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  • Reality Hazards, Crime and Iconised Economy

    Reality Hazards, Crime and Iconised Economy

    Troubled Galaxy Destroyed Dreams: Chapter 16

    Palash Biswas

    http://troubledgalaxydetroyeddreams.blogspot.com/

    We are habitual to celebrate the rat race amongst the Generation Next lost in virtual Reality in an Era of Sovereign Market run by the Post Modern Manusmriti Apartheid White Zionist Hindu Galaxy Order of corporate Imperialism.Young people are being tragically corrupted by a seductive new form of popular entertainment. Oddly enough, this seems to happen in every generation.

    Columbus happens to be the Post Modern Manu Maharaj. The icon of Hindu Zionist white Galaxy Imperialism Columbus happens to be Corporate now. The Phenomenon of Genocide is corporate. It is ultimate silencer as the indigenous people, always deprived of knowledge, is defeated in a war of Information. The History of Genocide repeats itself in every part of this Globe.

    The Genocide is Iconised! It is Open Market. It is neoliberalism. It is fashion. It is Reality Show. It is TV clipping, Print Media, Net,Mobile,Fashion,Ramp,Style,Brand and Vogue ultimate.

    Our ancestors could not resist , neither we may!

    Bishop Fred Henry exposes the moral bankruptcy of his brand of Catholicism with his statement on the cervical cancer vaccine. That he would prefer to risk anyone having this terrible disease over possibly appearing to condone early sexual behaviour is clearly a sign of his deeply skewed priorities. Young people are going to have sex. Shaking your finger at them doesn't help, nor does exposing them to additional risks from the practice by not preparing them with proper education and health-care precautions. The same attitude in Africa was a huge contributor to the spread of the AIDS virus, as Catholic priests taught people there that condoms did not work. If you believe this behaviour is wrong, then teach your children that, but don't make the hazards of sexual behaviour greater just to prove that you disapprove of it.

    Today newspapers in India are full of news of murder committed by teenagers like Vishal or Chandra. The National Crime Research Bureau (NCRB) says that 83.7 per cent crimes committed by juveniles in 2006 came under the Indian Penal Code. While Maharashtra reported the highest number of IPC crimes among juveniles in 2006, Madhya Pradesh registered the highest number of crimes such as murder, rape, kidnapping and abduction. The news of teenagers being used to smuggle marijuana makes almost regular headlines in the dailies.

    Sometimes the teenager is a drug addict who is being sent to a mental hospital. Sometimes it is one accused of murdering his alcoholic father. At other times it is a teenager committing suicide after fighting with his parents.

    Merit lists are published every year. Photos create symphony of Iconisation. Interviews are live casted. But we never try to locate the toppers in different exams during the year followed.What happens to them?

    One of them, Indrajeet Chatterjee from Kolkata surfaced this time to open our eyes, if we have twosome! Indrajeet was published to have stood Seventh in the Higher Secondary Exams in 1982, but later enquiries proved the claims to be false. But Kolkata media highlighted this so called standing.

    In fact, Generation Next is engaged in super rat race. nothing is enough less than ninety percent in any exams. Toppers often get Full marks minus two or three.Bulk of candidates get Star. The appear in different competitive exams. Some of them happen to be lucky to get admission in IIT or IIM. Many of them get admission in Medical and engineering Colleges. But thousands of Star students are not lucky enough to follow up with their earlier success. Liberalisation, Privatisation and Globalisation have killed the Natural Resources, Natural Livelihood and Indigenous production system. Job is never available in Open Market. Reservation wo'nt do any help either. Campus recruitment is a solution who get admission in suitable institution with a meat of Donation in lacs. MBAs do work as boys in five star hotels. engineers struggle to get job.

    Graduation, Post Graduation and Research students may have better knowledge, but have very little scope in job market. Only job available is marketing. Some bright students get very high salary. Some get high. Some go abroad. But the rest have to satisfy with substandard jobs and working conditions.

    What option is there for the Rest?

    But the Consumer Culture makes them habitual with hi-fie hazardous lifestyle which they may not afford in along run of time.IT industry with some spoken English and technical diploma or degree opens doors of outsourcing. The long working hours and tough schedule create an environment of depression. The temporary Hire Fire jobs with Hi FIE salary stays very little.But the style and brand remain. Cyber crimes are not surprising in India nowadays. The Bollywood films have innovated ways of perfect crime. They have the lead. And the result, we know very well.

    In the last 12 months, some 10 Indian government ministry websites have been targets of cyber attacks. Recently, security experts with Boston-based Core Security Technologies said such attackers could “gain control of countries’ water treatment plants, natural gas pipelines and other critical utilities”.

    At the same time, a number of online privacy concerns have surfaced. Mediadefender, a system designed to spot and prevent copyright infringement, has come under fire for crippling networks for alleged piracy. In August 2007, Comcast, the second largest Internet service provider, or ISP, in the US had drawn flak from advocacy groups for “actively interfering with Internet traffic”, choking bandwidth to file-sharing networks such as Bittorent. In a phone interview, Howard Schmidt, an information networks expert and a senior cyber-security adviser in the Bush administration, talks about the growing concern over surveillance and monitoring on the Internet.

    The Apple iPhone has not officially hit Indian shores, yet spammers have launched a malicious email spam campaign that employs social-engineering tactics. Visitors who click on an embedded link for ‘presentation' or for ‘more information,' on the iPhone, could end up downloading a trojan — malware that transmits a computer virus, opening up the computer system to fraudsters.

    Previously, a similar attack designed around iPhone was discovered by Sunbelt Software. Windows-run computers were infected by the malware, triggered by visiting legitimate sites such as yahoo.com or google.com where an embedded link prompted users to visit iPhone.com.

    Users were redirected to a pseudo site under the control of fraudsters. Victims were then asked to send payment for their Apple iPhone through Western Union or Moneygram rather than via a credit card.

    These scams, say experts, are part of a criminal-to-criminal (C2C) business model. A Finjan (web security solutions provider), report states: "Owners of malicious sites share their victims with other site owners in order to leverage the strength of one site and provide business to the other." Trojan 2.0 attacks use regular Web 2.0 technology and websites to exploit legitimate web services, said Finjan, which has monitored such attacks through its Malicious Code Research Centre (MCRC).

    Just create Icons! And then, escalate the killingfields! The infinite Hunting ground! This is Vogue today. Consumer culture needs a Killing Instict and thus, you don`t feel anything when uprooted! It is precise surgical operation. Man made calamities play havoc while you indulge yourselves in Carnivals infinite with Virtual Icons created to destroy you! Thus, the Zionist Hindu Manusmriti Order has not to face any resistance and the Brahminical hegemony remains intact. You are spellbound by the Icons and never feel the pain to react in revolt!

    Iconised economy demands fresh Icons to boost the market. Brand is the last word. So shining India is a Brand and brand happens to be the Capitalist Marxist Chief Minister of Left Ruled West Bengal. Sensex India gets a new set of Icons to boost Sensex india. West Bengal is facing a rough weather and All local TV Channels focused on either Indian Idol or Twenty 20 World cup. Wacthing Indian TV Channels you have to stumble on either Laughter channel, Soft porn covered crime stories or reality shows. All realities are so subverted and you have no Chance to get a news update. So it is the same case with the Print Media which press for more skin, more ramps, more sensation, more scandals, more crime, more style, eat outs, life style and Icons. News always overplayed or underplayed!

    The established Icons are also engaged in hazardous life style leading to crime.

    Breaking News! Putting all rumors and speculations into rest, the Noida police finally arrested Arushi Talwar's father Dr. Rajesh Talwar. Arushi's mother Nupur Talwar and Dr. Rajesh's friend and assistant Dr. Anita Durrani is also under scanner. The police confirmed that they have been arrested on charges of murder of Arushi and Hemraj. The Noida SSP had yesterday hinted at the possible angle of honour killing.

    14-day remand won, CBI expects help’s help to seize Arushi, Hemraj’s phones, murder weapon

    After getting Durani family help Rajkumar’s custody for 14 days in the Noida double murder case, CBI officials on Saturday said the suspect has promised help in recovery of crucial evidence, including Arushi Talwar’s mobile phone.

    The prosecution submitted Rajkumar’s confessional statement, made under Section 161 of CrPC, in the court of special judicial magistrate Sapna Mishra Tripathi along with the case diary. The case diary says Rajkumar has confessed that he had first switched off Arushi’s mobile phone and later allegedly broke it and hid it. The case diary also says he has “agreed to help the investigation agency in finding Hemraj’s mobile and khukri” used in the crime.

    The CBI had arrested Rajkumar on Friday as third suspect in the May 15 murders —Arushi’s father Dr Rajesh Talwar and his compounder Krishna are in judicial custody. In court today, Rajkumar wore a relaxed look, at times even cracking a smile.

    Next Battlefield is the space and you have an Icon to prepare for that.Cricket Carnival goes on with Reality Shows and Parliamentary soap opera!

    Whatever may be the case, Shinjini is an example of parental ambitiousness and illusions. Great expectations of parents have resulted in disasters. Nowadays, from toddlers to teenagers, children are subjected to tremendous pressure. The media makes things worse. Even after the publication of Madhyamik or CBSE results, we find the TV channels arranging interviews with the rank holders, thus rousing such expectations in the mind of parents of other children. It is true that Shinjini’s family is under great stress. But the family cannot avoid all responsibilities regarding their daughter’s illness. They should have taken due precaution about Shinjini’s sickness before they engaged her in the reality show.

    Only the other day, we got to know the horrid story of little Biswajit, who was killed with a bat by his own father as he wanted his son to be the best tennis player. Parents, today, run after the illusion of money and fame. They make their children the scapegoats without taking care of their weaknesses and drawbacks.

    A city court Tuesday remanded Bengali film producer Indrajit Chatterjee, arrested for alleged Rs.150 million bank fraud, in police custody till July 5. Chatterjee’s bail plea was rejected by the Chief Metropolitan Magistrate’s court Tuesday. He was arrested Monday from Howrah district’s Kona Expressway.

    The police Tuesday arrested Amit Sen, an associate of Chatterjee, from the Entally area in the central part of the city.

    “We have got some important documents regarding the fraud from him. Another partner-in-crime, Dipankar Chatterjee, was nabbed Monday late night,” city police deputy commissioner (detective department) Jawed Shamim told IANS.

    Chatterjee took loans from several banks against a single property in 2006 and even produced a Bengali film before going undercover. He defrauded the banks of about Rs.150 million, a police official said.

    “Even CBI (Central Bureau of Investigation) had filed two cases against Chatterjee for similar crimes,” the official said.

    Ban on cellphone in classroom cannot be interpreted as a restraint on the rights of the learners. Excessive use of cellphones is an interference into the rights of others in the classroom. It is a huge distraction. The implementation of the ban is a smart decision.. The society should have its own disciplines. The academic institutions expect this kind of restrain from the teachers and the taught. Schools may have intercom systems and people to search and reach out to the students in an emergency. Schools are for education, not for talking/messaging/downloading with a cellphone. Cellphones are a luxury convenience, not a necessity.

    Cell phones and iPods play a big part in a learners life, in the post graduate and research classes, especially in science subjects. But at the same time we should not forget that students need motivation to do work in class. For example, if they have a quiet time, they might find it easier to complete their work if they listen to music. But it should not be at the cost of disturbing others.

    OF LATE, the Toronto school board has banned cellphones in the classrooms. Now, in India cellphones must be switched off in schools and colleges of the North East. In the only autonomous college of West Bengal, St Xaviers, cellphones have to be kept off in classrooms. Even in the corridors, the students are not allowed to use cellphones as it is regarded disruptive to the learning environment. To be hanging around a cellphone in front of a teacher is to show disrespect to the teachers.

    The family of 16-year-old Shinjini Sengupta landed in Bangalore from Kolkata on Friday, pinning its hopes on the National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro-sciences (NIMHANS). While doctors are yet to arrive at a final diagnosis, they surmise that depression could be a likely cause.

    SHINJINI SENGUPTA, a 16-year old class XI student of a reputed Kolkata school, participated in a popular dance contest, which is aired Monday - Wednesday on ETV Bangla channel. During the shooting of the reality show, Shinjini was rebuked for her lackadaisical performance by the judges. The incident made Shinjini psychologically and biologically vulnerable. She was traumatised over being scolded and suffered a paralytic attack. She slipped into depression and then lost her speech and finally could not even use her limbs. She is now seriously ill and has been admitted to the state-run National Institute of Mental Health and Sciences (NIMHANS).

    Shinjini couldn't cope with the "public humiliation" by judges. She has slipped into depression, has stopped speaking and can't even move her limbs. She was brought to Bangalore after doctors in Kolkata couldn't zero in on the exact cause of her condition.

    Psychiatrists feel that Shinjini might have been a victim of extreme form of depression. General physicians ascribed the serious illness to her biological vulnerability and disorder in the spinal chord. The neurological disorder led to severe weakness and numbness for Shinjini. The doctors are not sure if Shinjini will at all be fully cured. This is simply unfortunate that a talented girl like Shinjini has become a victim of such incurable sickness. Shinjini has been subjected to tremendous pressure. The parents as well as the judges are responsible for the girl’s sad state to a large extent.

    Days after 16-year-old girl from Kolkata went into coma after being rebuked on a reality show, opinion is divided over who is to be blamed for her plight -- her parents or the judges on the show.

    In what was a dramatic moment on a reality show, the judgest decided to oust a young teenage girl from the show, which left her in tears. However, for 16-year-old Shinjini Sengupta, the rebuke proved to be devastating. The oust affected her to an extent that she went into depression.

    Within days, she lost her speech and was unable to even move her limbs. Shinjini is now admitted in a hospital in Bangalore, where she is under psychatric care. Devastated at what has happened to his daughter, Shinjini's father said that the line has to be drawn somewhere. He said, "I am fighting for my daughter's life and death. So this should not take place for other father's as well. Such kind of programme's should be stopped."

    However, the judges said that it is not their fault, but that of parents who push their kids too far. Ringo -- one of the judges said, "It is ridiculous that we are being targeted. Unfortunately parents push their kids too far, which eventually leads to such an emotional outburst and trauma."

    Shinjini's plight has raised questions on how far televison reality shows should go in the race for ratings. Well known singer Sonu Nigam and judge of popular reality shows said, "It is unfair to treat anyone like this. Just because one can sing well or dance well, it does not mean that they have to compare themselves to someone in front of them and not if that person is a child."

    Calling such reality shows as a catalyst for channel viewership, Sonia Mehta a renowned Psychologist said, "This suddent emotional outburst and over reaction adds to the TRP's and increases the channel's viewership."

    On the other hand, the Union Women and Child Development Minsiter -- Renuka Chaudhary blamed the parents and said, "Why do parents put so much pressure on their kids?"

    Shinjini Sengupta, like any typical teenager loved singing and dancing, but life on reality television is not all fun and laughter - a truth that the 16-year-old had to find out the hard way.

    Shinjini Sengupta is better than when she was flown in to Bangalore for treatment, her mother said Sunday.

    “Shinjini's condition is much better than what it was before she was admitted to this hospital late Friday. It was worse earlier. Some more tests were conducted till afternoon. A medical team is monitoring her health parametres,” her mother Sibani Sengupta told IANS Sunday at the neuro-centre of the state-run National Institute of Mental and Health Sciences (Nimhans).

    Though Shinjini managed to sleep for longer time during the last 36 hours, investigations were being done to ascertain the main cause of her paralytic condition and prescribe medication accordingly.

    “Doctors and nurses are first trying to improve her response to liquid food through intravenous (IV) system. They say it will take another day or two to study the various tests and decide the course of treatment. Even we (my husband D.K. Sengupta and I) are not allowed to meet or be with Shinjini when tests and diagnoses are under way,” Sibani said, trying to hide her anguish over the trauma her daughter was going through.

    Doctors on duty declined to comment or give any information on Shinjini's condition. They are trying to locate and identify the neurotic order that paralysed her vocal chords and limbs movement - whether it was due to nervous breakdown, blood clot or deep depression - a couple of weeks after the reality show performance in Kolkata.

    The much-awaited medical bulletin of the hospital on Shinjini was neither prepared nor released to the waiting media despite such an assurance by the hospital resident medical officer (RMO) on Saturday.

    “We are hoping for the best with prayers and god's blessing. It is too early to say when Shinjini will be able to recover fully. Our priority is to first stabilise her condition. Make her take food and come out of the depression she appears to have gone into after the tragic incident at the reality show,” Sibani noted.

    Shinjini's father could not be contacted as he was inside the special ward attending to her after a CEG test and where visitors, especially mediapersons, are barred from entry.

    "Two MRIs have been done and more tests will be done on Tuesday. Doctors suspect it could be due to psychological pressure. Basically, my daughter is a very shy person and would suppress her emotions. This could be the cause for her condition and NIMHANS is our last hope," said her father D K Sengupta.

    NIMHANS medical superintendent Dr B N Gangadar said doctors were still examining the girl and trying to figure out why she slipped into depression and what could be the consequences. Alluding to the case indirectly, Dr Gangadar said: "Depression is a disorder of the mind that can biologically impair patients. Patients stop sleeping, eating and consequently lose appetite. If untreated, patients with depression are prone to committing suicide."

    When asked whether Sengupta's loss of speech and limb movement was a result of her psychological condition or depression, Dr Gangadar said, "We can say at this juncture that she could be suffering from depression. Depression does not lead to permanent loss of speech or physical disability. We are diagnosing why that has happened. There could be complex neurological factors leading to such conditions."

    That Sengupta was affected so seriously is shocking considering she is a highly talented girl. She is a good dancer, has acted in teleserials and appeared in a Bengali film. Sengupta was affected when she was rebuked by judges during a dance competition on a Bengali channel on May 19.

    She was taken to Ramakrishna Mission Seva Pratishthan for diagnosis who then referred her to a psychiatrist.

    Children breaking down during such shows because they couldn't win or because judges didn't say good things about them are a common sight on TV.

    It is not that only one Shinjini has suffered in one reality show. There are thousands of Shinjinis all around us in this society. The commodified society measures men and women in terms of money and material achievement. The stress factor and cut-throat Other Articles by Dr. Ratan Bhattacharjee

    We should remember that without adequate precaution, such rat race for money and fame can prove to be disastrous. Well, talents are to be nourished and not to be exploited. Danseuse Tanushree Shankar, another judge in the reality show said, “Shinjini was a great dancer, but unfortunately she was eliminated because of her performance on that particular day. We always want to see her back on stage. We also pray for Shinjini and other such unfortunate girls that they are able to recollect their usual self.”

    Young people are being tragically corrupted by a seductive new form of popular entertainment. Oddly enough, this seems to happen in every generation.

    In his 1883 book, Traps for the Young, U.S. postal inspector Anthony Comstock warned of the sinful hazards of reading dime novels. In his 1954 book, Seduction of the Innocent, child psychiatrist Fredric Wertham warned of the psychosexual perils of poring over comic books. In their 2008 book, Grand Theft Childhood, Harvard Medical School psychiatrists Lawrence Kutner and Cheryl Olson warn about video games.

    The gist of their warning: Don't jump to conclusions.

    Video games have a dual reputation as harmlessly exciting fun and as home training systems for mass murderers. Kutner and Olson's book shows that neither characterization is true across the board, although one of them is much closer to the truth than the other.

    Using a 1.5 million dollars grant from the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, part of the U.S. Justice Department, Kutner and Olson set out to explore what kinds of video games children aged 12 to 14 play, how they play them, why they play them, and what relationships there might be between game habits and other behavior.

    The two researchers, who are also the married parents of a video game-playing teenage son, surveyed more than 1,200 middle school students in Pennsylvania and South Carolina, along with 500 parents of those children. They also conducted focus groups of middle school boys and (separately) their parents in the Boston area.

