in the state which mainly comprise Gaddis, Kinnars, Gujjars, Pangawals, Sulehri and Lahaulis.[32]
The state is well known for its handicrafts. The carpets, leather works, shawls, paintings, metalware, woodwork and paintings are worth appreciating. Pashmina shawl is one of the product which is highly in demand not only in Himachal but all over the country. Himachali caps are also famous art work of the people. Extreme cold winters of Himachal necessitated wool weaving. Nearly every household in Himachal owns a pit-loom. Wool is also considered as pure and is used as a ritual cloth. The well known woven object is the shawl, ranging from fine pashmina to the coarse desar. Kullu is famous for its shawls with striking patterns and vibrant colours.

Local music and dance reflects the cultural identity of the state. Through their dance and music, they entreat their gods during local festivals and other special occasions. Apart from the fairs and festivals that are celebrated all over India, there are number of other fairs and festivals also that are of great significance to Himachal Pradesh.

Shimla, the state capital is home to Asia's only natural Ice skating rink[33].

The day to day food of Himachalis is very similar to the rest of the north India. They too have lentil, broth, rice, vegetables and bread. As compared to other states in north India non vegetarian is more preferred.[32] Some of the specialities of Himachal include Pateer, Chouck, Bhagjery, Patrode, Beduan and chutney of Til.

Famous people associated with Himachal include English author Rudyard Kipling, Indian film personalities Dalip Singh Rana (Khali; WWE wrestler), Anupam Kher, Preity Zinta, Amrish Puri (who studied here), and Prem Chopra (brought up here), economist and former vice-president of World Bank Shahid Javed Burki, Satyananda Stokes who introduced apple in the region, writer Idries Shah, ornithologist Allan Octavian Hume (had his home here), former general of Pakistan Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq and current President of Afghanistan Hamid Karzai who both studied here

He boasted that Himachal Pradesh has one of the highest literacy rates in India.[34] Hamirpur District is among the top districts in the country for literacy.[34] Education rates among women are quite encouraging in the state.[34]
The standard of education in the state has reached to a considerably high level as compared to other states in India.[34] The state has several reputed educational institutes for higher studies.

The Himachal Pradesh University (HPU), Shimla and the NIT, Hamirpur are some of the pioneer institutes located in the state. Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry has earned a unique distinction in India for imparting teaching, research and extension education in horticulture, forestry and allied disciplines.[34]

The government is working constantly to prepare various plans and projects in order to strengthen the education system of the state. Recently, the State Government has decided to start three nursing colleges to develop the health system in the state. There are over 10,000 primary schools, 1,000 secondary schools and more than 1,300 high schools in Himachal.[35] The state government has decided to start up with 3 major nursing colleges to develop the health system in the state.[34] In meeting the constitutional obligation to make primary education compulsory, Himachal has now became the first state in India to make elementary education accessible to every child in the state.[36]

The State has got Indira Gandhi Medical College and Hospital. Besides that there is Himachal Dental College which is the first recognised Dental Institute in the State.[37]

He also discussed tourism and religious tourism. I only knew Baishno Devi, the most famous religious place in Himachal. We have so many in Kumayoon and Garwal. Kedar, Badri, Gangotri, Jamonaotri, Joshimath, Jageshwar to Haridwar and Rishikesh!

Additional director general of police D S Manhas said Shimla that the death toll could well mount further. He said most of the injured had been taken to the district headquarters of Bilaspur, 70 km from here, and Anandpur Sahib in Punjab, 30 km from here.

The temple is located 160 km from state capital Shimla, the popular hill resort in northern India.

The accident took place around 400 metres from the main temple.

The crowd of devotees had gathered at the temple on the occasion of the 10-day Shravan Ashtami fair that began on Saturday.

According to mythology, an eye of Sati, Lord Shiva's consort, fell at the site during his tandav (dance of destruction), earning the place its name 'Naina Devi' - goddess's eye. It is one of the most popular shrines in north India

Tragedy shatters rain-soaked morning at Naina Devi temple

BILASPUR/HP: The serene atmosphere of the rain-soaked morning was shattered by a massive tragedy that struck an estimated 25,000 devotees, mostly from neighbouring Punjab, at the hilltop Naina Devi temple, about 45km from here, to offer prayers to the deity today.