    Their survey did not directly address serious criminal behavior, in part to avoid asking kids to incriminate themselves, but their book uses statistics published by the Justice Department to conclude that "Video game popularity and real-world youth violence have been moving in opposite directions. Violent juvenile crime in the United States reached a peak in 1993 and has been declining ever since."

    Mass shootings at schools are the ultimate juvenile crime nightmare, but Grand Theft Childhood (Simon and Schuster, 260 pp, 25 dollars) cites a U.S. Secret Service study concluding that only "one in eight school shooters showed any interest in violent video games."

    The couple recently discussed their own study with The Daily Yomiuri in a telephone interview from their home office in Boston. "What we were really looking at was the issue of violence and the typical child. That's something where we don't see evidence of any sort of worrisome connection," Kutner said. "At least not the big scary stuff, the going out and shooting or stabbing someone," Olson added.

    However, they did find that kids who listed M-rated games among the ones they had played "a lot" in the previous six months were significantly likelier to have problems of a less dramatic nature, such as getting into fights with other kids, getting into trouble at school or shoplifting.

    "It's true, but it needs to be put into perspective, in that the majority of kids who play them still do not get into trouble," Kutner said.

    A game rated M, or mature, by the Entertainment Software Ratings Board (ESRB), a U.S. industry group, is suggested for players aged 17 and older. (In Japan, games thought suitable for the same age range are rated D by the Computer Entertainment Ratings Organization, or CERO.)

    "Different groups are cherry-picking our results. There are a lot of avid gamers who are saying that we proved there was no relationship, and that's not true. We actually found that there was some correlation among normal problematic behaviors and the amount of gameplay and type of gameplay," Kutner said. "And at the same time, people on the other side, saying games are evil, were saying: 'Look! They're showing this.' Back when Grand Theft Auto IV was released [in early May], we did a lot of interviews, and there were several stations in Boston that interviewed Cheryl [Olson]. And she told them essentially the same thing in the individual interviews.

    "And that evening one of them set up the story saying, 'Experts say there's nothing to worry about,' which isn't what we say. And they showed her quote. And another station said, 'Experts say there's a lot to worry about,' and they showed the same quote."

    "Pretty much the same quote," Olson said.

    "There are times when people will not let information interfere with their preconceived notions," Kutner concluded.

    Their survey was conducted at the end of 2004, not long after Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas was released. It was no surprise that the GTA games collectively ranked No. 1 in the titles most frequently played by boys. But they were surprised to see the famously violent game series come in second on the girls' list (after The Sims, which didn't even make the boys' top 10).

    "Anecdotally, it sounds like [girls] play it a little bit differently than the boys do," Kutner said.

    "We had a couple of young college student research assistants who were telling us about how they played it," Olson explained. "And they would drive around and go to the mall and shop for clothes and things. But I'm sure there must be some girls who are also playing it to get their anger out, though, and that's what our 'reasons for play' questions suggested. Many boys are using violent games to manage their emotions and get their anger out and so on, but there's a substantial number of girls who may be doing that as well."

    Boys who vent their frustrations by shooting monsters are not likely to do the same with people because they have a better grasp of the distinction between fantasy and reality than adults sometimes give them credit for. One finding pointing at this idea is that kissing and swearing were the two things that boys mentioned most often when describing why they thought their younger siblings should not be allowed to play certain games.

    Olson said that "swearing and kissing...are things that they or their little siblings can do in real life. That really struck us as great evidence of how good they were at distinguishing fantasy versus reality, if they were zeroing in on the two things that were possible to do in the real world."

    "You know," she joked, "girls are much scarier than zombies, because girls are real."

    Discussing boy-girl relations in a more serious vein, Olson described a game called Def Jam Vendetta, which features "rappers that are wrestling or fighting each other. And as you get higher in the levels, you start to win women as trophies. The sexism is something that I think Larry [Kutner] and both strongly object to. Were our son 13 or 14 today, I would have much more concern with him playing a title that glorifies sexism and [shows] women as objects to be won than a game that has him blasting away at some aliens."

    An intriguing sidelight in Grand Theft Childhood is that for boys (although not yet for girls), playing games together, talking about games and sharing game techniques has become such a mainstream method of socializing that it is the kids who don't play who are now de facto abnormal. Olson cautioned that no real conclusions could be drawn about this group in the study because their numbers were too small for statistically significant findings.

    But as for the overall results, Kutner mentioned one excellent reason to have confidence that the kids had reported accurately on the role of video games in their lives: "Unlike a lot of research that is done on students, this was something they were interested in."

    Juvenile crimes

    ONCE MORE the country is concerned over juvenile crimes. There are not just one Vishal or one Chandra who can be put to prison so that all juvenile criminals are silenced.

    Juvenile crime is the burning question of the day. The number of juvenile crimes is increasing everyday. In India juvenile crime occurs chiefly because of parental neglect, narcotic addiction, boredom, unemployment, the evil influence of Bollywood and Hollywood potboilers, love- revenges, poverty and the abundance of alcohol.

    Juvenile crime has a global dimension. Only a few days earlier Se ung-Hui Cho’s Virginia Tech killings have raised a plethora of questions. Teenage violence and creative writing have become synonymous. Seung-Hui Cho in his creative writing classes wrote two dreadful plays. Teenage sex crime victims are shown fantasizing about killing their molesters. In Mr. Brownstone, three 17-year-old high school students sneak into a casino to escape a teacher who they say has sodomized them. "I wanna kill him," says a character named John. "If he’s a leech, we’ll be able to yank it off and squash him beneath our boots," adds Joe. Jane follows shortly with: "I wanna watch him bleed like the way he made us kids bleed." Richard McBeef is his second play in which a teenager is seen accusing his new stepfather of molesting him and murdering his father.

    Some surveys have measured correlation between adolescent crime and family problems. Ten times as many juvenile delinquents come from an atmosphere of vulgarity or heavy drinking as from a normal environment.

    Sometimes classrooms turn the teenagers to criminals. In the classrooms most teachers do not want to pay attention to any comment from students they have named as ‘bad’. They treat them like untouchables in the class. This kind of unequal treatment is often at the root of all troubles. At times it is seen that the dropouts of the schools fall prey to drug addiction. The world of drugs is a lonely world of mental frustration, false happiness and sickness. One time smoking of marijuana may get one hooked on heroin forever. But how can these be remedied? Certainly not by punishment. In Imphal sometimes the feet of the young boys are cut to bleed as a punishment for smoking hash. But later these boys go astray and they really become the garbage and spoil the society.

    Adolescents in their search of more affection and satisfaction are often abused by drugs. Some again engage themselves in violence. Today’s youths search more affection and satisfaction than the youth in the past and the questions remain unanswered. Generation conflict is not the only answer. The future of the country, nay the whole world is in the hands of the youth. But if they are not empowered today, time will take them slowly and quietly and with much anguish and bewilderment, to a confused society. So the need of the hour is to love the youths, nurture, develop and give them strength before it is too late.

    While natural calamities do not come so frequently and are anyway beyond our control it is the man made calamities we must be beware of! Warning that outer space may become the "battlefield of the future," India on Monday proposed a "robust" international mechanism for protection of space assets since they were "vulnerable to attacks". Whie they come in all forms and intensity – earthquakes, hurricanes, floods, drought, tornados; even man-made calamities. Hinduja TMT Ltd, which is being renamed as Hinduja Ventures, and its joint venture partner UAE's DP World will invest Rs 100 crore each to enter the healthcare sector.

    The superstitious among Indonesia’s 200m people could be forgiven for thinking that the gods must be irate. By almost any standard, 1997 has been a very bad year, bringing drought, forest fires, air crashes, a currency collapse, stock exchange slump, and riots. But much of the calamity has been man-made, and it has tarnished the reputation of President Suharto’s regime, at a critical moment for the ageing president and his supporters.

    India will launch its maiden moon mission 'Chandrayaan I' early next year, Indian Space Research Organisation Chairman G Madhavan Nair said today.On the other hand, Amid confusion, the visit of a 19-member British group to Lucknow to commemorate the 150th anniversary of the first war of Independence in 1857 starts today despite opposition by the BJP, Samajwadi Party and some Muslim religious leaders and intellectuals.

    Columbus returns. Columbus has the single point agenda to kill the indigenous people worldwide as he killed some five hundred years back.

    Millions of indigenous people lived in the Americas when the 1492 voyage of Christopher Columbus began a historical period of large-scale European contact with the Americas. European contact with what they called the "New World" led to the European colonization of the Americas, with millions of emigrants (willing and unwilling) from the "Old World" eventually resettling in the Americas.. While the population of Old World peoples in the Americas steadily grew in the centuries after Columbus, the population of the American indigenous peoples plummeted. The extent and causes of this population decline have long been the subject of controversy and debate. The 500th anniversary of Columbus's famous voyage, in 1992, drew renewed attention to claims that indigenous peoples of the Americas had been the victims of ethnocides (i.e. the destruction of a culture).

    Columbus started from Atlantic Coast to get India. He got America. The rulers established that he was the man who invented America. Though America existed with high level Maya and Inca and red Indian civilisations. Columbus destroyed everything without any weapon of Mass destruction. He exercised genocides without any missile, without any atom bomb!
    Now the Columbus has got full control on World affairs. It is total dominance in the space. Nature raped and Humanity annihilated. He robbed natural resources. Now they rob everything we have!

    Our ancestors did not welcome Columbus. Though they could not resist the destiny of eternal slavery.

    We welcome Columbus everywhere. Latin America resists. Latin America which was the killing field , a free hunting ground for Sovereign Columbus. Our Civil Society is a committed ally of the Sovereign Columbus now. We have surrounded political borders, cultural roots, mother languages, national identity, production system, economy, sovereignty, freedom, democracy, humanity, human and civil rights!

    Case Study: Indrajeet Chatterjee

    The Detective Department of the Kolkata police arrested Indrajit Chatterjee from Howrah on Monday for committing fraud against various banks. He was also wanted by the Central Bureau of Investigation. The police are on the lookout for his wife Rashika, who was a part of the racket.

    Another accused in the case, Amit Sen was arrested from Entally on Tuesday. Deputy Commissioner of Police, Detective Department, Jawed Shamim said several tracing papers and duplicate stamps of the state government were recovered from him. “He is an accomplice of

    Chatterjee and had helped him in forging various documents,” added DC.

    With four persons arrested earlier, seven arrests have been made so far in the case, the police said. “Chatterjee seems to be the kingpin of a forgery gang,” said a senior officer of the anti-bank fraud section of the Detective Department. Sources said that he was arrested by the Kolkata police on charges of forgery nearly four years ago.

    The economic offence wing of the CBI was hunting for him, as he had been duping various banks since 2006. “Chatterjee had cheated UCO bank and Canara bank with crores of Rupees,” said a CBI source. The Kolkata police had received a complaint to this effect from the Karnataka bank in last December. “To catch him, we conducted raids at several places throughout the country,” said Shamim.

    “He deposited the papers of a flat in the Sayeed Amir Ali Avenue as security and took huge loans from several banks,” added DC.

    Rashika was the owner of Ma Karunamoyee Films Ltd, that produced films and serials, said the police. Chatterjee was the promoter of a company, Amtech Universal. The duo had recently produced a Bengali film, Greftar.

    Police are now investigating more cases of his fraud. “On Tuesday morning, a person called us that Chatterjee had duped him. We have asked him to file a complaint,” Shamim added.

    Mobile Phones

    Mobile phones in classroom cause distraction and kids are unable to concentrate on learning. Nowadays in colleges, students misuse cellphones by sending SMS and MMS. Only the other day, newspaper headlines screamed with the report of obscene picture messages sent through cellphone by a student. However, he was nabbed later.

    But besides cellphones, the pampered children of wealthy families are gradually getting used to other luxurious ways of life. Air conditioned cars, costly school bags, pens, watches or shoes are their regular requirements. This not only creates differences in the mind of the students but also a kind of complex, which makes the children lonely and even depressed.

    The Meghalaya government has already announced a ban on cellphones in the classroom and cars outside to prevent the students from being engaged in too much luxury and show-off. Parents are asked not to drop their children in cars. In school buses, children develop community sense. The luxurious ways of life make the children selfish. This is going on in other states. Use of cellphone by parents, especially at the time of driving can cause accidents.

    Schools are for learning. It is high time that the states step in to ban the high-tech gadgets, which cause distraction, especially when a class is in progress. If their parents need to contact them regarding rides or appointments, they can leave a voice mail and the student can pick it up later.

    Cybercrime threatens Internet economy

    Government ministers from across the world have issued a call for greater vigilance against cybercrime at the close of meeting on the future of the Internet economy, says Computing.co.uk.

    The Seoul Declaration came at the end of a two-day ministerial conference on the future of the Web in the South Korean capital hosted by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).

    OECD member countries, the European Community and ministers from Chile, Egypt, Estonia, India, Indonesia, Israel, Latvia, Senegal and Slovenia affirmed the declaration.

    Turkish hacker tips Photobucket

    Photobucket, the popular photo sharing Web site, became the target of a DNS hack on Tuesday, reports The Register.

    As a result of the attack, some (but not all) surfers hoping to check out pictures were involuntarily redirected to a greeting from hacker NetDeliz and a message in Turkish.

    A post to Photobucket's user forum blamed the problem on "an error in our DNS hosting services". It stressed that users' personal information was not affected by the redirection.

    Verizon speeds up fibre-optic Internet

    Verizon Communications is boosting the speed of its FiOS fibre-optic Internet service in 10 states, says The Associated Press.

    The FiOS service areas of California, Delaware, Indiana, Maryland, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Texas, Virginia and Washington will see new plans that nearly double Internet speeds, Chief operating officer Denny Strigl said in remarks to be delivered at a conference Wednesday.

    The faster speeds were already available in New York, New Jersey and Connecticut, where competition from cable is particularly fierce, and in Florida, Massachusetts and Rhode Island.

    Data glitch stops Mars lander

    The Phoenix lander stopped digging soil near Mars' north pole Wednesday as engineers on Earth worked to fix a glitch that caused the loss of a day's worth of photos, reports The Associated Press.

    The problem was discovered late Tuesday after the spacecraft dug a trench inside a polygon-shaped surface feature that was likely caused by seasonal expansion and shrinking of ice.

    The lander beamed back pictures of the trench, but an overload of data prevented it from saving images of the landscape and atmosphere in its flash memory.

    Crimeware developers now supply "crimeware toolkits" to other fraudsters. These packages guide users to sneak into a system and then retrieve data for financial gain. But criminals can also go the old-fashioned way — purchasing data collected by trojans, keyloggers and other types of crimeware.

    SophosLabs, which had intercepted emails with subject lines such as ‘Million dead in Chinese quake' linking victims to websites on a .cn domain, agrees on the increasing complexity of trojans.

    Sophos experts predict, "Using the highly-anticipated Olympic Games due to take place in Beijing in August, cyber thieves would be on prowl to launch many more trojans that could sneak into systems and silently track a victim's system and data stream."

    The term indigenous peoples has no universal, standard or fixed definition, but can be used about any ethnic group who inhabit the geographic region with which they have the earliest historical connection. However, several widely-accepted formulations, which define the term "Indigenous peoples" in stricter terms, have been put forward by prominent and internationally-recognised organizations, such as the United Nations, the International Labour Organization and the World Bank. Indigenous peoples in this article is used in such a narrower sense.

    Drawing on these, a contemporary working definition of "indigenous peoples" for certain purposes has criteria which would seek to include cultural groups (and their descendants) who have an historical continuity or association with a given region, or parts of a region, and who formerly or currently inhabit the region either:

    before its subsequent colonization or annexation; or
    alongside other cultural groups during the formation of a nation-state; or
    independently or largely isolated from the influence of the claimed governance by a nation-state,
    And who furthermore:

    have maintained at least in part their distinct linguistic, cultural and social / organizational characteristics, and in doing so remain differentiated in some degree from the surrounding populations and dominant culture of the nation-state.
    To the above, a criterion is usually added to also include:

    peoples who are self-identified as indigenous, and/or those recognised as such by other groups.
    Note that even if all the above criteria are fulfilled, some people may either not consider themselves as indigenous or may not be considered as indigenous by governments, organizations or scholars.

    Other related terms for indigenous peoples include aborigines, aboriginal peoples, native peoples, first peoples, first nations and autochthonous (this last term having a derivation from Greek, meaning "sprung from the earth"). Indigenous peoples may often be used in preference to these or other terms, as a neutral replacement where these terms may have taken on negative or pejorative connotations by their prior association and use. It is the preferred term in use by the United Nations and its subsidiary organizations.

    India's dirty laundry: The murder tearing Indian society apart

    http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/indias-dirty-laundry-847914.html

    The murder of a teenage girl in Delhi, unjustly blamed on a domestic servant, has heightened hatred and suspicion at the heart of Asia's most class-riven society. Andrew Buncombe reports

    Monday, 16 June 2008

    When 14-year-old Aarushi Talwar was found murdered the police made no effort to examine the crime scene and assumed the killer was the family's servant, Hemraj (below left). A day later it was found that Hemraj had also been murdered. Aarushi's father, Rajesh Talwar (circled), is now a suspect. Bottom left is Aarushi's mother.

    For police in the eastern suburbs of Delhi it seemed like an open and shut case.

    When the body of 14-year-old Aarushi Talwar was discovered in a pool of blood, her throat cut and the family's domestic servant nowhere to be found, detectives had only one suspect. Senior officers said they even had clues as to where the 45-year-old Nepali servant might be hiding and said that a team of officers was being dispatched to Nepal to track him down. The police saw no reason to bring in sniffer dogs, photograph the crime scene or even force open a locked door that led to a terrace despite the presence of drops of blood on the steps.

    An immediate media frenzy erupted. The TV channels and newspapers were full of lurid details and unquestioningly blamed Yam Prasad Banjade, also known as Hemraj, the missing servant, for the grisly killing of the teenager. And then one day later, someone opened the terrace door and discovered Hemraj's decomposing body lying on the floor. He too had been murdered, in the same way as Aarushi. Police were forced to reopen the murder mystery.

    The authorities' handling of the high-profile case – Aarushi's father, Rajesh Talwar, a dentist, is currently the police's latest suspect – resulted in angry demonstrations by Nepali labourers, outraged that one of their countrymen had been blamed unfairly for such a horrible crime. But the case has focused fresh attention on the uneasy relationship between India's middle classes and the ubiquitous servants who wash, cook, shop, drive, garden and clean for them. It has highlighted too, the deep anxiety of many Indians who live in perpetual fear that their servants will rob them, poison them or worse. A constant source of conversation among Indians who employ domestic staff, such fear has now even found its way into a popular new Indian novel that tells the story of a bitter and disenchanted chauffeur in Delhi who slits his employer's throat.

    "We always get our staff verified by the police and we also try and get people who are recommended to us. Only then do we let them in our house," said Rosie Kapoor, a businesswoman from south Delhi, who employs one full-time and two part-time maids. "But even after all this I am still very careful."

    While in the West servants largely belong to an earlier generation, in India they remain commonplace. Even families with a modest income will employ one or two maids; however industrious middle-class Indians may be in other respects, most have a loathing of domestic chores. In Delhi alone, it is estimated there are at least 60,000 domestic servants, of which perhaps just a third are registered with the police.

    The maids, cleaners, drivers and cooks usually earn pitifully little and often live in miserable conditions. Often they are migrants from Nepal or else impoverished Indian states such as Orissa or Bihar. A full-time maid can earn as little as 2,000 rupees (Ł24) a month, supplemented with a meagre diet and perhaps some cheap clothes given to them by their employer. For this, the servant will usually work 12 to 14 hours a day, perhaps with one day off a week. Usually, servants will live in a simple one-roof shack or shed, often built on the roof of the house – swelteringly warm during the long, hot summers and bone-chilling in northern India's brief but cold winters. Most servants' bathroom facilities are probably best left undescribed.

    And the relationship between domestic staff and the families they work for can have additional complications above and beyond the obvious financial disparity. Often staff will be from a lower caste than their employer, adding to possible mistrust and resentment.

    Anecdotal evidence suggests that some employers treat their staff well, even almost considering them members of the family. On holidays such as Diwali and Holi, the staff will get a generous bonus or gift, they will receive their meals and clothes and time off to go back to their village or town if a family member is ill.

    But there are numerous reports of employers treating their staff as little more than slaves. An 18-year-old who works as the live-in cook for a businessman in the Safdarjang area of south Delhi said that his every move was followed by CCTV monitors that his employer had installed in the house. The cook, Sushil, said that if he was caught leaving the house during working hours he was punished. He said that he, and two teenage girls employed as maids, were often beaten.

    "If anyone makes a mistake, the boss beats them. He is dangerous," said Sushil, who came to Delhi from the Sultanpur district of Uttar Pradesh. "He hits the girls as well. He is a really bad man."

    Sushil said that he earned 4,500 rupees a month but that he had to pay for his own food and clothes from this. In the three years he had worked at the house, his employer had never given him a holiday bonus.

    Given the wretched, impoverished conditions in which India's domestic servants live it would perhaps not be surprising if servants were to turn to opportunistic crimes. "The class difference of employers and the employed is so big and that tempted them to commit crimes," a Delhi police spokesman, Rajan Bhagat, told the Associated Press.

    But despite the widespread stories of chauffeurs routinely siphoning off petrol from their employers' cars, maids rustling through jewellery boxes when they should be sweeping the floor and newspaper cartoons showing Nepali servants chasing terrified elderly women, to what extent is the middle-class fear of their staff justified and how much of it is urban myth?

    "I think it is real and I think we are hearing a lot less than actually takes place," said an expatriate living in Delhi who employs domestic staff and asked not to be named. "It's getting worse. [Domestic servants] can see the light. They know that money will give them a way out. It's something new. And people have to be careful."

    While the media attention devoted to Aarushi's murder was exceptional, even the family's lawyer believes such servants are often responsible for crimes. Pinaki Mishra said there were many factors behind the phenomenon – increasing economic disparity, the increasing influx of rural people into India's cities and even mafia-style groups that force domestic servants to steal from their employers.

    "India is an entire society in transformation," he said. "You have a middle class of up to 300 million people and below that you have an aspirational class of up to 300 million ... All the values are breaking down. No one wants to do menial work."

    This view was shared by the family of an east Delhi businessman killed 10 days ago in his home. In this case too, the family's Nepali servant – employed for less than a year – has gone missing and police say he is a suspect. The businessman's hands had been tied behind his back and he had been strangled by a bed-sheet.

    "Globalisation is the problem. Everybody wants a television, everybody wants the luxury. If they cannot get it by hook then they get it by crook," said the businessman's sister, her eyes red with tears. "We want to catch the person who did this to stop it happening again. We know we are not going to get our brother back but we are not going to lose our humanity."

    Yet while such killings made big headlines, official figures suggest that the problem is not as great as some may believe. Mr Bhagat, the Delhi police spokesman, said that five people in the city with a population of more than 16 million had been robbed or killed by their servants so far this year. Last year the total was six.

    Domestic servants say they are often blamed unfairly by their employers, the first in line to be accused if something goes missing. In the aftermath of Aarushi's death and the accusations that were made by police about the alleged guilt of the family's servant, dozens of other domestic workers gathered outside the local police station to complain. "We become prime suspects every time there is a crime in the house or the neighbourhood we work in," Ram Bahadur, a labourer, told journalists. "We are poor people trying to earn a living with dignity. Is it fair to suspect us without evidence?"

    Sushil, the cook, said that he too was often accused of things, even though he insisted that thoughts of committing a crime had never entered his head. He said he was shocked by the murder of the businessman in east Delhi. "This is not something I think about," he said. "How can anyone do this sort of thing if he is a servant?"

    The family of the murdered businessman said that they will no longer employ a live-in servant, even if it means they will have to perform the chores that their domestic help have traditionally carried out. "The culture can change. People can learn to adapt," said one of his sons, standing outside his father's store, talking with friends and relatives who had come to pay their respects. "They will have to change."

    But are other Indians ready to give up their domestic staff and get down to scrubbing the dishes? Nishant Singh, a lawyer who works in Gurgaon, Delhi's Westernised satellite city, said the flurry of recent headlines would certainly encourage more people to think carefully about the staff they hire, about getting them verified by police and perhaps opting for part-time help rather than live-in servants.

    But he doubted that Indians would forgo employing servants altogether. With the upper part of India's economy booming, more people had money to spend on help and with increasing numbers of women entering the workplace there was more demand for people to carry out the household tasks traditionally performed by women. "There has long been this concept of having staff," he said. "It's part of the culture."

    View Full Version : increasing teenage crime in dublin...from a unlucky visitor

    http://www.dublin.ie/forums/archive/index.php?t-1807.html
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    s200030-10-2005, 03:40 PM
    I am disappointed to publish this message but I want people to read my story…..I want people to be more aware of teenager crime in Dublin. I am from England and a secondary school teacher. I've always wanted to go Dublin as I hear great things and love Guinness and the Irish accent. Although we did have a fun time in Dublin, it got ruined by the "tracksuit" teenagers that loom around the inner city Dublin streets, causing hassle to vulnerable innocent passer-by.

    My story has a sad ending for me but I’m hope things will be positive from what happened to my friend and I. It was our second and last night in Dublin as it was short holiday. We have just left a night club round 1 am to go to another club. As we crossed the traffic lights on O' Connell Street, two teenage girls, barely 15 yrs old, snatched my mate's mask as they passed us. (It was Halloween weekend) We were drunk ourselves; and our natural instinct was to get the mask back, so I helped my friend to take the masks out of the girl’s hand, which we did.
    As we walked away, they swore at us. So we swore back and carried on walking. When we approached the black statue of Daniel O’Connell, they followed us, then ran towards us and jumped on my friend. They started to kick my friend so I shouted them to get her off. Then, one of the girls pushed me over into the busy road and grabbed my hair and started kicking me. I tried to fight back but she pulled my hair tighter and carried on kicking me. I had to roll in a ball as she would kick me in the stomach. People just stood there and watched us getting attacked. I felt so embarrassed and helpless. The men who saved us were this very heroic Asian guy and his Italian friend. They pulled the girls off us and helped us to cross the bridge to get away from the girls.
    Obviously we were in great shock from the incident. I have never been attacked or been in any fights before as I always stay away from trouble. I believe I am an intelligent and sensible person and I rarely drink. But, naturally, we were enjoying the Guinness too much and enjoying our holiday in Dublin. We didn’t think our long awaited dream holiday would be ruined by such evil and uneducated people.
    It was a blessing in disguise when the girls came back up the bridge and began to attack me again. She pushed the guy out of the way and jumped on me, pulling my hair so tight. She was like an animal, getting pure satisfaction out of causing pain. They had this evil smile on their face as they approached is again. They even walked normally across the traffic lights to get to us. It was so surreal. My friend shouted for people to help me. It took four men to pull her off me and it felt like it took awhile to do this as she held on to my hair so hard. Being oriental, I have long black hair but about fourth of it has been ripped off.
    The police arrived very soon after the incident in a big white van. As the four men held this girl down, My friend told me one Irish guy told the guys to let her go, not knowing what happened which made my friend angry. I just wanted to be well away from the situation as I was so upset and angry. I kept on shouting out “how evil they were”. The police retained the girls. They didn’t retaliate. They appeared to be so calm and emotionless. I was livid. Deep down I wanted them to suffer the same pain I went through. I just kept shouting at them and cried. One of the female officers said if I carried on shouting, I would be put in the van which made me angrier. The police didn’t seem too sympathetic towards us apart from one officer. We were the ones so distress and in pain. It was so evident in our appearance. My friend lip was cut; her hair was messed up and cuts on her face. But I was the one who got attacked twice. I couldn’t calm down; I was just shocked and angry about what just happened. In one way I was very conscious of the situation as we asked what will happen to the girls. They told us if it’s the first offence, they probably just get a caution. We were even more livid when we heard this. The trauma and pain these girls caused us, we felt it was unfair. Two days on and being back in the safety of my home, my whole body aches and constantly reminds me of the night. The bruising on my knees prevents me from even walking now. I have cuts and grazes on my face which probably will scar. I can’t go back to work due to the injuries. But I know I need to recover mentally as I work with rebellious teenagers at school. When I see teenagers hang out in groups on the streets, it does scare me. I reported this incident to the ‘Irish independent’ as I want public awareness of teenage crime in Dublin.
    I found out from the Asian guy who saved our lives that the girls were under influence of alcohol and one went unconscious in the hospital afterwards. The first evening, a gang of these tracksuit teenagers tried to steal my friend’s bag. Also, on the night where we were brutally attacked, this guy in fancy dress had his hat stolen by these tracksuit teenagers. He tried to get it back and they were just playing with him.
    Its really unfortunate incident that happened to us and I hope no one else will have to go through the trauma we went through. It was an unprovoked attack and it made us scared to back to Dublin. I never walk on my own anywhere, but is it safe to be just in pairs? The issue I really want to raise is what is the government is trying to do about these teenagers who loom around the streets in gangs. Too often we saw them and we were only been there for two days…..

    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  • Cow dung sticks, Credit Boom and Inflation

  • Manasa Mangal, Behula and the Snake Goddess

  • Nuclear dialectics

    Nuclear dialectics

    Troubled Galaxy Destroyed Dreams: Chapter 13

    Palash Biswas

    http://www.troubledgalaxydetroyeddreams.blogspot.com/

    The idea that history is a dialectic, or continuing conflict, between two opposites - capitalism and communism, or Christianity and Islam, or liberalism and conservatism. Each of these struggles succeeds the other as a historical imperative. No doubt experts can summarise this better.
    I note only that I was told recently that the Labour government has no historical meaning because it doesn't define itself in opposition to anything. He said this as a critique of the government, but relying slyly on the Marxist assumption that history really is structured like this. And this was accepted by everyone else in the group. Anyone who wanted to argue back preferred to challenge on whether the government really is in opposition to something, instead of the much more important point of whether the grounds of the argument are valid.

    dialectic
    Greek term, originally associated with the philosopher Socrates' method of argument through dialogue and conversation. Hegelian dialectic, named after the German philosopher Hegel, refers to an interpretive method in which the contradiction between a thesis and its antithesis is resolved through synthesis.

    Leaders of Left parties, who have strongly opposed the implementation of the Indo-US nuclear deal, have started receiving hate mail.

    Continuing a static stand on the Indo-US nuclear deal, CPM on Saturday said that deal is a cover to promote strategic ties with United States.The party said that Congress and UPA are propagating N-deal as an answer to the energy crisis in the country, which is not true.CPM accused Congress of running a massive disinformation campaign that nuclear deal is essential to India.

    Mind you, the left parties are always habitual to threat the Centre to implement its agenda. Prakash karat and company have been posing for withdrawal of support for the first day of the Manmohan Government. It has never happened. Manmohan economics has herald the Liberalisation, Privatisation and globalisation age for Indian Nation. it is no secret that this Prim minister and his Gang is planted by Washington and all of them have been the declared slaves of world Bank. An elite Brahmin from West Bengal who was the number two in Indira cabinet during Soviet Model of development and Socialism plus Poverty eradiction days turned the most authentic agent of corporate US Colonisation. yes, Pranab Mukherjee, the best friend of Indian communists happens to be the de facto Prime minister, heading thirty nine parliamentary committees and executing all the policy decisions. What if Manmohan resigns! The Marxist wil get their Man in helms. The parliament is run by another Brahmin, though Marxist, Somnath Chatterjee!

    The Zionist Brahmin White Global strategic alliance depends so much so on Indo US nuclear deal that it overlaps the Inflation rates, Economic Disasters, Recession, Middle East stand off, Palestine crisis and even the rise of Barrack Obama!

    The allies of the Congress are stepping up efforts to broker a peace between the UPA and the Left.The DMK chief, M Karunanidhi met the CPM chief Prakash Karat in Chennai on Sunday.

    The Left continues to maintain its tough posturing that it will be forced to withdraw support to the UPA Government if the Centre went ahead with the nuclear deal.

    That could mean early elections, which several allies are against.

    Over half of the American Whites consider presumptive Democratic Presidential candidate Barack Obama as a ‘risky’ choice for the White House, whereas two-thirds believe McCain as a ‘safe’ pick, a new survey has revealed. The survey by The Washington Post/ABC News also opens up apprehensions of the race factor being whipped up by white supremist groups as a way to stop the Illinois Senator and the first African American from entering the White House.

    The survey has shown that over half of Whites called 46-year-old Obama a ‘risky’ choice for the top post, while two-thirds said McCain is a ‘safe’ pick -- 43 per cent of the Whites said Obama has sufficient experience to serve effectively as president, and about two in 10 worry he would over-represent the interests of African Americans.

    Most of the Indians would hate to see Barrack Obama in White House. The Hindus, always hate the Black Untouchables. Even, the Mahatma Mohan das Karam Chand Gandhi helped the White Government in repression of the Black Movement in South Africa! He was the man who ensured the transfer of Power to the Brahmins in Independent India.

    It is a Nuclear Stand Off, of course thanks to the hypocrite, betraying Brahminical Communists in India!

    CPIM may not afford earlier elections after the results of Panchayat elections in West Bengal. a damage control mobilisation is on with the latest phase of Gorkhaland movement led by Bimal Gurung to evoke violent Aamra Baangali Brand Bengali communalism consolidating Marxist vote bank, eroded with Nandigram Singur uprising and revolt of traditional Muslim and Dalit votes. CPIM is not very well in Kerala also.Other constituents of UPA government are afraid of elections simply because of Price rise and Petro crisis. Congress understands this and playing the trump card to push the US agenda of strategical realignment in the Indian Ocean region with this bloody Nuclear deal!

    CPIM has not clanged its Marxist capitalist ways. Pet economists and media are engaged to prove that the Election Debacle is nothing to do with indiscriminate Industrialisation and urbanisation. Retail Chains are switched on. Salem is still waiting in the wings. Chemical Hub and nuclear plan happen to be the topmost priority of Buddhadeb Government. They try their best to reorganise the Gestapo and tame the rebels with the maximum hype of Bengali Communalism! Rather the Marxists are doing everything to reverse the Land Reforms. land acquisition is on. SEZ drive is not withdrawn. MNCs and Investment abroad, IT and outsourcing, privatisation of production systems and services intensified. Hire and fire goes on. latest move is the arrangement of commercial taxation in irrigation! On these lines, the Marxist opposition of Indo US Nuclear deal si nothing but simple rhetoric of Autocratic democracy! Nothing else!

    Marxist have to pose as the fiercest crusaders against US Imperialism still engaged in Muslim annihilation, so called War Agianst Terrorism. It has to pose as the security umbrella for the minorities, say Muslims against RSS brand fascist Hindutva. It is the obligation of Majoritarian election system to have blocks of castes and communities, minorities to have a workable majority for state power!

    Meanwhile, another dimension of the got up game of Gorkhaland is exposed as the Gorkha Janmukti Morcha (GJM), spearheading an agitation for a separate Gorkhaland state, relaxed its indefinite Bandh in the Darjeeling hills for 60 hours beginning this evening even as it decided to send two teams to talk to the West Bengal government as well as the Centre.
    GJM general secretary Roshan Giri said while the date of visit of the team bound for Kolkata has not been decided yet, the team for Delhi would leave tomorrow.

    The gist of the Titanic War may be described as Nuclear Dialectics which is targeted to a favourable vote bank mobilisation. All political parties are playing the game including Mayawati, the Dalit Icon and Karunanidhi, the Dravid DOn!

    We have to enjoy the drama of Nuclear Dialectics until elections are declared or President George butcher Bush steps down! The Indian Ruling Class is doing its best to lobby for a Republican Win once again as the Republican Presidential candidate Mc Cain is considered the best friend of Shining Sensex Manusmriti India! It is the Castism inherited by the fascist Hindutva based on enslavement of all the indigenous people and nationalities, the black untouchables, inherent inequality and continuous persecution and repression, continuous displacement and deprivement, which ignites the Indian Apartheid against a possible black democrate President in the Oval House. World bank slaves rule India and the colonisation is complete with the classic betrayals by the Brahminacal Indian communists, socialists and Gandhian all working together in the best Interest of Corporate Imperialism, the Post Modern Manusmriti Galaxy Order!

    The stalemate between the government and Left parties showed no signs of resolution as the CPI(M) maintained its hard line on the nuclear agreement with the United States and the UPA coalition suffered another jolt when BSP withdrew its support to it. Government's chief negotiator on the deal, External Affairs Minister Pranab Mukherjee, who left for Australia , met Prime Minister Manmohan Singh and apprised him of his discussions with the Left parties and UPA constituents on the stand-off.Hectic activities are expected to resumed when Mukherjee returns from his visit on June 24, a day ahead of the next crucial meeting of the UPA-Left Committee on nuclear deal.

    Compared to the frenetic pace of consultations between government, UPA constituents and Left parties in the last few days, there was lull till today.

    NCP spokesperson D P Tripati called on CPI(M) General Secretary Prakash Karat in New Delhi while his party boss Sharad Pawar said in Pune that Left parties do not want to push the UPA government over the brink.Pawar said there are signs of finding a way out of the current impasse over the contentious Indo-US nuclear deal.

    However, the CPI(M) issued a strong statement accusing the government of mounting a "massive disinformation campaign" to promote a "bad" nuclear deal, which it said, was only a cover to promote strategic ties with the US.

    "Mythical energy claims are being made in order to promote a bad nuclear deal. Energy is just a cover. The real intent is India-US strategic ties," it said.

    The party also accused the government of "dragging its feet" on the Iran gas pipeline project "at the behest of the US and in consideration of the Hyde Act".

    I am lucky to have an encounter with a Marxist Gestapo lieutenant. Hardly twenty three years old. he visited my house having stumbled with some sites containing my write ups.

    He introduced himself as a CITU trade union district leader.

    `You are using your writeup full of venom against the Communists’, he directly charged.

    `I never write against Communism. Rather I don`t consider the Indian Communist or Marxist leaders as communists. I am convinced that none of them believe in Marxist ideology anymore,’ i had to explain.

    I appreciate the zeal and energy of the young man who tried his best to convince me the ways and obligations of Marxist capitalism. he debated violently . But I escaped unhurt.

    He discussed the recent developments and analysed everything with accuracy. I realised that the man has got relevant informations. He pointed out the stagnation after land reforms and rural development. He also analysed the strategic set up and socio economic system. he recognised the facts of Nandigram and Singur Insurrections.

    Then he tried his best to justify the gestapo culture. According him, sate power has to be the topmost priority. You may not go very far with the rotten ideology. You have to depend on the MNCs, Muscle Power, Police, Hooligans, goons, Promoters, Builders. Thus, the Hegemony is defended.

    ` You won`t win a single election with all those ideological hurdles’, he declared.

    `I understand your stand. But you may not ensure any support base for the party. If you want to hold on Power, you have to adopt the ways of the Ruling Class. You have to align with the Global Order. You may not go against this. ‘

    `Indian communists have grown up.Days of Telengana are long over. Over are the days of USSR. China has opened the Great walls. But we are winning elections in West Bengal and Kerala because we learnt to adjust with demanding time.’

    ` Human rights violations are wrong. SEZ drive is wrong. Chemical Hub is hazardous. Nuclear plants would undermine the land an the environment. everything is true. But we may not escape the urgency emphasised by the global ruling class’.

    He warned me to restrain myself in my write ups.

    `all this criticism is unwanted and irrelevant,’ he declared.

    He was honest enough and told everything what the Indian communist Leadership would deny and quote Ideology instantly with betraying stance.