As men, women and children waited in a serpentine queue to have a glimpse of the deity, suddenly all hell broke loose between 0930 hours and 0945 hours as people started running helter skelter for their life following rumour of a landslide and hurtling down of boulders from a nearby hilltop, triggering a huge stampede.

Temple officials said between 20,000 and 25,000 devotees were at the temple, a turnout much higher than the usual 10-15,000 because of local Navaratra festival, when the incident took place.

Batches of devotees returning from the temple ran down the road and crashed into pilgrims trekking up the 4km road to the reach the temple, triggering the stampede.

Children and women clutching the hands of their near and dear ones got separated in the the rush to escape the landslide, realising little that they were hurtling to another form of death.

As devotees tried to outpace each other to find an escape route, they tried to jump over the railings along the road leading to the temple. Coming under massive human pressure, the railings gave way and people fell down along the slope.

Several women and children, who could not jump the railings and stuck to the regular path, were trampled upon, witnesses said. History
Main article: History of Himachal Pradesh

The fort of Nahan, the capital of princely state of Sirmur.The history of the area that now constitutes Himachal Pradesh dates back to the time when the Indus valley civilisation flourished between 2250 and 1750 BCE.[7] Tribes such as the Koilis, Halis, Dagis, Dhaugris, Dasa, Khasas, Kinnars and Kirats inhabited the region from pre-histotic era. During the Vedic period, several small republics known as "Janapada" existed which were later conquered by the Gupta Empire.[8] After a brief period of supremacy by king Harshavardhana, the region was once again divided into several local powers headed by chieftains, including some Rajput prinicipalities. These kingdoms that enjoyed a large degree of independence were devastated by Muslim invaders a number of times.[7] Mahmud Ghaznavi conquered Kangra at the beginning of the 10th century. Timur and Sikander Lodi also marched through the lower hills of the state and captured a number of forts and fought many battles.[7] Several hill states acknowledged Mughal suzerainty and paid regular tribute to the Mughals.[9]

The Gorkhas, a martial tribe came to power in Nepal in the year 1768.[7] They consolidated their military power and began to expand their territory.[7] Gradually the Gorkhas annexed Sirmour and Shimla. With the leadership of Amar Singh Thapa, Gorkhas laid siege to Kangra. They managed to defeat Sansar Chand, the ruler of kangra, in 1806 with the help of many provincial chiefs. However Gorkhas could not capture Kangra fort which came under Maharaja Ranjeet Singh in 1809. After the defeat the Gorkhas began to expand towards the south of the state.However,Raja Ram Singh,Raja of Siba State re-captured the fort of Siba from the army of Maharaja Ranjit Singh in Samvat 1846.[7]

This led in the Anglo-Sikh war. They came into direct conflict with the British along the tarai belt after which the British expelled them from the provinces of the Satluj.[7] Thus the British gradually emerged as the paramount powers.[7] The revolt of 1857 or first Indian war of independence resulted due to the building up of political, social, economic, religious and military grievances against the British government.[7] People of the hill states were not politically alive as the people in other parts of the country.[7] They remained more or less inactive and so did their rulers with the exception of Bushahr.[7] Some of them even rendered help to the British government during the revolt. Among them were the rulers of Chamba, Bilaspur, Bhagal and Dhami. The rulers of Bushars rather acted in a manner hostile to the interests of British.[7]

The British territories in the hill came under British Crown after Queen Victoria's proclamation of 1858. The states of Chamba, Mandi and Bilaspur made good progress in many fields during the British rule.[7] During the first world war, virtually all rulers of the hill states remained loyal and contributed to the British war effort both in the form of men and materials. Amongst these were the states of Kangra, Jaswan,Datarpur,Guler, Nurpur, Chamba, Suket, Mandi and Bilaspur.[7]