    This episode in my personal life provides me a rare insight to analyse the on going Nuclear Stand Off. I understand the psyche of the Marxists who want to be in power and are very keen to have share in power all India level. The comrade visiting my home, did not say anything about the Brahminical Tie Up and the demographical politics and the continuous enslavement of indigenous people. The Marxists have to do everything to defend the interests of the Indian Brahminical ruling Class which are ultimately the interests of the United States of America.

    I remember those days of reading Che`s diary or Red book. Those were the days of Thundering Spring. I was involved with so many of the Naxalites escaping from the repression in West Bengal. I shared their experiences and also shared their dreams. Chhoto Kaka has given me a copy of the Bengali translation of `Mother’, written by Maxim Gorky while I was still reading in Primary school.

    I did not witness the Dhimri Block betrayal. But I witnessed the follow up. I witnessed the trial in the court . I felt the disillusionment of my father.

    IN Zila Parishad High school, Prem Prakash Budhlakoti explained the Marxist ideology.

    But Tara Chandra Tripathi was the man who guided me in systematic study of Marxism. It began with Communist Manifesto followed by Study circle book list. During our graduation days we read all the relevant classics, political ideologies and theories, economics and of course, Das Capital. It helped me to break the jinx of Telengana and Dhimri Block. i have not given up my imaginations and dreams even after my horrifying experiences in West Bengal. Saving communist movement being the agenda, we have to stand united with the indigenous people and production system, we have to be ecological activists, we have to break up the Harmonies as soon as possible. We have to resist Imperialism and globalisation. We have to defend the Nature, Natural resources and mankind.

    Thus, we have no option but to expose the hypocrite and betraying Brahminical communist leadership in India!

    At a time when the CPM top brass in Delhi has renewed its threat to withdraw support to the UPA government amid the standoff over the nuclear deal, CPM veteran Jyoti Basu on Friday evaded a question on the issue, but said the Left had not changed its stand.

    Asked whether the CPM would pull the plug on the Congress-led UPA government, Mr Basu dodged a direct reply, but said: “The Left parties are sticking to their stand on the issue of the Indo-US nuclear deal. I have been told that the Congress is trying to evolve a compromise formula. But I don’t know what that will be and I also don’t know what will happen to this government ultimately.”

    Mr Basu was talking to newspersons after attending the CPM state secretariat meeting at the party headquarters on Alimuddin Street on Friday. The CPM top brass in Delhi stressed that they would withdraw support to the UPA government if it took the next step to finalise the India-specific safeguard agreements with the IAEA.

    The West Bengal CPM, it is learnt, does not want any immediate Lok Sabha elections as the party has suffered an electoral setback in the May panchayat elections in the state.

    On the other hand, Defence Minister A K Antony has been roped in for all political discussions over the India-US civil nuclear deal on Prime Minister Manmohan Singh's request, Congress sources said on Sunday.

    According to the sources, Manmohan Singh told Congress president Sonia Gandhi on Wednesday that he wanted Antony to join the negotiations held with the Left parties, rather than entrust the task exclusively to External Affairs Minister Pranab Mukherjee.

    Since then, the Defence Minister has been present in almost all the known meetings Mukherjee has had with leaders of the Left and the United Progressive Alliance (UPA) allies over the nuclear issue.

    A section of the Congress feels that Mukherjee is seemingly not eager to push the nuclear agreement, an issue close to Manmohan Singh's heart, because the Foreign Minister felt he was ignored in the initial stages of the ambitious agreement. Mukherjee's supporters deny this.

    Besides, Mukherjee's rumoured proximity with Communist leaders also has been viewed warily by some Congress leaders. When the Communists backed his name for the post of the president to succeed A P J Abdul Kalam, it raised eyebrows in the Congress.

    It is following the request of both the Prime Minister and Sonia that Mukherjee came to head the 15-member UPA-Left committee formed to address concerns raised by the Communists over the nuclear deal.

    But Antony's presence, it seems, has not helped Mukherjee to persuade the Communists to give up their opposition to the deal -- so far.

    Mukherjee met Communist Party of India-Marxist (CPI-M) general secretary Prakash Karat on Monday and Tuesday evenings. But he could not convince Karat into giving a green signal to the government to finalise the India-specific safeguard agreement with the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA).

    It was after this Manmohan Singh called on Sonia and expressed his desire that Antony should be asked to aid Mukherjee in future talks with the Left and other UPA allies.

    Antony was present when Mukherjee met Karat for the third time in the week Friday and earlier with CPI-M politburo member Sitaram Yechury.

    Antony attended Mukherjee's meetings on Friday with Communist Party of India (CPI) national secretary D Raja, Nationalist Congress Party chief Sharad Pawar and Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD) leader Lalu Prasad.

    The CPI-M-led Left parties, which prop up the Congress-led Manmohan Singh government, have rejected the government's repeated pleas to allow it to finalise the IAEA safeguards agreement.

    After the Wednesday meeting between the Prime Minister and Sonia, the government axed a scheduled meeting of the UPA-Left nuclear committee that had been scheduled for June 25.

    Just see this item!

    Asking the Congress-led UPA to set its priority on fighting soaring inflation instead of focusing on Indo-US nuclear deal, CPI on Sunday said the central government should not be sacrificed in the name of such an agreement, as nobody wants early polls.

    "The priority at this moment is to fight the rising inflation and not the nuclear deal," CPI General Secretary A B Bardhan told reporters on the sidelines of a convention here against POSCO's proposed steel project in Orissa.

    "There should not be early elections as nobody favours it except the divisive forces," he said adding, I do not understand as to why the government is in such a hurry to go ahead with the deal.

    "After all, the UPA government should realise it is not going to be a deal between Prime Minister Manmohan Singh and President George W Bush but between India and the US," the CPI leader said.

    The stand of the Left parties on the nuclear deal was clear, he said adding, they were against the agreement but efforts will be made to "convince UPA during the meeting" on the issue slated on June 25.

    And this!

    DMK Chief M Karunanidhi said that the unity between the UPA and Left parties should not be disrupted over the latter's opposition to the Indo-US nuclear deal, as it would affect the nation's progress.
    Emerging from Karunanidhi's residence after a 40-minute meeting with him and CPI leader D Raja, Karat told reporters that the Chief Minister had told them that the disruption would only pave the way for 'communal forces' to gain the upper hand.

    Karat said they had assured Karunanidhi that the Left parties would meet again to find a solution to the Indo-US nuclear deal.

    "We will meet Karunanidhi again," he said.

    Karat said they had put forth the Left parties' views on the UPA Government's move to go ahead with negotiations with the IAEA board of governors on the safeguards agreement.

    "We are against it. We have explained to him our stand.

    As a senior leader of the UPA, Karunanidhi will take up the issue with the Congress," he said.

    "We have assured him that the Left parties will discuss the matter and come out with a solution," he said.

    On the Indo-Pakistan-Iran pipeline, he said, "We want the negotiations to continue so that the deal is completed".

    It is the finest form of north Indian folk drama , Nautankee. All characters are coorful and loud.As the stalemate on the India-US nuclear deal continued on Saturday, the CPI(M) accused the UPA government of furthering American interests at a time when inflation has crossed the 11 per cent mark.

    The CPI(M) leadership that has led the Left bloc’s tirade against the nuclear deal, said it is “nothing but a cover to promote the strategic ties with the US”. The party also accused the government of “dragging its feet” on the Iran gas pipeline project “at the behest of the US and in consideration of the Hyde Act”.

    Meanwhile, Left leaders continued talks with UPA allies. In New Delhi, NCP spokesperson D.P. Tripathi called on CPI(M) General Secretary Prakash Karat and CPI National Secretary D. Raja spoke with DMK chief M. Karunanidhi on the Left’s position on the deal. Raja and Karat are slated to travel to Chennai on Sunday.

    “Mythical energy claims are being made in order to promote a bad nuclear deal.
    Energy is just a cover. The real intent is India-US strategic ties,” the CPI(M) Central Committee said in a statement.

    CC member Nilotpal Basu took a dig at Science and Technology Minister Kapil Sibal, a keen advocate of the deal. “The government is linking nuclear energy with the oil crisis. We do not know if the government has any technology to put uranium directly into the fuel tanks of buses and cars. We might lack in technological knowledge as compared to the Science and Technology Minister,” he said.

    Asked to elaborate on why the CPI(M) thought American interests are being pushed, Basu said: “I think the people of the country can draw their own conclusions. Obviously, there are some political interests at play to gain from the strategic alliance with the US.”

    Four top Communist leaders -- Prakash Karat and Sitaram Yechury (CPI-M), AB Bardhan and D Raja (CPI) -- have received "death threats" by mail for stopping the Congress-led UPA Government in going ahead with the nuclear deal and "harassing" Prime Minister Manmohan Singh's cabinet.

    Sources said, the letter written in incorrect English by one Vinay Kateri from Mumbai has accused the Left leaders of "hijacking" national interests and warned them against "behaving like terrorists." The mail accuses the Left leaders of "hijacking" national interests and warns them against "behaving like terrorists."
    The writer also accused them of suffering from "anti-American virus" and said "people of this country are tired with their ... behaviour and harassing (of) the government for the last four-and-a-half years."

    Joining the chorus from the Left front to scrap Indo-US nuclear deal, the All India Forward Bloc (AIFB) today called the agreement a threat to the nation's sovereignty.
    "The proposed Indo-US civilian nuclear deal is a threat to the national sovereignty and violation of the Common Minimum Programme of the UPA government," AIFB national secretary G Devarajan told party workers here.

    The agreement went against the time-tested independent foreign policy of the country, Devarajan said calling upon the people to oppose the deal.

    Addressing the AIFB party's foundation day function here, he said all successive governments since independence had failed to resolve the basic problems of the common man such as illiteracy, unemployment, ill-health and inequality.

    "The unfinished task of party founder Subhas Chandra Bose in his struggle against imperialism should be carried forward to save the nation from neo-imperialist forces and their Indian agents," he said.

    Meanwhile,India has blamed speculators for the price in global oil prices and warned that the country’s economic goals were in “great peril”.

    Oil-producing nations must not to remain a "passive spectator of speculation" and should adopt a "price band mechanism" to decrease prices, said Finance Minister P Chidambaram at the meeting of world energy ministers in Jeddah.

    "Oil prices threaten to wipe out the economic gains made by developing countries in recent years. The irrational escalation in oil prices is a cause of diversion of cash resources from education, health and other social sector schemes.

    "The only way forward is for the both producers and consumers to find common ground. We propose that we adopt a price band mechanism," said Chidambaram.

    According to Chidambaram’s proposal petrol-consuming countries will guarantee that oil prices would not fall below an agreed level and producing countries will guarantee that prices would not rise above a guaranteed level.

    "In the band between these two levels, let prices be determined by market forces. This is the only way to shelter the world from volatility and unpredictability in oil prices," he said.

    India has acquired the capacity to end poverty but global oil prices were endangering it capabilities. "I speak with great anguish because the goals that we have set for ourselves are in great peril," he said.

    "Questions have been raised about the fundamentals of the oil industry. There is a need for the oil industry to reassert its leadership in price formation and not remain a passive spectator of speculation and paper trading in oil.

    “The global hydrocarbon community must address this situation through appropriate supply side responses and calm the oil markets.”

    Chidambaram, who is accompanying Petroleum Minister Murli Deora as part of the Indian delegation to the summit, warned oil producers that would sufferer too if the global economy slows down or slips into recession because of high oil prices.

    Global consumption increased by one million barrels a day last year, but production fell by 1.30 lakh barrels per day. "Spare capacity, across the supply chain, has dwindled considerably. This has added to risks and uncertainty. Hence the need to fast track development of oil resources," he said.

    Rejecting the suggestion that rise in demand is the cause of spiraling prices, Chidambaram said that demand and supply dynamics cannot explain what has happened over the last twelve months.

    "How is that oil prices were $70 a barrel in August 2007 and how is it that they have doubled when there has been no dramatic change in demand? The causes for the current pandemonium in oil prices lie elsewhere: in unregulated over-the-counter markets and futures trading in oil," he said.

  • Pitambar Pant, Caning and Virtual Reality

    Pitambar Pant, Caning and Virtual Reality

    Troubled Galaxy Destroyed Dreams: Chapter 12

    Palash Biswas

    http://www.troubledgalaxydetroyeddreams.blogspot.com/

    I am very happy today. My young friend Ronnie, Aneek Roychowdhaury, a eighteen year boy, has been selected for admission in Indian Statistical Institute, kolkata, He has cleared IIT and joint Entrance examinations with higher ranks but he was determined to get in ISI. His Parents Dr Ajit Roychowdhury and Mrs Roychowdhury was quite tense as he was reluctant enough for refusing Engineering or Medical options.

    Ronnie told me that thousands and thousands of doctors and engineers get through every year but he wants to do something basic and original. His priority happens to be research and higher studies. he had mad up his mind for higher studies provided not being selected for ISI. Ronnie write very well. he could have been a very good creative writer. Roychowdhuries belonged to Barishal district now in Bangladesh. Half of the family is still stranded there.

    Ronnie`s grandfather has given away his Zamindary for public welfare. the family runs several colleges and education across the border. Senior Roychowdhury was Mahamahopaddhyay and the legal consultant for Bangladesh government in Hindu affairs. He is no more. Bangladesh declared National Mourning on his demise. This family is liberal enough to allow intercaste marriages. A niece of Dr Roychowdhury, Jayanti works as a lecturer in Dhaka University and she is married to a scheduled caste educationist. We are glad to be neighbours.

    I am writing about Ronnie not for his success or family glory or our personal relations. I am influenced by his clear vision. I am influenced by his personality.

    Contrarily my only child, Tussu, Excalibur Stevens, a 22 year guy is still confused and has no vision at all.

    I see all the girls, those in our locality, in friendly families and acquaintances to do well in studies and quite serious in their career. I often have a little chat with them.

    But most of the boys, including the friend circle of my son are never so good in studies . Neither they look serious enough in career or life.

    Most of them are often engaged in video games and chatting and hanging around with either computer or mobile phones.

    What I realised, it seems like that the girls are keen to break the sickles of domestic enslavement and they identify the studies with their quest for freedom. But the boys are enough free not for longing for it anymore. They get everything without any struggle. They run for brands and style. Enjoyment and present day happen to be the ultimate horizon for them.

    Ronnie seem outstanding. He studied in Ramakrishna Mission, Rahra in Khardah. He secured a moderate Marks sheet with eighty percent only. but neither he nor his parents did seem a little bit worried. We all knew Ronnie and his calibre.

    What I insist, I don`t understand much the psyche of the Post modem neo capitalist generation next, the faces of Future, lost in virtual reality. Bengali literary mag `Desh’ is publishing a serial Novel titled `PALTA HOWA’, involving a string of Generation Next including teenagers and young men and ladies. I read it regularly despite it is somewhat soft porn and portrays copulation better than the psyche of the generation next. I try to understand them in communities and groups. I fail, I am afraid.

    I see them dating freely in Millennium park on the bank of Ganges, in parks, trains and public places including offices. They are free of any psychological bondage, tradition, discipline or taboo. But the most wanted vision is absent. They live the life Today only.

    In this background, I go back often in my childhood. In my college days and Universities. The younger environment during pre liberation and post independence days were strikingly different. We may not expect any Student Movement like the Paris Students` movements in sixties as well as a few years back. No La Chino was may be created by any Godard with this generation. It may not mobilise itself like the students mobilised themselves under JP`s leadership. I don`s see any possibility of thundering Spring of Naxalbari next time. Generation next is nowhere linked with this world or time. It never cares for family or relationship. And it worries me most.

    I pity these girls and boys as they are deprived of the schooling we got.

    The society has lost the teachers.

    Sometimes back, I read a short story about a School Master, `PANDIT MOSHAI’, written by Tara Shankar Bandopaddhya. The school master was a poor Brahman. He was appointed in a school run by the Zamindar. He was chosen, in fact for his cooking abilities and was made the in charge of the Kitchen of the Zamindar. Zamindar, based in Kolkata rarely visited the place. Last time while the Zamindar visited the village, the School Master was caught red handed stealing rice, ghee and vegetables. It was turned to be a rare case of the love of a teacher for his student. The school was unrecognised but the students of the school were famous to get scholarship. One of the children was the most poor. But he was the most intellectual. The schoolmaster stole just because he wanted to manage proper nutrition for the child.

    In my Junior High school days while I was a student of class Eight, I led an agitation against the Principal, Mr KL sah. Because our Bengali question paper was printed in Devanagari instead of Bengali. Simply because , there was no Bengali Printing press.It was in 1970. My father Pulin Babu was arrested in language movement, the famous Bhasha andolan in Dhaka. Tushar kanti Ghosh, the editor of Amrita Bazar patrika got bailed him out. Pulin Babu was in the management committee of the school and very friendly with Mr KL Sah. Sah introduced Uniform in the Zila Parishad school. It was a Private junior High School run by the Udvastu Committee. The school was upgraded to High school and later on to a government Inter College. But the refugees were agitated as the school was taken over by the District Board. While I was in Primary School in Haridaspur, an agitation was launched against the district board acquisition. My father supported the acquisition. But it was a fierce movement and all the board appointed teachers were thrashed and driven away. One night, the agitators raided in the quarter of the Principal MR Sah. The sah couple caught the night raiders and three students were restricted. Thus, the question paper issue was too hot. Our Agriculture teacher Mr Gola Singh was controversial enough for awarding rigorous tasks on field and punishing the students physically. He was the incharge to maintain discipline. We sought for the dismissal of the Principal and mr Gola Singh. Terai Udvastu committee chairman Radhakant Mandal was dead. All India Udvastu Committee was constituted and Pulin Babu was chosen President. Haripad Biswas was the Challenger. His son Amal Biswas defeated my father`s lieutenant Kumud Ranjan Mallick in the Sarpanch elections.

    Father pleaded in defence of the Principal and said that he did not intend to insult either Bengali Language or Bangla nationality.

    But Haripad Biswas and his supporters were reluctant. They were supported by the most of the Bengali population. I was chosen as leader simply to challenge my father and his supporters. But I was dare devil enough to lead and convince others.

    Shyam Lal Verma was the district Board president and was very close to my father.

    The strike continued for a long month without any result. We were studying in open air classes arranged by rivals. My Thamma as well as my villagers,neighbourhood and all the supporters of my father were shocked by my leadership. My father slapped me while I was leading a procession on the first day of the strike. It was the last interference by my father. he never interfered with my decision.

    At last Verma came and assured that the Principal was to be replaced. The strike was withdrawn. I passed class Eighth virtually reading nothing. But the Principal was not replaced. instead three High school students were restricted. It was just a betrayal for us. It hurt me as no action was taken against me and I was studying in the school in class Nine. Meanwhile, all the naxalites shifted in Terai escaping Bengal repression, Very soon, I was in close touch with all of them. In 1971, while my father was busy in East Pakistan and later Bangladesh and Mrs Indira Gandhi was described as reincarnation of Goddess Durga, I turned naxalite. Red book was my holy Book. My father did not intervene. I concentrated on studies other than my course. The Principal KL Sah loved me very much. As there was no first class in last five years. I was his choice. I knew it and revolted. Despite my first Boy record, I tried my best to fail in class ninth exams. Instead of school Uniform, I used to wear all Black dress.

    But Mr Sah was not hopeless. He visited my home, the rest house in our fields in Basantipur three miles away. A chaprasi would accompany him. They would raid everywhere and would get all the unexpected books.

    In the exams, I deliberately did very bad. Wrote anything except the right answer. But I passed the exams. Later, the refugee leader from Shaktifarm, Mr Deben Acharay came and he convinced me to shift in Government High school in Shaktifarm. Where I once again revolted and got admission in class Nine to ensure the loss of One Year to punish my father who supported KL Sah.

    But KL Sah never forgot me. I always remained his favourite student. he forgave me. I returned to the school in Dineshpur as soon as Mr sah was replaced by Mr Dalakoti. I passed
    High School in First division. Mr sah was the happiest man in this world.

    Pitambar Pant was also known for his raids. he could visit our home and fields anytime and could locate us anywhere.

    Even in my college days, during Graduation and Post graduation, I had been under close surveillance of my Primary Teacher. I always respected him. I never disobeyed my Primary teacher. Though in the University, the Professors in all disciplines and even the Vice Chancellor were scared of me. I did not apply for lectureship in DSB college despite the Department Head recommended me and new colleges needed lectures in English department. The university was looking for English lecturers for at least a dozen colleges. I was called for and could have been accommodated with different life story. Because we mishandled the Vice chancellor during agitations, I was reluctant to ask for Job face to face him. the man was the only appointing authority.

    But I never dared to say anything against Pitambar Pant or Tara Chandra Tripathi. Mr pant retired and I could not contact him further. But I maintained live contact with Mr Tara Chandra Tripathi.

    The Education system is corporationised. MNCs dictate the destiny of the Generation next, not the teachers. The so called teachers are much trained for running an education business than in teaching. We had no tuition, no coaching. but it never stopped us getting higher education.

    Just Twelve pass and some vocational training with speaking English is the modern day career for any student in general. higher education and research work have been made irrelevant. The Generation Next seems to be either illiterate or semi literate. It cares for techniques and information. Infinite flow of MP3 version of XXX infractions has taken over the generation Next. The State itself sponsors the Blue revolutions with all the electronic and print media.

    I still visulise Pitambar pant and his caning.

    It makes me happy to feel the stinging pain of caning.

    It was perhaps in 1961 , when madam Christie handed me over to Pitambar Pant, the religious Brahma from Pithoragrgh , Kumayoon. Despite being a boy belonging to a dalit refugee family I always had the support from the affluent Brahman families in Terai and Hills. Basanta Kumar Bannerjee belonged to a freedom fighter family from Banaras. His brother, Manindra Nath Bannerjee had been hanged by the British. Bannerjees had been always friendly with our family. I had the privilege to get entry in his library. Where from I learnt all about European history and world Wars, Netaji and the revolutionaries of Independence struggle.

    Ramjee Roy was another freedom fighter from Deoria. He fought the Loksabha Elections against KC Pant in 1967 General elections. We supported him. i accompanied the freedom fighter in his election campaign while I hardly passed my primary school. It was a very effective schooling in practical politics.Ramji Roy maintained the relation lifelong, even after the demise of his dear friend, the leader of Dhimri Block Peasant Uprising, Pulin Babu.

    When I just entered in Zila Parishad Higher Secondary School, English teacher Suresh Chandra Sharma and Hindi teacher Mr sual got me. Both of them were Brahman. Another Brahman, Prem Prakash Budhlakoti, taught me all about Marxism while I was studying in junior classes. In GIC Nainital, Tarachand Tripathi changed the course of my life. Whatever I turned to be in my life, it is just because of Mr Tara Chandra Tripathi. who guided me in systematic studies in different disciplines. I had been residing at his home during my undergraduate days. Ms Beena Pandey, the Biology teacher in our High school was the first lady out of our family circle who was intimate enough. I still remember madam Christie. But I can see the face of Ms Beena Pandey, the young lady in early twenties, very clear. Then, during my Graduation and post graduation days, Mrs Madhulika Dexit of English Department was the first individual who recognised my vision and ambitions as well. Most of my teachers were Brahmans. They taught me all about nationality and nationalities. I was quite acquainted with Uttarakhandi Nationality from my schooldays. I was acquainted to Marxism and knew all about Class struggle. Thus, I never felt handicapped or suffered any kind of inferiority complex for my refugee, Dalit background.

    I was born and brought up amongst different nationalities in Terai and Hills. Teari in Nainital was itself a MINI India. Sikhs and Bengalies were rehabilitated side by side, quite different two nationalities. In Chittaranjanpur,in my first school, I had to study with Sikh children. My village basantipur has best Sikh neighbours in Amar Pur, Arjunpur, Jafar Pur, Bindu Khera. Bab Ganesha Singh of Arjuna led the Dhimri Block Uprising along with Harish Dhondiayal and Liladhar Pathak, both of them Kumayooni, Chowdhury Nepal Singh, a Jat and so on. Rajmangal Pandey, a central minister in Janata Party Government in 1977 had his farm in Prem Nagar. I had been among them. Ex MLA Deb Bahadur singh from Gorakhpur and Bharat Bhushan of Deoria, who defeated KC Pant in 1977 loksabha elections, were two other politicians apart from Ram Dutt Joshi, Shyam Lal Verma, ND Tiwari and KC Pant, who had been close to us.

    In fact, our family landed in a different United province, Uttar Pradesh. Gobind Ballabh Pant, Dr Sampurnand happened to be our chief minister. Sarojini Naidu was the first governor. I saw Chandra Bhanu Gupt and Sucheta Kriplani, a Bengali and close associate of Bapu were the chief ministers when we were growing. Pdt. Nehru, Lal Bahadur Shastri and Mrs Indira Gandhi were the prime ministers who belonged to UP. It was a different UP. I am proud to say that after the partition holocaust, we were lucky enough to be accomodated in Nainital in Uttar Pradesh. The partition victims in UP and Uttarakhand always felt at home away from home. We never realised ourselves as refugee or Dalit or underclasses. Though we were well aware of our Bangla Nationality.

    It was always a combined indigenous community. We always had a joint front. We were never discriminated or alienated. We were in the mainstream from the beginning. I am afraid to say that the east Bengal refugees who were lucky enough to get accommodation in West Bengal, the so called home of Bangla nationality are still deprived to be a part of the mainstream.

    The psyche I inherited from my teacher, could not be transferred to my son. It is subjectively True as well as generally. The Generation Next of either Uttarakhand or Uttar Pradesh could not inherit our legacy of a combined Community.

    I repent that I could not finish my Hindi Novel, `America Se Savdhan’ (Beware of America), which I began in 1990 and given up in 1997 after publication of almost 110 episodes. Now I have no time, no space, no money, no friend and no publisher on my side. I may not finish it in future. Life won`t allow me. Initially I intended to dedicate different parts of this novel to my teachers. First was to be dedicated to Pitambar Pant, my Primary teacher. The Second one was reserved for Mr tara Chandr Tripathi, my GIC teachers.

    Piatambar Pant was the only teacher in Haridaspur Primary Pathshala, half a KM away from my village. He managed to teach all the Five classes simaltaneously.

    When I landed in his school as a student of first standard, it was situataed in Green Fields of rice paddies. A thatched school it was. My cousin Meeradi and her friend Debla di were in class Four. Both of them were married away in 1962. Since then I was alone in the school. Though, I had been always first in my Primary , junior and High School Classes, I was injected with a notorious habit of asking questions, relevant or irrelevant. It was not enough. i used to debate violently. I am lucky that most of my teachers not only did bear with it but they encouraged me. I was often handed with new books, literature or at least a book list. In DSB College, our English lecturer in the department of English, Captain LM Sah ensured my free entry in the College library like any professor while I was a student of M.A English, first year.

    We shifted to the roadside single long room thatched school very soon. Pitambar Pant was very strict. I remember that he used to get Rs Seventy per month and the payment was never regular. He used to get the payment in months. The villagers would supply his ration always. Mr Pant was ther with his two sons, Bhuvan and Jagdish. Bhuvan was studying in the Junior High school. Jagadish was with me since first standard. We were togeteher until we passed High Schools. Both Bhuvan and jagadish became teachers later.

    Jagadish had a tail in his head, the Chutia as the Hindus maintain a lengthy string of hair on head to certify Hindutva. Mr pant would use it as a tool whenevre he divereted from the dictated ways of study.

    I was often selected as class monitor. But it turned out to be horrible for the people around and the teacher as well, always. Different ideas of mischief cropped well in my mind and I would inflict all this mischief in other students. I would lead any awesome adventure. Suppose, we could jump in the river without knowing anything about swimming!

    We cold lit the pitch, the black liquid meant for metalled road which was in progress. We could harm the rice paddies anytime swimming in the floodded fields. We could destroy the boundary walls simply breaking the fences. We could loot any garden full of Mangoes or Guavas. We could run away with any amount of suger canes from the lorries stranded or running on the road. We could run away from the school anytime while the teacher was busy otherwise.

    The punishment was sever. We had to get the canes from Jungle , knowing well the ultimate result. I was always punished for my mischiefs, never for my studies. Instead, Mr Pant was always careful to prepare me in advance. I was always made up for advance courses.

    It was lucky for me that My father Pulin Babu used to be away anywhere countrywide or across the border with his all time mobilisation. Otherwise, the punishment had to be double. As Pulin Babu was a father who met my teachers daily to get the progress report anytime. he had been friendly with all my teachers.But it happened rarely as he used to be always out of station. My Chhoto Kaka,uncle was very loving who supported me in any condition and supplied me with all classics. I had to accompany him in his fishing adventure or Jatra show. I was not little bit afraid of him. My Jethamoshai, the Elder uncle had to look after the Agro sector and he was always busy with music. It spared us very much. We never were interfered by the womenfolk as they were too busy with their kitchen.

    But I had to read aloud. I invented a rare tactic to encounter this problem. We all used to read anything out of course. We used to read aloud collectively. thus, it was quiet impossible for our rural people to understand anything amongst the chorus.

    The Primary school set the mood of my psyche. I was much more aware of nationalities and knew nothing about caste system. Only after I transferred in Bengal, I became acquainted with the curse of Manusmriti. First time I felt the discrimination in lifetime!

    I, personally, feel the tense communication gap with the youth force around me. My only son Tussu will be twenty three years old on 3rd September next. I have not any link with him . However he lives with us. He avoids every opportunity ofdialogue. He is busy with his personal computer and does not like any talk at all. This isn't the tension derived from differing expectations regarding communication, professionalism, and organization. This isn't even the normal parent/child relation. And I feel parents all over the world, particularly, in India face the same intriguing problem with their post modern children.

    The faces of future seem to be lost in virtual reality!

    Mobile, video games, Hollywood films, wwf and chatting and downloading with personal computer is the whole world for this helpless lot. They never care for relationship or liabilities. We the parents have to pay for whatever they want. Some of them are , no doubt, very brilliant. But they believe very strongly that the history is dead and dead is the ideology. Thus they have to do nothing as far as the society and the nation are concerned.Have you come to the stark realization that most parents interpret their worlds and faiths through the lens of modernity while their children see the same landscape through postmodern lenses?

    May be, you realized this fact and figured out that you must rethink some of your convictions and retool your methods in order to disciple today's teens.

    But we also see the career oriented generation to shout slogan on streets, demonstrate against state power with as much violence as allowed, clash and scuffle with police, sitting on indefinite hunger strike and even, joining Naxals or any anti state group as they do in the entire north east.

    They are not anarchist.

    Not nihilist.

    Not idealist.

    But, sometimes, they come out and challenge the State Power, Establishment and we, the Parents.

    But it seems to me that they are still far away from Reality and live in virtual reality.

    We saw the French government to rectify the objectionable labour law enacted as entire student force in France rose against.

    We also know the history of students movements in countries like US, China,Indonesia, Nepal, Germany, Mexico.

    where do our own students stand?

    We have seen the latest development of anti quota movement.

    Where do the brilliant students hide , until and unless their own career is not in danger?

    Reservations in educational institutions have become a tool in the hands of all political parties to garner votes among the socially and educationally backward classes of Indian society.

    The statement made by the HRD Minister Arjun Singh on implementation of 27 per cent reservation in central universities and even in institutes of academic excellence, such as IITs and IIMs is highly regrettable.Institutions of academic excellence should be free from any sort of reservation. Only academic merit should be the criteria for admission to such institutions.

    The student force cry helplessly that domestic vote bank politics should not be allowed to deteriorate the standards of these institutions of academic excellence, but the bill was passed in the Rjya Sabha and presented in the Loksabha. Now it happens to be decided in the Parliamentary standing committe.

    Without the mass participation of student force and urban youth, rising Naxal violence over the years is now emerging as the single largest internal security challenge for India, as the ruling classes put it. They seem to be satisfied this time as their own brilliant children have nothing to do with this revolt against the state. The demand for crushing Naxalites have become a hype already and recently Prime Minister Manmohan Singh admitted that growing Maoist insurgency was fast emerging as a big threat for the nation. According to reports the 'Naxals' as Maoists are addressed to in local parlance, have now spread to huge swathes of the country's hinterland in south, central and east India in recent years.The insurgency, named after the town of Naxalbari where it emerged in 1967, is thought to affect 165 of the country's 602 administrative districts in a "red corridor" stretching from the southern tip of India all along its eastern half and up to Nepal.

    Thousands of people have died in nearly 40 years of Maoist violence including hundreds of policemen. Reports say 157 people had been killed in Maoist-related violence this year alone, up from 114 in the first quarter of 2005. Last November, Bihar authorities were shaken by a Naxal attack on a Jehanabad prison. Some 250-rebel prisoners were freed, and a paramilitary leader was executed. There were several major incidents in the first quarter of 2006. In early March, rebels hijacked a train in Jharkhand and held 40 passengers hostage.

    There is hardly any ideological debate in this matter. The youth of today is not concerned whatever the Naxals say. But in sixties and seventies, students did cosist as the major force of the agrarian revolt in India.

    We had a hero named Amitabh Bachchan , popularly known as angry young man. He had been an odd personalty, fighting against his time and environment.

    Those were the days of seventies, just after the thunder of spring failed in West Bengal.

    We had also a Romantic superstar Rajesh Khanna with his films like Aanand and Namakharam, Aaradhana and Amar Prem.

    We had enjoyed the melancholy of self destruction in Devdas with the self destruction of Dilipkumar as Devdas.

    This generation is also involved with Devdas without the classic black and white tragedy. Tragedy is there with full of colour. It is Sanjay Leela Bhansali Shahrukh Khan version of Devdas.

    This generation seems to be colorblind. They may not identify all the colors , but they ars always busy with color monitor.

    It is a good time for Hollywood in India. It is time for Terminator, Rambo and all the Special effects and Robots. It is a time for Love story 2050.

    Our own children turn to be Terminator or Rambo. Gone are the days of Sherlock Homes, Stayajeet Ray, the wonderful world of Charles Dickens and Bibhuti Bhushan Bandopadhya and even James Bond. Romance and revolution of sixties and seventies are quite absent. Absent are Icons of national heroes.

    Generation Next has no Hero. No Heroine.

    Icons are the perfect combination of animation, video game and special effects. A Jurassic Park is created with perfect disaster plan.

    No Pitambar Pant or no Tarachandra Tripathi available around!

    Who would dare for caning?

    The time lacks Discipline.

    The Time lacks vision!

    We have an excellent film Rang De Basanti with the tagline : Awakening generation and we see the generation involved with an issue like mig accidents.the Bollywood film industry of India. It was released on 26th January 2006; it was directed by Rakeysh Omprakash Mehra (of Aks fame). The film stars Aamir Khan, Soha Ali Khan, Madhavan, Kunal Kapoor, Siddharth, Sharman Joshi, Atul Kulkarni, British actress Alice Patten, Waheeda Rehman, Om Puri, Kiron Kher and Anupam Kher. The music is by A. R. Rahman and the album went on to become a chartbuster.

    The story line is excellent and the treatment is very good. The director does not sidetrack the issue at all. But in reality , there is no student movement in India dealing with the burning question the nation or the people face. Anti corruption movement is absent since the decline of JP movement in seventies. The Naxals and anti establishment elements of yesterday are well established in the wings of power. The JP movement vanished with the Janta government and we see Laloo, Nitish, Sharad Yadav, Sushil Modi, all heroes of JP movement in Bihar clash with each other in power politics.

    Struggling British filmmaker Sue (Alice Patten) comes to India after she reads the diary of her grandfather, who served in the British Force during India's struggle for Independence. She comes to India in order to make a short film about some of the heroes of the Indian Independence Movement, including legends such as Bhagat Singh and Chandrasekhar Azad. The hitch at this point is that the youth of today do not read the history and they know nothing about the heroes of independence. On the other hand, the history of independence has been made irrelevent. So that ,with the help of her friend Sonia (Soha Ali Khan) in New Delhi, she sets out to find actors suitable for the roles. Sonia introduces Sue to some of her male friends:

    Daljeet Singh aka "DJ" (Aamir Khan)
    Sukhi (Sharman Joshi)
    Karan (Siddharth)
    Aslam (Kunal Kapoor)

    Sue convinces them to act in her film. Laxman Pandey (Atul Kulkarni), a political party activist, later joins the group though he is initially disliked by the other boys on account of his Hindutva beliefs and contempt of Aslam, who is a Muslim. This scenerio is picked up with the prevailing communal equation of India with the background of Gujrat riots. We simply forget that since the first struggle of Independence in 1857, Muslims have been equally involved with Hindus. In Rang de Basanti, It seem to be a quota only.

    As the young men learn their lines and learn more about the history of the Independence movement, they realize that, unlike the men they are playing, they have lived completely for their own pleasures and have ignored India's pressing problems. They lack the spirit of patriotic self-sacrifice.Just as they are beginning to form some higher ideals, they are forced to deal with a real-life tragedy in their midst. Sonia's fiancé, Ajay (Madhavan), is an Indian air-force pilot. He is killed during routine practice when the MiG he is flying, crashes. The friends soon come to realize that Ajay, in fact, chose to steer the plane away from densely populated Ambala city instead of ejecting himself from the plane to save his own life.

    The government proclaims that the crash was caused by pilot error. But Sonia and her friends know that Ajay was a seasoned pilot, also that there have been many MiG crashes of late -- too many to be due to pilot error. They discover that the crash was due to a corrupt defence minister (Mohan Agashe), who had signed a contract for cheap, spurious MiG spare parts in return for a large kickback.

    Not content to accept this as "just the way things are done", the group decide to protest peacefully. Police forcefully break up their protest. The young men decide to emulate the exploits of their new heroes, Bhagat Singh and Chandrasekhar Azad, fighting corruption just as Singh and Azad fought the British. Violence ensues.

    Amartya Sen on what ails India's education system

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    February 05, 2007

    Amartya Sen is man of many parts -- Lamont University Professor and Professor of Economics and Philosophy at Harvard University, honorary doctorates from major universities across the world, and author of books including The Argumentative Indian (2005), and Identity and Violence: The Illusion of Destiny (2006) besides research in philosophy, welfare economics and the economics of peace and war.

    He is the recipient of many awards including "Bharat Ratna" and Nobel Prize in economics. He will be speaking at the Nasscom Summit 2007 in Mumbai on February 7. In an email interview with Leslie D'monte, he explains why he's not satisfied with the current state of India education. Here are the excerpts:

    What positives do you see in today's Indian education system?

    Positives? First, our higher education system is widespread, and while the quality of it is very mixed, there are still a lot of people getting reasonable higher education.

    Second, in some fields, especially in technical education, the quality of what is offered is indeed fairly high. Against these "positives" stand the huge neglect of primary education and also secondary education, and of course - as already mentioned - the highly variable
    quality of university education (some of it not worthy of that name).

    What are the major pitfalls?

    The pitfalls of illiteracy include functional handicap, intellectual deprivation, and social disadvantage. When large groups are systematically neglected, like girls, especially from economic and social underdog families, the social penalties are gigantic.

    Is technology is gradually helping in taking education to the masses?

    The main causes of our uneven and highly unequal educational system are not technological underdevelopment but political and social neglect.

    It is, of course, important for those who are masters of contemporary technology to take deep interest in removing the educational neglects that plague the country, but they have to look for the diverse ways and means of helping, rather than sticking only to their identities as "high technologists"!

    Any sector that become as rapidly - and as convincingly - prosperous owes something to the rest of the society as well, but that is not the same thing as looking only to technology to solve all problems.

    Technology can certainly help the spreading of education, for example in making the schooling of maths easier and faster, and even in monitoring the attendance and accountability of teachers and of school officials (I remember Ramadorai of Tata Consultancy Services explaining to me the possibility of using smarter technology in that work), or in making communication of elementary maths easier, but it is not the lack of a
    "technological magic bullet" that is holding everything up.