After independence the Chief Commissioner's province of H.P. came into being on 15 April 1948. The province comprised of the hill districts around Shimla and southern hill areas of the former Punjab region. Himachal became a part C state on 26 January 1950 with the implementation of the Constitution of India. Himachal Pradesh became Union Territory on 1 November 1956.[7] On 18 December 1970 the State of Himachal Pradesh Act was passed by Parliament and the new state came into being on 25 January 1971. Thus Himachal emerged as the eighteenth state of Indian Union.[7]

[edit] Geography and climate
Main article: Geography of Himachal Pradesh

A summer view of KhajjiarHimachal is situated in the western Himalayas. Covering an area of 55,780 kilometres (34,660 mi),[1] Himachal Pradesh is a mountainous state with elevation ranging from about 350 metres (1,148 ft) to 6,000 metres (19,685 ft) above the sea level.[10]

Lahaul, Himachal Pradesh.The drainage system of Himachal is composed both of rivers and glaciers. Himalayan rivers criss-cross the entire mountain chain. In fact the rivers are older than the mountain system. [11] Himachal Pradesh provides water to both the Indus and Ganges basins.[12] The drainage systems of the region are the Chandra Bhaga or the Chenab, the Ravi, the Beas, the Sutlej and the Yamuna. These rivers are perennial and are fed by snow and rainfall. They are protected by an extensive cover of natural vegetation. [12]

There is great variation in the climatic conditions of Himachal due to extreme variation in elevation. The climate varies from hot and sub-humid tropical in the southern tracts to cold, alpine and glacial in the northern and eastern mountain ranges with more elevation.[13] The state has areas like Dharamsala that receive very heavy rainfall, as well as those like Lahaul and Spiti that are cold and almost rainless. Broadly Himachal experience three seasons; hot weather season, cold weather season and rainy season. Summer lasts from mid April till the end of June and most parts become very hot (except in alpine zone which experience mild summer) with the average temperature ranging from 28 °C (82 °F) to 32 °C (90 °F).[14] Winter lasts from late November till mid March. Snowfall is common in alpine tracts (generally above 2,200 metres (7,218 ft) i.e. in the Higher and Trans-Himalayan region).[14]

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himachal_Pradesh

A river gasps for life
The Ganga is ‘dying’, and fast. The most revered river of the country can no longer be classified as "threatened". If the WWF report ‘World’s top 10 rivers at risk’ is any indication, continuous water withdrawal, pollution and climate change have together created a situation of very high risk for our most famous river, reports Vibha Sharma

"What makes a river so restful to people is that it doesn’t have any doubt—it is sure to where it is going, and it doesn’t want to go anywhere else," Pulitzer prize-winning columnist Hal Boule once said. This statement, however, no longer holds true as some of the world’s greatest rivers, including the Ganga, are no longer assured of reaching the sea unhindered, says the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF). Human greed, expanding population and climate change have together ensured that.

(Above) The Ganga at Prayag; (bottom) the bathing ghats at Banaras. How long will the river remain the lifeline of those who are sustained by it?
In the years to come the northern plains, heavily dependent on the Ganga, are likely to face severe water scarcity. Together with the onslaught of industrial and sewage pollutants, the river’s fate stands more or less sealed.

"Among the categories dead, dying and threatened, I would put the Ganga in the dying category," says WWF Programme Director Sejal Worah.

The other heavyweight to join in the list from the Indian subcontinent is the mighty Indus. The Indus, too, has been the victim of climate change, water extraction and infrastructure development. "In all, poor planning and inadequate protection of natural means have ensured that the world population can no longer assume that water is going to flow forever," WWF says, adding that the world’s water suppliers—rivers-on-every-continent are dying, threatening severe water shortage in the future.

The other rivers of the world are at the mercy of over-extraction, climate change, pollution, dams and over-fishing are the Yangtze, the Mekong-Lancang, the Salween-Nu, the Danube, the La Plata, the Rio Grande, the Nile and the Murray-Darling. The bottomline, therefore, is that rivers are no longer assured of reaching the sea unhindered.