    We need IIMs and IITs and we simultaneously need to provide for primary and secondary education. What steps should the government take to ensure that neither one is promoted at the expense of the other?

    The main "step" to take is to get on with it! The government has to speed things up. However, the government is not the only agency involved. Not only more money is needed in schooling - not just through raising salaries of teachers and officials - but also better organisation of teaching and better practices (not minimal schooling with maximal private tuition!).

    For this we need cooperation between many agencies: governments (at different levels), teachers' unions, parent-teacher committees, civil society in general.

    We have gone into some of these issues in a few small reports of the Pratichi Trust - a small Trust that I was privileged to set up in 1999 with the help of my Nobel money, one in India and one in Bangladesh.

    The Indian Trust is particularly involved in elementary schooling and elementary health care (the Bangladesh Pratichi Trust has tended to concentrate especially on gender equity, including the training of young women journalists from rural background).

    Aside from policy revisions we have suggested, the Indian Trust organises regular parent-teacher meetings at the state level (so far only in West Bengal though - we are still a small Trust), and we have also started arranging collaborative meetings with the teachers' unions to get their help in making the schools more effective and with greater accountability. The government does, of course, have a huge part to play, but other people and other organisations also have responsibility. Powered by
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    China far ahead of India in primary as well as higher education
    Filed under:
    Education
    China is far ahead of India in primary education with literacy rates more than 85% compared to Indias less than 65%. However, an analysis of statistics tends to prove that China has acquired a considerable lead over India even in higher education. Another interesting aspect about China is that it is well ahead in professional education. India, on the other hand, still leads in the non-professional education.

    When one compares the number of graduates in India in 04 with China in 2003, the figures are revealing. India graduated 24.6 lakh students ahead of China at 18.8 lakh. India also has 11.5 lakh arts graduates compared to China which lags at just 5 lakh. Science graduates in India at 5.4 lakh are far more than Chinas very meagre 1.73 lakh.

    But China is far ahead of India in professional education. For instance, China churned out 6.44 lakh engineering graduates compared to just 1.55 lakh graduates from India. Medicine presents an even starker contrast. China churned out 1.1 lakh medical graduates compared to a mere 25,000 from India. And, very interestingly, the nominally Communist China turns out 2.8 lakh management graduates compared to 64,000 from India.

    China has been working at its educational statistics for the past decade and more. For instance, the funding for education has increased by almost eight times since 1991. India has several lessons to learn from China in the way it has handled higher education, especially its focus on professional education.

    India could do with more institutes for professional education. A recent ETIG analysis had concluded that India has a severe scarcity of doctors, especially in northern states.

    The fact that China annually generates more than four times the doctors that India does only strengthens the view that India needs to work at increasing the output from its professional educational institutions, especially medicine.

    Source : Online Resource

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  • Greatest Atom Bomb happens to be the Himalayas and it is Switched On. Any Slightest Ignition Would Spell Doom`s Day

    Greatest Atom Bomb happens to be the Himalayas and it is Switched On. Any Slightest Ignition Would Spell Doom`s Day

    Troubled Galaxy Destroyed Dreams: Chapter 11

    Palash Biswas

    http://www.troubledgalaxydetroyeddreams.blogspot.com/

    Every one in the Himalayas happens to be a Sleeping Dynamite! It may explode anytime, any where! The State power doesn`t have any clue of it and has no solution except Military. Since Himalayas have to be ruled to exploit its manpower and natural resources, the State power has no language to deal with it except the language of continuous repression and persecution! It is happening in Darjeeling once again. Bengali Communalism is reincarnated to bail out the Marxist Gestapo ruling Hegemony from its self employed , suicidal Ways of Capitalist Development resulting in Nandigram and Singur Insurrections and afterwards duster in Panchayat elections threatening its very existence!

    Ashok Bahattachary, the Urban development Minister of West Bengal government was looking on Darjeeling and Hill affairs for the Chief minister Brand Buddha Brand Yuddha! Ashok Babu first called all the tourists not to visit Darjeeling. Now, he ahs branded the leader of Gurkha Janamukti Morcha, spearheading the latest version of the movement as anti social!

    Who created this Bimal Gurung?

    We all know who created Jarnail Singh Bhinderwala. We all Indian had felt well the heat of Khalistan Movement. While the extreme general violence that marked the Gorkhaland movement is now a memory, political violence continues to dog and destabilise these hills.

    We witness that. And, forgive me we have to witness this thanks to Ashok Bhattacharya and Buddhadev Bhattachary along with Priya Ranjan Dasmunshi, Somnath Chatterjee, Sunil Gangopaddhyaand Pranab mukherjee. All of these gentlemen belong to elite Bengali Brahmin castes!

    I shared the Himalayan experience as I am destined with my community. I am born and brought up in Uttarakhand and I spent my young life in Nainital during intense Chipko Movement. I was also destined to witness the Changes across the Himalayas all over from Kashmir to Nepal, Sikkim to Tibet, Gorkhaland to Nagaland and Bhutan. Himalayas has been victimised all the time and the Himalayan people happen to be the ultimate displaced and disturbed, indigenous Community as a whole where every road happens to be vertical as the rivers are. They flow to the Plains as the Manpower and the Women! I feel the hearts and mind all the time.

    In 2002, in the month of September, I visited Darjeeling and Sikkim amidst heavy rain. I had to witness a Bharat Bandh and was stranded in Siliguri before landing in Darjeeling. At that time I tried my best to contact Subas Ghising. But he was not reachable. I visited the Darjeeling Press club where my journalist friends told me all about the Power caucus of Ghising! He was losing the grip since then. The Marxists could not realise the facts of the open secret. Marxists continued the Deal with Ghising and went in accordance with Ghising directives at the cost of the Entire Gurkha population!

    Gorkaland is the name given to the area around Darjeeling and the Duars in north West Bengal in India. Residents of the area, mostly Gorkhas have long demanded a separate state for themselves to preserve their Nepali identity and to improve their socio-economic conditions.

    It is raining heavily in West Bengal. The State Machinery is busy with ensuring civic facilities to the stranded Metro Privileged people. The crisis is dealt with urgency. This essence of Urgency or priority has been quite absent all these years since the first of Gorkhaland agitation, full two decades. It is as similar as the continuous influx of refugees from the other part of Bengal in West Bengal and all the North east states. Rather the Brahmins of Bengal en-cashed the tragedies of millions of indigenous people uprooted in the power game and bargaining in the best interest of the South Asian ruling class. The Government of India never tried to chalk out a Refugee Policy as far as the East Bengal Refugees are concerned. The Bengali Marxists got the political mileage with a strong Refugee vote Bank. Demographic Balance for the Brahmin dominance was the topmost priorities to hold on state Power for the Brahmins. thus, it became mandatory to export SC refugees out of Bengal to deny Dalit Muslim combination in future. But the refugee influx continued as it proofed a tasty meat for the ruling parties ruling different states. East Bengal refugees proved to be pet and mobile Vote Bank. When they tried to get back in Bengal with Marichjhanpi movement initially initiated by Comrade Jyotiu Basu to constitute a favourable vote bank, Marxists were already at home in the Writers Building. It took no time to massacre the refugees.

    Thus, with continuous insurgency problems in Kashmir and North east, Nationality uprisings everywhere, neither the Government of India nor the Sate Governments ever tried to make a Himalayan Policy.

    Instead, they chose the Himalayas for continuous Rape. All the concerned Sate Powers of Asia including China and India are habitual to be engaged in this gang rape.

    Hence, all political parties ally to crush any movement in Himalayas.

    Left Congress combine as well as the Centre and the West Bengal government are speaking in the same language. The language is quite trendy to tame the slaves.The issue of Gorkhaland has come back with a bang this time amidst much protest from Nepalis and Non-Nepalis alike. The Gorkhaland issue was not just a fight for a separate state but it was a battle of identity for the Gorkhas of Darjeeling. The people in the hills of West Bengal have been very touché about the separate identity that they have been craving for, since the early 1900's.It of course did not help that some leaders both regional as well as national in the shadow of ignorance, one would like to believe have called the Gorkhas "illegal immigrants".

    If some indigenous nationality or community chose to break the sickles of this infinite slavery the result happens to be the same as it turned out to be in Nepal and Sikkim!

    Once the master of the Hills and harbinger of the Gorkhaland movement in the late eighties, Gorkha National Liberation Front chief and former administrator of Darjeeling Gorkha Hill Council Subash Ghising is now a lonely man.

    Even as the demand for a separate state has been revived, throwing the Hills into a turmoil all over again, the man who started it all remains cut-off from the agitation.

    The Gorkhaland Movement which started in the mid 80s had a major impact on the whole social structure of Darjeeling.During this movement which lasted for a few years,Darjeeling saw the finest of schools closing down for months in a row because of strikes ,night life ceased to exist and almost all public activities came to a sudden halt.This also had an impact on the music scenario in Darjeeling and the musicians had to go through the darkest period in the history of Darjeeling.Thus started the downfall of music and the social structure of Darjeeling.

    Confined within the four walls of his palatial house on Gandhi Road, a stone's throw from Lal Kothi, the Gorkha leader is now a recluse and doesn't meet people other than a handful of die-hard followers who haven't deserted him.

    For the rest of the Hill folks, Ghising is a traitor who bartered their cause and allowed himself to be a puppet in the hands of the state government.

    The giant gate leading to the bungalow is manned by a few people who glance at passers-by with suspicion. There's no one else to be seen - a stark contrast from the late eighties and nineties when hundreds would queue up to meet the leader. They included leaders, ministers, party workers and the common people. With DGHC losing its credibility among its own people, Ghising's fall from grace was quick. The Gorkhaland movement died out and the people around him soon disappeared.

    The West Bengal government and the Gorkha Janmukti Morcha (GJM) have agreed on tripartite talks involving the Centre on the contentious issue of a separate state of Gorkhaland.
    But the GJM has ruled out withdrawing the indefinite strike that it began in Darjeeling on Monday.It says such a decision would depend on the outcome of the tripartite talks.

    "We will not call off the bandh. We are for a tripartite meeting and the question of withdrawing the bandh will depend on the course of discussions in a tripartite meeting," GJM President Bimal Gurung was quoted as saying by PTI in Darjeeling on Tuesday.He said West Bengal Chief Minister Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee had earlier set precondition for talks with GJM saying discussion could be held keeping aside the separate statehood demand but now he said the government did not have any precondition for talks.

    Officials of the Sikkim government have decided to refrain from commenting on the Gorkhaland issue. The Gorkha Jana Mukti Morcha had appealed to the Sikkim government on Sunday from its meeting at Tribeni in Kalimpong sub-division to press the Centre for the creation of Gorkhaland. Mr BB Gooroong, adviser to the Sikkim chief minister said: “It would be too early to comment anything in this contest,” is all what he offered.
    Mr Goorong said: “We want to see Darjeeling prosper and are ready to help. We want the Gorkhas to have their own identity and we morally support them.”
    The Sikkim government has pleaded the Centre and the West Bengal government to ensure that the National Highway connecting the hill state with the rest of the country remains open and is not blocked due to the turmoil in the Darjeeling hills.
    The state chief secretary Mr ND Chingapa has also sent letters to Prime Minister Dr Manmohan Singh and appealed to the Union cabinet secretary, West Bengal chief secretary and home secretary to ensure that the NH-31A, which is the lifeline to Sikkim, is kept open for the supply of essential commodities and services to the state.
    “If the bandh in the Darjeeling hills continues, the situation in the state would be unmanageable," Mr Chingapa said. “As part of the emergency measures to meet any eventuality that may occur during the indefinite bandh convened by the GJMM in the Darjeeling hills, the state food and civil supplies department has been asked to ration petrol and LPG and stock up essential foodgrains,” he added.

    Earlier, in March this year, the Sikkim Legislative Assembly had adopted a resolution demanding compensation from the West Bengal government and the Centre for the frequent snag of NH-31A.

    The Darjeeling town wore a deserted look today following the indefinite bandh convened by the GJMM. Hundreds of Gorkha Jana Mukti Morcha activists took out a rally along the Mall shouting slogans in support of Gorkhaland.
    A rally participant, Mrs Anjana Sharma today said that despite the shutdown the party activists would continue to stage rallies everyday to keep the spirit of the movement alive. "Staying quiet would send wrong signals to the state government and the Centre. Our commitment to the cause is fixed,” she said.
    The crowd dispersed leaving the town desolate. The people chose to stay indoors as it rained incessantly throughout the day. The bandh, however, passed off peacefully without any untoward incident reported from anywhere in the town

    The demand for a separate state of Gorkhaland sharply divided parties on regional lines on Tuesday, with Chief Minister Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee reiterating there will be no Gorkhaland at an all-party meeting in Kolkata, while Gorkha Janamukti Morcha chief Bimal Gurung — at another ‘all-party’ meet in the Hills — flaunted the Hill representatives of 13 parties, who not only attended the meet but also endorsed Gurung’s demand.
    Bhattacharjee said a political dialogue was the only way out, hinting that a tripartite meeting between the state, Centre and the GJM could be arranged to talk things over. Of the 16 parties invited to the meeting, 12 sent their representatives to the Writers’ Buildings. Those who kept away were the Trinamool Congress, the SUCI, the GNLF and Naren Hansda’s faction of the Jharkhand Party.

    The unanimous resolution passed in this meeting read: “More efforts should be made to enhance the standard of living of the people of Darjeeling as well as to improve the economic and social conditions of the people there. Without changing the geographical contours of West Bengal, the issue of expanding the administrative and financial powers of the Darjeeling Gorkha Hill Council can be considered with sympathy.”

    Meanwhile, Gurung’s meeting decided the GJM would ask the Centre to create a separate Gorkhaland, comprising areas of Darjeeling and those contiguous to the Dooars.

    Hill representatives of the Congress, Trinamool Congress, the Bharatiya Janata Party, and even the CPI have ratified this demand, the GJM claimed. However, except for the state leadership of the BJP, no other party highcommand was too happy about these men.

    Trinamool Congress general secretary Partha Chatterjee said, “Party member Gopal Singh Chhetri, who attended Gurung’s meeting, was not authorised to do so by the Kolkata headquarters.”

    Meanwhile CPI’s Mohan Singh Rai — the party leader in Darjeeling and a former MLA from Kalimpong— is staring at an angry leadership because he had not taken permission to attend Gurung’s meeting. The party’s state secretary Manju Majumder said, “He has violated the party’s decision and we shall take action against him.”

    Congress’ Dasmunsi said, “The politician who attended the Hill meeting, saying he belonged to the Congress, is not even an office-bearer.”

    However, BJP’s Rahul Sinha said, “Our representative was sent to attend the meeting, though what he said was entirely his personal opinion.” The BJP favours smaller states, he said.

    A copy of the GJM’s resolution has been faxed to the President, the Prime Minister, UPA chairperson Sonia Gandhi, and all important central leader— ż both in government and in the Opposition. Chief Minister Bhattacharjee has also got one, GJM’s publicity chief Benoy Tamang said.

    Assam, Bihar, Orissa and Jharkhand, all these states suffered most for the Bengali ruling Hegemony. Even the Dalits and Muslims, the tribals and backwards turned to be the slaves of Brahmins in bengal. East Bengal based dalits were driven out of Bengali History and geopolitics without any resistance.

    Thus, the ruling Marxists in West Bengal underestimated the Militant Gorkhas and never expected any change in the Hills. Famine in sick tea gardens was denied. Unemployment never addressed. No serious attempt was made to develop the Hills. For Bengalies all the Himalayas regions including Darjiling happened to be tourist spots or hillsatation with spellbound landscape. They are totally detached with the Humanscape. The story is not different in other parts of Asia, including the Maoist Dragon, China.

    Gorkhaland Agitation followed by end of Monarchy in Nepal and a violent uprising in Tibet exposes the Himalayan psyche. You can not kill it. you have to deal with it. But the ruling hegemonies are never habitual to behave.

    Gorkhaland is the latest battlefield in this divided bleeding subcontinet where nationalities along with indigenous and underclass people are enslaved for time infinite. Whenever any attempt is made to break the oldest sackles, Ethnic Cleansing and Genocides happen to be only answer from the ruling Hegemony. It happened in Tibet. It occured in east pakistan, now Bangladesh. It continues to happen all over the Himalayas by different State Powers. Sometimes it is Military Islamic Rule. Sometimes it is some great spirit, say ideology as Maoism and Marxism. Sometimes it is Manusmriti and Castebased Hindutva. Sometimes it is colonisation and Imperialism. Sometimes Monarchy and Religion. Sometimes Globalisation, Privatisation and Liberalisation. Sometimes it is War and Civil War. Now it is pure marxism playing Havoc in the Himalayas!

    The story is always same. The result is always same.

    The West Bengal government on Tuesday hinted it was not averse to discussing the Gorkhaland issue with the Gorkha Janamukti Morcha, saying more power for the Darjeeling Gorkha Hill Council may be considered, even though an all-party meeting convened .

    The crucial Left-UPA meeting on Wednesday evening to discuss the India-US nuclear deal has been postponed by a week till June 25 but the Communist parties are not changing their opposition to the agreement.The official reason for the postponement was that External Affairs Minister Pranab Mukherjee was busy with the delegation of visiting Syrian President Bashar al-Assad, but sources tell CNN-IBN the Government is buying time to arrive at a consensus with the Left parties.

    The four-party Left Front has refused to allow the Government to finalise the India-specific safeguard agreement with the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) as it believes that the move would put the nuclear agreement with Washington in “auto pilot mode”.

    Mukherjee, who heads the 15-member UPA-Left committee, tried hard to convince CPI-M general secretary Prakash Karat about the nuclear deal when they met on Monday night and Tuesday night but to no avail.

    Sources told CNN-IBN that the Government had again conveyed that it wanted to go ahead with the talks with IAEA but the Left Front wasn’t convinced.

    Meanwhile,the deadlock between the Rajasthan government and the Gurjars has finally ended with the community getting a special category reservation of five per cent from within the existing Other Backward Castes (OBC) quota.The government also announced five per cent quota for Rebaris and Banjaras.The stalemate ended at the end of the fifth round of talks between Rajasthan Chief Minister Vasundhara Raje and Gurjar leader Colonel (retd) Kirori Singh Bainsla in Jaipur on Wednesday.Raje expressed satisfaction that the talks have been fruitful and that will put and an end to the agitation that has been on for about a month now.

    Raje made the announcement in the presence of Col Bainsla and senior Bharatiya Janata Party leader Ram Das Agarwal who had led the government side in the talks with the Gurjars.

    The Himalayas is not a Geographical or Geological entity only. It is live. Absolute statepower never understands this. Thus, whenever the Statepower addresses the Hiamalayas is is always a military solution. Thus, we have to bear with AFPSA for full Six decades.

    Latest play of Gorkhaland Politics is a classic example how the Ruling Hegemony treats the nationalities, indigenous people, dalits, tribals, backward classes and minorities. There is a rule of silent terror and intimidation in West Bengal under the Brahminical Marxist Rule for long thirtyone years! Bengal is one of the first states in india which came in contact with the British and imbibed their Imperialist Culture.It is an classic example of feudal communal imperialist system under Caste Hindu hegemony.

    They divided India to establish Caste Hindu Brahminical Hegemony . Bengali ruling Class was most instrumental in Partition as they had no hope for governance in United bengal ruled by muslim and dalit majority. Hindu Mahasabha played the key role igniting Communalism and Muslim League politics of two nationalities.

    It is well exposed that the West Bengal based Indian Marxist movement banks heavily on West Bengal brand Brahminical bengali Communalism. Thus, they rule. This continuous Communal Mobilisation and Vote Bank Equations with havoc Demographic Readjustment has been halted by Nandigram Singur Indigenous Peasant Uprising. Encashing on peasant movements from preindependence era particularly Tebhaga and Food Movements the Marxists in West Bengal captured Writers Buildings. They enabled Land Reforms and it followed with Rural development. With introduction of Panchayati System, Marxist Gestapo esclated its roots on Grass root level. But Insurrection in Nandigram and Singur undermined the timetested Votebank and demographic equations as Muslims as well as Dalits crossed fences to oppose the marxists. Marxists were able to hold on the most of the district boards, but the results in Gram Panchayats and Gramsabha turned to be alarming as the Left front lost half of the Gram sabha seats. Once again the East Bengal based militant Dalits, the Namoshudras and Paundras in North and South 24 Pargans, Nadia, Howrah and East Midnapur took the initiative to change the power equation allying with Muslims.
    It is quite reminscent with Interim Governments while Fazlul haq, Nazibullah and Suharawardi held the helms of power!

    Marxists always used its best tool of Bengali Brahminical Communalis against other castes, groups and communities to ensure nonchallangeable dominance of Hundred or Two hundred ruling Brahmin families in every sphere of life. With introduction of Gorkhaland movement, it was successful to strike a deal with Subas Ghising, then the greatest Gorkha Icon. darjiling Gorkha Autonomous Hill Council was established and the power was transfered to GNLF supremo, Ghisning. he ruled the Hills with lietinents like Bimal Gurung, Subba and others. it was perfect deal to share power without addressing the Gorkha Nationalities and the genuine problems of Hills. The ploy was on despite continuous strategic and security warnings of the Centre.

    No one looks on the Himalays beyond Religious salvation, Expedition, Tourism, Sex, Military recruitment, domestic help and security and the exploitation of resources.

    Ruling Class of India is never concerned with the so called Myth of National Integrity, Unity, sovereignity, Democracy , Human rights, Environment, the Himalayas itself with its strategic importance and the Himalayan people beyond its vested intest. Thus the Brahminical media highlights only on revenue losses, not on the plight of Himalayan People.

    Turning down Foreign Minister Pranab Mukherjee's request to hold talks with West Bengal chief minister Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee, Gorkha Janamukti Morcha on Saturday reiterated it was open to a tripartite dialogue involving the Centre only if the central issue was Gorkhaland.

    GJM secretary Roshan Giri said, "We haven't received any formal communication from the external affairs minister. But we have made our point clear. We are interested in a tripartite meeting and nothing else. We will go to Delhi for talks on a one-point agenda - Gorkhaland. We will go to Delhi to meet Central government leaders and tell them our grievances."

    Earlier in the day Mukherjee gave a shocker to GJM leaders when he rejected the demand for Gorkhaland. "There is no question of creating a separate state of Gorkhaland. The Centre doesn't want further disintegration of the state." But, he said, the UPA government was open to talks with agitators without any pre-condition.

    Later in the day, Union minister and West Bengal Congress chief Priya Ranjan Das Munshi spoke in a similar vein. "We are against division of our state. GJM chief Bimal Gurung may have some genuine issues that he wants to sort out within the ambit of the constitution.

    We can always have a discussion on such issues like giving more economic power to the Hill authorities."

    With the GJM not invited for talks, and main opposition party Trinamool Congress staying away from the Tuesday's all-party meeting, Buddhadeb isn't likely to make much headway in breaking the impasse in the Hills despite main parties like Congress and BJP too rejecting the demand for a separate state.

    The Gorkha protests have hit tourism in Sikkim and North Bengal badly and haven't spared the tea industry too. The political uncertainty in the region has affected the best season for Darjeeling tea, which is another blow to the industry already struggling with problems like labour unrest and rising input costs.

    It is said that Darjeeling tea is to India what Champagne is to France. It's also West Bengal's big revenue earner.

    This is the time for second-flush tea which fetches anywhere between Rs.800 to Rs.8,000 per kilogram in the West. But in the last six days alone the industry has incurred losses of over Rupees three crores.

    ''This is the real time when the gardens make profits that will help them carry on their operations for the rest of the year. If they miss out on the high realization for this time of the year, Darjeeling gardens at the end of the year will end up making losses,'' says Aditya Khaitan, Chairman of Tea Association of India.

    Its bad news for a tea industry grappling with increasing costs of production and labour unrest. This political instability now threatens to cripple it. (shots of tea gardens)

    It is not just the big players. There are several small tea growers also who are affected. Tea can't reach Kolkata until the bandh continues.

    ''Exports have been hampered in a big way, and over all the image of Indian tea in the sense of giving commitments also has suffered a set back, '' says Roshni Sen, Deputy Chairman,Tea Board of India.

    The effects of a strike in India's Darjeeling hills over demands for autonomy have spread to the mountain state of Sikkim, scaring away tourists and causing huge losses to hoteliers, officials said on Wednesday.

    Thousands of tourists flock to Sikkim every year, also known as the "Land of Mystic Splendour", nestled below Mount Khangchendzonga, the third highest mountain in the world.

    The state is popular for the grandeur of the mountain peaks, its lush green valleys, cascading waterfalls and fast-flowing rivers.

    The strike has been called by ethnic Nepalis or Gorkhas living in the Darjeeling hills to demand a separate "Gorkhaland" state be carved out of the eastern state of West Bengal.

    Strike supporters have forced tourists out of Darjeeling, a Himalayan resort town, shut down hotels and also blocked a key national highway that connects the state of Sikkim to the north with the rest of the country.

    The northeastern state, nestled high in the Himalayas, between Tibet, Bhutan and Nepal, depends on one connecting road from the plains below for supplies. Government officials said tourists were not able to reach the state.

    "Sikkim is losing at least 100 million rupees ($2.3 million) every day from the agitation in Darjeeling," Jasbir Singh, a senior government official, said.

    "The strike has crushed us," said Raj Kumar Chettri, manager of Denzong Inn, a hotel in Gangtok, Sikkim's capital.

    The strike has badly hit the tea industry in the Darjeeling hills, the mainstay of the local economy, and a tea industry official warned exports of premium Darjeeling tea could fall 20-25 percent this year.

    On Wednesday, India's defence officials said their soldiers deployed in Sikkim were not getting supplies from the plains. Hundreds of Indian soldiers guard Nathu La, a Himalayan border pass with China, at 14,200 feet (4,328 metres).

    "The strike has cut off supplies of fuel, rations and other items to the forward locations guarded by our soldiers," Ramesh Kumar Das, a defence spokesman said from Kolkata, eastern India's biggest city.

    Meanwhile, the West Bengal government on Tuesday suggested it was not averse to a tripartite meeting with Gorkha Janamukti Morcha, which is spearheading an agitation for a separate Gorkhaland, and the Centre on the Darjeeling issue and made an unconditional offer of talks with the Gorkha group.

    Asked if the government would be ready to discuss a separate Gorkhaland state as demanded by GJM, the Chief Minister told reporters here after an all-party meeting that "in my earlier letter to GJM for talks, we did not set any condition. We still do not have any pre-condition."

    Bhattacharjee said he would inform the Centre about the outcome of Tuesday's meeting and ask the political parties which attended the meeting to make efforts in initiating dialogues with the GJM for a solution.

    In reply to a question, Bhattacharjee said that he did not have any objection to a bipartite or triparite meeting with the GJM.

    "We want a solution to the problem, be it through a bipartite or tripartite meeting. But this requires preparation of the ground. For this, there is a greater need to exchange views with the Centre as also with the agitators," the Chief Minister said.

    Appealing to GJM to call off its indefinite bandh in Darjeeling Hills, he said "we will have to stand together and convince the leaders of GJM that bandhs will not solve any problem. What we need is a political dialogue."

    He said the meeting, attended by the Congrees, BJP and Left Front partners, unanimously resolved to find a political solution to the impasse through dialogue "with patience and tolerance."

    The depression over Gangetic West Bengal and adjoining Bangladesh that moved west-north-westwards and lay centred at 1730 hrs on the 17th June 2008 over Gangetic West Bengal close to Burdwan about 100 kms northwest of Kolkata. It further moved north-westwards and now lies centered at 0830 hrs Ist of today, the 18th June 2008 over Jharkhand, about 50 kms southwest of Dumka. System is likely to move in a north-westerly direction and weaken gradually. The off-shore trough at sea level from Maharashtra coast to Kerala coast persists. The trough at sea level passes through Anupgarh, Alwar, Fatehpur, Daltonganj, centre of Depression and thence south-eastwards to east central Bay of Bengal. The cyclonic circulation extending upto 2.1 kms a.s.l. over east Uttar Pradesh and neighbourhood persists.

    The western disturbance as an upper air system extending upto 4.5 kms a.s.l. lies over north Pakistan and adjoining Jammu and Kashmir. The cyclonic circulation extending up to 2.1 kms a.s.l. over central Pakistan and adjoining northwest Rajasthan now lies over Punjab and neighbourhood. Above two systems are likely to move east-northeastwards. A cyclonic circulation extending up to 2.1 kms a.s.l. lies over Haryana and neighbourhood.

    In the regions where the southwest Monsoon is yet to set in, the day temperatures were appreciably to markedly below normal in some parts of Rjasthan.

    Total India: Total rainfall during the past 24 hours at 169 available stations in the plains, out of 291 stations, is 171 cms. Normal for the above 169 stations is 100 cms.

    THE WEST Bengal government called in the army on Wednesday in West and East Midnapore district to assist in rescue and relief operations as floods swept the two districts killing five persons and affecting six lakh people. Three people are missing. Among the missing are Trinamool Congress general secretary and two of his friends.

    Mind you, every year Rural West bengal faces this floods. But the Writers Building is never engaged in any longtime planning. Urbanisation and industrialisation with MNCS and Builders have blocked the sponataneous flow of Water bodies everywhere. The result is disastrous. Mangrove forsts once upon a time covered the south suburbs of metro Kolkata. It exists no more. savge deforestation is justified as an excuse for development everytime. The government works on war level to dry up Kolkata. But it never cares for even Howrah across the river Hugli. Festivals are never postponed for any rural tragedy.

    It is the sustaing attitude towards indigenous people and the nationalities all over India!

    It is the sustaing attitude towards indigenous people and the nationalities all over India!

    So far 16 lakh people have been affected by floods in Bengal, the state's finance minister Asim Dasgupta said. He said the flood situation was causing anxiety. Hooghly is another district affected by the floods following incessant downpour since yesterday.

    In one of the worst floods since 1978, the state called in the 3 Madras Regiment and Engineers and 200 troops helped in rescue operations in West Midnapore. Soon after, the army was asked to help out in contiguous East Midnapore. Eight hundred houses have been damaged so far.

    The embankment of the swirling Kelaghai river in Midnapore burst. Eight wards in Midnapore town were flooded as were large parts of Jhargram. The railway town of Kharagpur has also been badly affected. Relief and rescue operations are on in Sabang, Narayangarh and Pungla and other areas of the two districts.

    The finance minister said priority is being accorded to rescue and relief operations and evacuating people to safer places. The government is arranging for dry food to be distributed among the affected people amidst allegations that relief is not reaching the affected people.

    A number of trains of the South-Eastern Railway have been cancelled since yesterday after there was a cave in under the railway tracks in Panskura in Midnapore. Floods have affected large areas in Howrah district. The West Bengal minister of state for cooperatives, Rabindranath Ghosh has threatened to launch a road blockade if the state government did not take immediate steps to alleviate the miseries of the flood affected people.

    That the situation in the two Midnapore districts was turning grim was evident since late yesterday evening, when three people, including the former confidential assistant of the Trinamool Congress chief Mamata Banerjee and two others were swept away in the flash floods in the Keleghai river. Gautam Bose, who is also a Trinamool Congress general secretary, along with six others tried to cross the swollen river in an SUV at about 7.30 pm. The group was on its way back to Kolkata from Balasore in Orissa and was trying to cross near Poktapole.

    According to officials of the district the river was flowing four feet above the danger level when the car tried to cross over. The car sank in the flood waters. The Trinamool Congress office-bearer and the others came out of the car. A police team which was hailed for help rescued four, including the driver with ropes but Bose and two others were swept away. The police and divers from the Haldia Port Trust are trying to trace the bodies Trinamool Congress leader and his friends.

    The southwest Monsoon has been vigorous in Gangetic West Bengal, Jharkhand and east Uttar Pradesh and active in Orissa, west Uttar Pradesh and east Madhya Pradesh. It has been subdued in Punjab, west Rajasthan, Gujarat state, Marathwada, Vidarbha, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and interior Karnatak.

    Realised rainfall and chief amounts (in cms) during past 24 hrs at:

    East: most places: Assam and Meghalaya++,Nagaland-Manipur-Mizoram-Tripura, West Bengal and Sikkim+, Orissa+, Jharkhand#, Bihar+, many places: Arunachal Pradesh+. Balasore 9.7, Gaya 8.6, Gangtok 8.5, Digha 7.4, Kolkata(ALP) 6.2, Dibrugarh 5.1, Sambalpur 4.1, Jharsuguda 3.2, Patna 2.7, Chandbali 2.6, Jamshedpur 33.8, Cherrapunji 18.1, Ranchi 13.6, Passighat 12.1, Shillong, Cooch Behar 2.1 each, North Lakhimpur 2.0, Bankura, Malda 1.9 each, Daltonganj 1.8, Jalpaiguri 1.7, Cuttack 1.5, Tezpur, Sriniketan 1.4 each, Bhagalpur 1.1, Imphal 0.9, Kohima 0.8.

    North: most places: east Uttar Pradesh, west Uttar Pradesh+, Himachal Pradesh+, a few places: Jammu and Kashmir, east Rajasthan, isolated places: Uttarakhand, Haryana, mainly dry: Punjab, west Rajasthan.

    Shimla 9.1, Jhansi 8.1, Bahraich 6.4, Hardoi 6.3, Banda 5.6, Mathura 4.0, Sundernagar 3.7, Gorakhapur 3.6, Lucknow, Jaipur 3.2 each, Shajahanpur 3.1, Una 2.8, Agra 1.9, Sawai Madhopur 1.5, Bareilly 1.4, Sikar 1.0, New Delhi (PLM) 0.7, Quazi Gund, Jammu city 0.5 each, Dehra Dun 0.3, Srinagar, Banihal 0.2 each.

    Central: many places: east Madhya Pradesh+, Chattisgarh, a few places: west Madhya Pradesh, mainly dry: Vidarbha. Tikamgarh 10.6, Nowgong 4.8, Khajuraho 3.9, Ambikapur 3.7, Pendra 2.7, Gwalior 2.5, Guna 1.8, Sheopur, Champa 1.5 each.

    Peninsula: most places: coastal Karnataka, Kerala, isolated places: Konkan and Goa, Madhya Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu*, interior Karnataka*, mainly dry: Gujarat state, Marathwada, Andhra Pradesh. Cannur 2.8, Mangalore 2.2, Honavar, Alapuzha 1.5 each, Cial cochi 1.2, Thiruvananthapuram ap 1.1, Mahabaleshwar, Punalur, Kozhikode 1.0 each, Mumbai(SCZ) 0.7, Bhira 0.5 Kolhapur 0.4, P0anjim, Sangli, Belgaum(SMB) 0.2 each, Kanyakumari, Gadag 0.1 each.

    Islands: a few places: Lakshadweep, isolated places: Andaman and Nicobar*. Minicoy 0.8, Port Blair 0.1.

    History

    From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
    Historically, Darjeeling and its surrounding terai areas formed a part of the then Kirat kingdom called Bijaypur. After the disintegration of the Bijaypur kingdom, it fell to Sikkim and Bhutan. From 1790-1816, Darjeeling and its immediate contiguous area were overrun by the Gorkhas of Nepal. After the Anglo Nepalese War (1814-1815), the Treaty of Sigauli was signed between the Gorkhas and the East India Company. Darjeeling was taken from the Gorkhas of Nepal by the British and returned to the Sikkimese after the Treaty of Titaliya. In 1835, Col Lloyd became the representative of East India Company for Darjeeling. During his tenure Darjeeling was annexed into the British Indian Empire. However the original map of Darjeeling came into existence only after the induction of Kalimpong and Duars area after the Anlgo-Bhutanese war of 1864 (Treaty of Sinchula). Darjeeling as we know of today was organised in 1866. The ethnic identity "Gorkha" comes from the district of Gorkha within Nepal which was the kingdom of the Prithvi Narayan Shah.

    In 1835 there were 10,000 Gorhkas in the Darjeeling Hills. By the start of the twentieth century, Gorkhas made a modest socio-economic advance through government service, and a small anglicized elite developed among them. Following this in 1907, the first ever demand for “a separate administrative setup” for the District of Darjeeling was placed before the British government by the “leaders of the hill people”. The “Hill people” here referred to the Lepchas, Bhutias and the Gorkhas. Their main reason for doing so was their growing sense of insecurity against the educated hordes of the plain. The demand was ignored. In 1917 the Hillmen's Association came into being and petitioned for the administrative separation of Darjeeling in 1917 and again in 1930 and 1934. In 1923 the Akhil Bharatiya Gorkha League (All India Gorkha League) was formed at Dehradun.It soon spread to Darjeeling. On 15 May 1943, All India Gorkha League came into existence in Darjeeling. It gained additional support after World War II with the influx of ex-soldiers from the Gurkha regiments who had been exposed to nationalist movements in Southeast Asia during service there.

    On 19 December 1946, the party's heart and soul, D.S. Gurung even made a plea in the Constitution Hall before the Constituent Assembly for recognition of Gorkhas as a minority community "Sir, the demand of the Gurkhas is that they must be recognized as a minority community and that they must have adequate representation in the Advisory Committee that is going to be formed. When the Anglo-Indians with only 1 lakh 42 thousand population have been recognized as a minority community, and Scheduled Castes among the Hindus have been recognized as a separate community, I do not see any reason why Gurkhas with 30 lakhs population should not be recognized as such."

    But leaders within its own ranks such as Randhir Subba, were not satisfied with this meagre demand. Soon after the death of D.S. Gurung, Randhir Subba raised the demand for a separate state within the framework of the Indian Constitution called Uttarakhand. Uttarakhand could be composed one of the following ways.

    Darjeeling district only or
    Darjeeling district and Sikkim only or
    Darjeeling district, Sikkim, Jalpaiguri, Dooars and Coochbehar or
    Darjeeling district, Jalpaiguri and Coochbehar
    This movement was discussed even by the masses. Initially Randhir Subba was in favor of a militant movement but was dissuaded by other leaders. The movement never gained momentum as its leaders were moblised to other purposes.

    On April 6, 1947, two Gorkhas Ganeshlal Subba and Ratanlal Brahmin members of the undivided CPI (Communist Party of India) submitted a Quixotic memorandum to Jawaharlal Nehru, the then Vice President of the Interim Government for the creation of Gorkhasthan – an independent country comprising of the present day Nepal, Darjeeling District and Sikkim (excluding its present North District). The demand was more of an attention seeker. It never was genuine.

    During the 1940s, the Communist Party of India (CPI) organized Gorkha tea workers. In presentations to the States Reorganisation Commission in 1954, the CPI favored regional autonomy for Darjeeling within West Bengal, with recognition of Nepali as a Scheduled Language. The All India Gorkha League preferred making the area a union territory under the Central government. In all from the 1950's to the 1985, first the CPI (1954), then the Congress (1955), then the triumvirate of Congress, CPI and AIGL (1957), then the United front (1967 & 1981), then again Congress (1968) and finally CPI(M) 1985 dangled along with the carrot of Regional Autonomy for Darjeeling

    Subash Gishing
    From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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    Subhash Ghising

    Born 22 June 1936
    Manju Tea Estate, Darjeeling
    Occupation Politician
    Subhash Gishing was the chairman of the Darjeeling Gorkha Hill Council in West Bengal, India. He spearheaded the Gorkhaland movement in the 1980's and till the late 80's the movement had gained tremendous momemtum.