As per the WWF, water extraction is the only one of the daunting challenges that a river faces as it makes its way to its terminus. "Dams and channelising destroy habitats, cuts rivers off from their floodplains and alter the natural ebb and flow on which a river’s plants and animals depend. Invasive species crowd rivers’ banks, drive out native fish and choke their courses. Pollution fouls their waters, sometimes turning life-giving rivers into threats to human health. And climate change threatens to alter all the rules that rivers have lived by for thousands of years".

While the imminent fresh water crisis is bigger than the 10 rivers listed, the summary mirrors the extent to which unabated development is jeopardising nature’s ability to meet growing demands.

The huge volume of waste generated by millions of people living in the cities on the banks of the Ganga is passed on into the river
What’s wrong?

The Ganga is facing a threat due to increased water withdrawal for agriculture, pollution, climate change and the 14 proposed large dams. In India, barrages control all the tributaries to the Ganga and divert about 60 per cent of the river to large-scale irrigation, the WWF report claims.

Over-extraction for agriculture in the river has caused a great reduction in surface water resources, increasing dependence on groundwater, loss of water-based livelihoods and the destruction of habitat for 109 fish species and other aquatic and amphibian fauna.

"Lowering water levels have indirectly led to deficiencies in organic content of the soil and reduced agricultural productivity. Over-extraction of ground water has affected the water quality. Inadequate recharging of groundwater impairs the natural cleansing of arsenic which becomes water soluble when exposed to air threatening the health of the people likely to use it. Climate change will excarberate the problems caused by water extraction. The Himalayan glaciers are estimated to supply 30 to 40 per cent of the water in the Ganga, which is particularly critical in dry seasons prior to monsoon," the WWF cautions.

Another major problem has been pollution caused by polluting industries due to which large amounts of chemicals like chromium find their way into its rapidly decreasing flow. And that’s not about all. The sheer volume of waste generated by millions of people living in the cities on its banks is passed on into the river in almost untreated form.

Ganga, the people’s river

The Ganga originates from the Gangotri glaciers, a vast expanse of ice, five miles by 15, at the foot of the Himalayas, (14,000 feet above sea level). It is the source of the Bhagirathi, which joins the Alakhnanda to form the Ganga at Devprayag. Incidentally, the sources of the Indus and the Brahmaputra are also close by but while one ultimately flows out into the sea through Pakistan, the other spends a major portion of its life in Tibet/China.

As far as the Ganga is concerned, from Devprayag to the Bay of Bengal and the Sunderbans delta, the river and its tributaries like the Yamuna, the Ghagar, the Gandak, the Son, the Gomti and the Chambal cover a vast expanse. It breathes life into some of the most important cities of the northern plains—Delhi, Agra, Lucknow, Kanpur, Allahabad, Varanasi, Patna and Kolkota.

With a basin spread over an amazing 1,016, 124 square km, covering parts of India, Nepal, China and Bangladesh, the river supports a population of more than 200 million. The Ganga basin occupies 30 per cent of the land area in India and interestingly one in 12 people in the world live in its catchment area.

The WWF says that the Ganga basin supports a rich biodiversity with 140 fish species, 90 amphibian species and five areas supporting birds found nowhere else in the world. It is home to the endangered Ganges river dolphin and the rare freshwater shark—Glyphis ganeticus. The unique Sunderbans delta supports more than 289 terrestrial, 219 aquatic, 315 bird, 1276 fish and 31 crustacean species. There are also 35 reptile and 42 mammals, including the world’s last population of tigers living in mangroves. Sunderbans, the delta of Ganga, or rather the Hoogly and the Padma, covers 42,000 square-km and is home to the Royal Bengal Tiger.

Pilgrimage towns like Hardwar, Banaras and Allahabad hold special significance, and not just for devout Hindus. For millions, the Ganga is the centre of social and religious traditions. What makes the Ganga so special for India is that for the people in India it is associated with a way of life and is the symbol of India’s age-old civilisation and culture.

Ganga on film

Its close association and significance in the life of the people has made it the focus of many Hindi and Bhojpuri blockbusters. The river automatically brings to the mind names of Bollywood grossers like Ram Teri Ganga Maili, Jis Desh Mein Ganga Behti Hai and Ganga Tera Paani Amrit. Several Hindi film songs have been shot on its waters. The Canadian entry for 2007 Oscars—Mira Nair’s Water—focused on the plight of widows in the temple town of Banaras. Initially planned to be picturised in Banaras, the shooting locales were later shifted to Sri Lanka following protests.

Action plan

The Ganga Action Plan, initiated by the government to control pollution in the Ganga and its tributaries in different phases, has been slow.

The Ganga runs its course of over 2,500 km from Gangotri to Ganga Sagar through 29 class I cities, 23 class II cities and about 48 towns.

While GAP-I was still in progress, the Central Ganga Authority decided to take up GAP-II in February 1991, on the tributaries of Ganga like Yamuna, Damodar and Gomti, in 25 class I cities left out of the phase-I and in other polluting cities along the river. GAP-II was to be completed by December 2001.

Despite heavy investments towards cleaning, pollution levels in the river remain as dangerous. While lower water levels can be attributed to over-extraction, climate change and infrastructure development, environmentalists say that close to 90 per cent of the pollution in the river is caused by sewage, which continues to flow unabated into it. Pollution level in the Ganga is the biggest contributor in spreading water-borne diseases among those residing on its banks.

Officials, of course, shift the blame of delays on the lack of experience of state agencies, delay in land acquisition, litigation and court cases, contractual disputes and diversion of funds.

Source trouble

The situation is no less scary at the source of the Ganga—the Gangotri. The glacier receded at an alarming rate of 17.15 metres per year between 1971 and 2004, according to a study conducted by the Department of Science and Technology. One more study estimated that the glacier retreated 12.10 metres during 2004-05, another example of global warming and climate change.

Agencies conducting regular monitoring of several glaciers during the past 100 years in major basins of Himalayas from Shyok in the west to Changme Khangpu (Tista) in the East have revealed that a majority of the glaciers in the Himalayan region are passing through a phase of recession.

Climate change

Environmentalists say that climate change is closer than we think and will hit agrarian developing countries like India the hardest. While the north will face the water crisis with 50 per cent less water in the next 18 years, coastal areas like Mumbai can face the threat of innundation and 20 per cent increased risk of cyclonic storms. "On a scale of one to 10, I would put India’s capacity to meet with challenges ahead at 0.5 points. Everyone seems to be talking about climate change, but as an actual measure very little is being done," IPCC Chairman R.K. Pachauri says.

"Adaptation will be necessary to address impacts resulting from the warming which is already unavoidable due to past emissions. We need much more work on the monsoon given its importance to life and agriculture in this country. The country has to devise anticipatory measures, including protective infrastructure and encouraging natural methods," he adds.

Sixty feared dead in landslide in Indian Himalayas
15 Aug 2007 06:11:28 GMT
Source: Reuters
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CHANDIGARH, India, Aug 15 (Reuters) - Around 60 people are thought to have died in the Indian Himalayas after a cloudburst caused a landslide that buried an entire village, officials said on Wednesday.

The army has been called in to look for bodies after Tuesday night's cloudburst in Dharla village in the northern state of Himachal Pradesh. But heavy rain was hampering rescue work.

"There is so much debris which has fallen on the houses that nothing except few lanterns are visible," local police officer Vidya Chand Negi told Reuters. "Huge boulders 20 to 25-feet high have completely crushed the houses."

Negi said five bodies had been recovered and around 55 people were missing, with 14 houses and a primary health centre buried.

"We don't expect any survivors," he said, adding
Recession may cause an increase in the discharge of Himalayan rivers due to enhanced melting, initially leading to a higher incidence of flooding and landslides. It spells disaster for areas dependent on perennial rivers like the Ganga. As the volume of ice diminishes, there will be no water left to flow in the river.

http://www.tribuneindia.com/2007/20070520/spectrum/main1.htm