    The Gorkhaland movement grew from the demand of Nepalis living in Darjeeling District of West Bengal for a separate state for themselves. The Gorkhaland National Liberation Front led the movement, which disrupted the district with massive violence between 1986 and 1988. The issue was resolved, at least temporarily, in 1988 with the establishment of the Darjeeling Gorkha Hill Council within West Bengal.

    [edit] Life
    He was born on 22 June 1936 at Manju Tea Estate in Darjeeling. While a student of class IX in St. Robert’s High School, Darjeeling, his father died. As a result, he left school and joined the Gorkha Rifles of Indian Army as a soldier in 1954. He completed his matriculation in 1959, while working but quit the army in 1960 and returned to Darjeeling.[1]

    After working as a teacher in Tindharia Bangla Primary School for about a year, he enrolled in Kalimpong Junior BT College in 1961. As result of an altercation with the college principal he left the college. He joined Darjeeling Government College and passed Pre-University Arts in 1963.[1]

    While a second year B.A. student he was arrested for participating in a political agitation against the poor condition of the hills. He had to quit studies. He was then general secretary of Tarun Sangha, it was the beginning of a long political career.[1]

    In 1968, Ghisingh was vocal on issues concerning the hills and formed a political outfit, Nili Jhanda, to further the cause. On 22 April 1979, for the first time, he raised the demand for a separate state for the Nepali-speaking people of the Darjeeling hills. On 5 April 1980 he demanded the formation of Gorkhaland. He formed the Gorkha National Liberation Front to achieve statehood. After a prolonged struggle marked by much bloodshed, on 22 August 1988, he signed an agreement with the state and the Centre for creation of the Darjeeling Gorkha Hill Council, an autonomous body.[1]

    [edit] Demonstration
    In 1986 the Gorkhaland National Liberation Front, having failed to obtain a separate regional administrative identity from Parliament, again demanded a separate state of Gorkhaland. The party's leader, Subhash Ghising, highly believed to be an agent of the Research and Analysis Wing, headed a demonstration that turned violent and was severely repressed by the state government. The disturbances almost totally shut down the districts' economic mainstays of tea, tourism, and timber. The Left Front government of West Bengal, which earlier had supported some form of autonomy, now opposed it as "antinational." The state government claimed that Darjiling was no worse off than the state in general and was richer than many districts. Ghising made lavish promises to his followers, including the recruitment of 40,000 Indian Gorkhas into the army and paying Rs100,000 for every Gorkha writer. After two years of fighting and the loss of at least 200 lives, the government of West Bengal and the central government finally agreed on an autonomous hill district. In July 1988, the Gorkhaland National Liberation Front gave up the demand for a separate state, and in August the Darjiling Gorkha Hill Council came into being with Ghising as chairman. The council had authority over economic development programs, education, and culture.

    However, difficulties soon arose over the panchayat elections. Ghising wanted the hill council excluded from the national law on panchayat elections. Rajiv Gandhi's government was initially favorable to his request and introduced a constitutional amendment in 1989 to exclude the Darjiling Gorkha Hill Council, along with several other northeast hill states and regions (Nagaland, Meghalaya, Mizoram, and the hill regions of Manipur), but it did not pass. However, in 1992 Parliament passed the Seventy-third Amendment, which seemed to show a newly serious commitment to the idea of local self-government by panchayats . The amendment excluded all the hill areas just mentioned except Darjiling. Ghising insisted this omission was a machination of West Bengal and threatened to revive militant agitation for a Gorkhaland state. He also said the Gorkhaland National Liberation Front would boycott the village panchayat elections mandated by the amendment. A large portion of his party, however, refused to accept the boycott and split off under the leadership of Chiten Sherpa to form the All India Gorkha League, which won a sizable number of panchayat seats.

    In 1995 it was unclear whether the region would remain content with autonomy rather than statehood. In August 1995, Sherpa complained to the state government that Ghising's government had misused hill council funds, and West Bengal chief minister Jyoti Basu promised to investigate. Both Gorkha parties showed willingness to use general shutdowns to forward their ends. The fact that so many people were willing to follow Sherpa instead of the hitherto unchallenged Ghising may indicate that they will be satisfied with regional autonomy.

  • Bleeding Rainbow

    Bleeding Rainbow

    Troubled Galaxy Destroyed dreams: Chapter Ten

    Palash Biswas

    Rainbow
    From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

    Rainbows are optical and meteorological phenomena that cause a spectrum of light to appear in the sky when the Sun shines onto droplets of moisture in the Earth's atmosphere. They take the form of a multicoloured arc, with red on the outer part of the arch and violet on the inner section of the arch. More rarely, a secondary rainbow is seen, which is a second, fainter arc, outside the primary arc, with colours in the opposite order, that is, with violet on the outside and red on the inside.

    A rainbow spans a continuous spectrum of colours. Traditionally, however, the sequence is quantised. The most commonly cited and remembered sequence, in English, is Newton's sevenfold red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet. "Roy G. Biv" and "Richard Of York Gave Battle In Vain" are popular mnemonics.

    Rainbows can be caused by other forms of water than rain, including mist, spray, dew, fog, and ice. Moreover, rainbows can have shapes other than a bow (arc), including stripes, circles, or even flames. (See circumhorizontal arc).

    Rainbows can be observed whenever there are water drops in the air and sunlight shining from behind a person at a low altitude angle (on the ground). The most spectacular rainbow displays happen when half of the sky is still dark with draining clouds and the observer is at a spot with clear sky in the direction of the Sun. The result is a luminous rainbow that contrasts with the darkened background.

    The rainbow effect is also commonly seen near waterfalls or fountains. Rainbow fringes can sometimes be seen at the edges of backlit clouds[1] and as vertical bands in distant rain or virga. The effect can also be artificially created by dispersing water droplets into the air during a sunny day. Rarely, a moonbow, lunar rainbow or night-time rainbow, can be seen on strongly moonlit nights. As human visual perception for colour is poor in low light, moonbows are often perceived to be white.[1]

    You can create your own rainbow by facing 180 degrees from the sun and spraying mist from a garden hose in front of you in a circular motion, outlining a 360 degree "rainbow".

    It is difficult to photograph the complete arc of a rainbow, as this would require an angle of view of 84°. For a 35 mm camera, a lens with a focal length of 19 mm or less would be required, whilst most photographers are only likely to have a 28 mm wide-angle lens. From an aeroplane, one has the opportunity to see the whole circle of the rainbow, with the plane's shadow in the centre. This phenomenon can be confused with the glory, but a glory is usually much smaller, covering only 5°–20°.

    When I Look At The Rainbow

    Lord when I look at the Rainbow you have placed in sky so
    blue, it reminds me that all your promises are true
    Your Rainbow reminds me that those who believe on you
    are few, yet you have called us your little Ewe
    Lord when I look at the Rainbow I see it's hue, it reminds
    me that your love for us true
    Your Rainbow in sky so blue, reminds me to keep praying
    through
    Lord when I look at the Rainbow it reminds me of your
    promise to all of your creatures some of whom are of
    different features
    Your Rainbow and it's many colors reminds me that it
    represents some whom are called colored
    Lord when I look at your Rainbow and see how it's colors
    are bright, it reminds me to do what is right
    Your Rainbow I have never seen at night, this reminds me
    to stay in the light
    Lord when I look at your Rainbow it reminds me of your grief
    because of our unbelief
    Your Rainbow have no pot of gold, but your wonderful story
    of love it has told
    Lord when I Look at your Rainbow it reminds that you
    promised to never again destroy the World with a flood
    Your Rainbow to me is a sign of your love it represents
    your Son's life Blood

    Vincent G. Mead

    And yet another dream......

    Feel like dancing under a rainbow, feel like singing happy
    songs, but my rainbow, no my rainbow, wont shine for me.
    Feel like going to the ocean, building castle in the sand..
    but my rainbow, my rainbow, wont shine for me.
    ,

    DAVID GERARDINO

    Rainbow

    When I first came to the city
    the rainbow paint the sky
    It's in a little bus station
    where I heard the rainbow song
    a beautiful mother singing to her little three sons
    And then rainbow shows day after day
    with God telling me everything's gonna be so right
    Oh, beautiful rainbow, beautiful sign
    just letting people feel right

    It is in this rainbow season
    that love fills friends' hearts
    some to express, some to hide
    some to broadcast, some are shy
    With the rainbow in the sky
    You shouldn't hide and you shouldn't be shy
    Nobody's gonna laugh at your lovely lines
    Oh, beautiful rainbow, beautiful sign
    Forever having her by my side

    Xin Wang

    Rainbow

    I raised the elbow
    I have seen the rainbow
    It is the celebration of sky
    My heart vibrates with joy
    Rainbow happens on special moment
    Busy life misses it in the speed movement
    Waiting for rainbow,
    In the raindrops Meadow,
    Sky is not showing grace
    Rainbow is not in trace

    Rainbow with seven colors,
    Appears to my beloved,
    stays somewhere,
    melts in the infinite sky!
    Heart felts it’s gay
    Rainbow is not mirage
    It leaves image in my soul!

    Mula Veereswara Rao

    Rainbows bleed!

    Just you should have the vision. Not only the Vision, you must have a heart to feel and a mind to understand.

    For us, the persecuted Untouchables, black people and all underclasses, the refugees, the immigrants and the victims of Holocaust, Partition, Natural and man made hazards, Wars and civil Wars , the rainbows have to bleed!

    We, the defenders of Nature and Natural resources, have to be killed and uprooted. this has been the Ultimate agenda of the Ruling Class and Hegemony all the time and Everywhere!

    It happened in Americas while Columbus invented the new world for Colonisation. It was repeated as Vasco De Gama reached India. It was the same story in Africa, Australia and Neuzealand.

    Europe experienced the Bloodshed with the introduction of industrial revolution followed by Hundred Years War, the CRUSED!

    A Tale of Two Cities written by Charles Dickens and Les Miserables by Victor Hugo consists of enough Bloodshed.

    USA also had to cross the rivers of blood in the struggle of Independence! USA had to suffer the tragedies involving civil War. Rise of Barrack Obama is the climax of all those tragedies.

    China and Korea suffered Japanese Aggression!

    Russia faced Napoleon and thus, Leo Tolstoy wrote the classic, War and Peace! USSR was born in bloodshed. USSR was the ultimate demise in Bloodshed.

    Vietnam bore the burn of War as Hiroshima and Nagasaki witnessed first atomic Disaster heralding an Age of Troubled galaxy!

    We witness Iraq, Afghanistan and Pakistan. Palestine and the middle east have never seen any Rainbow without the rain of Blood!

    Thus, the Rainbows are bleeding for us worldwide. We bear the heritage and legacy of Holocaust as the War criminals consist of the Galaxy ruling Class!

    Memories of Another Day continue and continue!

    I have to live with so many families losing dearest and nearest ones in partition. Families had its members stranded in East Pakistan. Sometimes the Old Men and Helpless ladies would come to me and request to write a Post card for them addressed somewhere in East Bengal.

    I learnt this with personal tragedies.

    In 1960, my father Pulin Babu organised an all India Refugee Conference in Dineshpur. Invitees included SM Bannerjee, MP kanpur, Renuka chakrabarti and Samar Mukherjee , MPs from West Bengal and other dignitaries. Some posters printed for the event were stocked on the partition wall in our Uttar Gahr, the North House. I found them later. i don`t remember anything particular about that conference. Nainital based Bengali Refugees demonstrated in Rudrapur in 1956 under the banner of Terai Udvastu committee. Pulin Babu was the general secretary. Radhakanta Roy, a Paundra Kshatriya from Khulna and resettled in Sunderpur Refugee colony in Dineshpur Area had been the President. Haripada Biswas was another prominent leader who hailed from Khulna and was resettled in Laxmipur Colony. Kumud Ranjan Mallick from Panchananpur, Shadanand Shikdar from Khanpur, Prafulla saha from Udainagar, kalipada Mandal from Kalinagar, Haren Roy from Chandan Nagar, Haren Sarkar from Makrand pur, Basudeb Mandal from Pipulia, Phuljhuri Mandal from Chandayan, Sukhlal Mandal from Dinesh Pur, Shishubar Roy from Vijaya Nagar, Meghnad Roy from Shibpur, Birinchi Pada Mandal from Durgapur, Deben Biswas from Amrita Nagar, Prafulla Manjhi from Haridaspur, Harimohan from Anand Khera were the prominent leaders of the Bengali refugees at that time.

    I remember well that all the Bengali MPs and MLAs skipped Dinseh Pur and Shaktifarm with refugee colonies countrywide. Only in seventies, while CPIM launched Marichjhanpi Movement, leaders from West Bengal visited Dandakaranya. Uttaranchal saw the West Bengal based comrades only after the death of my Father. In 2001, Newly Uttaranchal BJP Government led by Nityanand Swami, made domicile certificates compulsory for jobs in the state. Bengalies were denied the domicile certificates. All the Bengali Refugees settled in Terai were branded as Bangladeshi. The Bengalies and the Sikhs settled in Terai in the same time period in early fifties and they were responsible for deforestation and cultivation in Terai. But the Sikhs were never questioned. The Bengalies launched an agitation once again after 1956. this time, they had to defend their citizenship. All communities residing in Terai, the media and all political parties except BJP, stood united rock solid to support this agitation.

    We contacted the West Bengal Government, Political parties, Civil Society and Media. We formed an organisation, SAHMARMI. For the first time, West Bengal supported the Dalit Refugees. Later it turned out to be an exercise to expand the CPIM base in North India with refugee Vote Bank. CPIM launched a false land movement led by Brinda karat in Terai only to divide the Bengalies settled there.MPs and Party leaders including Biman Basu visited our area for the first time while they had already cooperated to pass the Citizenship Amendment Bill, 2003. Cpim fielded no less than forteen candidates in the next assembly elections!

    ND Tiwari was the only leader who always supported the Bengali refugees in Terai. He visited Bengali resettlement in 1954 for the first time. He befriended with all the refugees. he knew all the Old Men and the Youth by name in every colony.

    In 1960, only ND Tiwari ensured the suceess of the first All India Refugee Conference in Dineshpur.

    I was to young to join the conference. But I would never forget the occassion. My father was involved in Refugee Mobilisation. Meanwhile, he visited the riot torn Assam. he returned and organised the conference having sent his younger brother, Chhoto kaka to Assam.

    My two sisters died without any medical help during those hectic days.

    I remember that day. It was a dark, humid day in Terai. We saw no Rainbow in the sky as it did not rain. The sky was unclear and the Himalays were not visible. The Himalays just disappeared from the Horizon.

    We were all alone, isolated like a lonely Island.

    Though our Village people were there. But what help could they offer? They tried their best to locate Pulin Babu and failed.

    Tuni was younger than me. the other girl was an infant and was still unnamed. They both succumbed in the Evening and all the darkness of this Galaxy involved us. I saw my Jetah Moshai, the Eldest uncle weeping. Thamma, Pisisma, Jethima and Kakima were crying. Didi, Meera was also crying. All the women in the neighbourhood were crying.

    But I was not crying. I do not know how I realised in those days of innocense that any amount of crying is not going to help us anyway.

    I just noted and witness the Event of Tragedy.

    I was shocked.

    But I was strong enough to face the Ultimate truth.

    It was my Making. I had to change this scenerio!

    Tragedies and Holocaust never cease. We have to change the system and circumstances causing all these tragedies and Holocausts.

    Believe me, or not, I saw the rainbow bleedin all the time and always I believed that we could Change! It has to be changed!

    This is the ultimate lesson I got with my first solid memory as a child.

    And just read this letter which I wrote in 2007. It is addressed to a friend , Dr PG Biswas, a Professor in GB Pant University Pant Nagar.

    The Terai in Nainital was a home for epidemics and wild life. We changed it.

    We have to change the galaxy someday!

    Biswas Da (PG Biswas, Pantnagar University, Namaskar.
    I was waiting for your call/mail. My mobile 09903717833 as well as land phone had been out of order for few days. May be you have tried. I tried to call you yesterday thrice and failed to contact. I am interested to know the progress of your work. I also wait for the feedback from all the friends and orgs involved in Dalit mobilisation and anti imperialism Black Untouchable Resistance!
    Meanwhile, BAMCEF invited me to address its National conference in Patna. I have to speak on Nationality problem , Refugee problem and citizenship amendment act, Dalit Panchayat and south India and non Hindu periphery. I have to speak on 25th December.I have nothing against the other faction of Bamcef which is holding its conference in New Delhi. I was also proposed to address that conference. Since they do not treat our case, the plight of Dalit Bengali Refugees and Nationality problems, non Hindu periphera as burning issues inescapable and skip it- I decided for not going there. But I believe broader unity of all subaltern, SC, ST, OBC and Minority unity to annihilate this Hindu, Zionist, White Post Modern Manusmriti Corporate Manusmriti Imperialism!

    On the other hand , our family faced a great tragedy as my cousin sister`s MeeraDee`s eldest Son Shekhar who belong to Suraj Farm, expired in a road accident near Bijnore.The body is waited to reach there from New Delhi AAIMS, where a brain surgery was done to save him as last bid. Whole family is there. I had to go.But I can not.Shekhar had been eldest amongst all our children. While my father was leading Dhimri Block Insurrection in 1958 or led refuges countrywide, we, Meeradi and me had been the only children in the joint family. My uncles were liable to see the family. Father was dedicated to the society. Later, after the riots of sixties my late uncle Dr Sudhir Kumar Biswas was also sent to Assam refugee areas to attend their health needs. Meeradi looked after me. As the ladies in the family my aunts and mother used to be always busy to attend infinite needy crisis struck daily guests and home management.
    Shekhar was borne at our place and I clearly visualise the event. he had been such a nice boy always present to help in crisis. Thanks God, My father, mother, Uncles and aunts - no one survive to face the tragedy. My sister is an excellent old lady and her Husband had been a teacher. I am concerned for the poor old couple!
    My wife Sabita had undergone open heart surgery in 1995 and we have got doctors appointments.
    Moreover, it is a rare opportunity to address the BAMCEF Conference as no other political or non political org supports us.
    You know the family legacy and liability. It is really a very tough decision to make. I inherit the legacy of struggle from my father. And perhaps you should know that two of my sisters expired without medical care while he was engaged in mass mobilisation.
    I am just following my father`s example. My wife is weeping all these days. As last week my bosome college life friend Pawan Rakesh also lost his only son dearest gaurab, only 23 yrs old in a road accident in Dehradoon where he studied.
    It is a very tough time.
    but I have to be aware of my surroundings. I have to take care of my enslaved communities unguarded from civil and human rights violations. My family in Naninital and relatives countrywide would consider me heartless as my family considered my father once upon a time in 1960.
    In these circumstances I want your support to convince my friends there that I have not any other option. i will be in Naninital in January, i hope.
    I request everyone belonging to Bahujan communities to attend the BAMCEF Conference in Patna beginning from 25th December. I hope that our friends from Uttaranchal and UP will be there. It is much more important as the conference is being held in Bihar where Dalit Bengali refugees are isolated rest of the community.
    We have to unify all the Islands!
    Palash Biswas
    Kolkata
    15 December,2007

    Nirmal. Nirmal joshi, a friend , a comrade is no more. He died on 24 October,2007. He was sick for long time. My sweet home Nainital is situated perhaps in another galaxy. We have so many E-Groups, mobiles and net, but we did not know the news. I had to attend the birthday party of Golu, the lovely small boy , my friend film director Rajiv Kumar`s son last Sunday. We met in south kolkata in his new flat. Director Joshy Joseph and a bunch of young filmmakers and technitians were present. We discussed nandigram, Singur, Bangladesh, Refugee movement, my father, globalisation and American corporate Imperialism. But we could not discuss on our home Nainital or Uttrakhand. We have no news, no feedback, no phone call from Nainital. No body informed us that Nirmal is not there to participate in any hot debate on our favourite topics as he used to do in seventies during our college days, during emergency and Chipko Andolan, during Nasha nahee Rozgar do. He won`t be there to enact again , `Thank You Mr Glad’.
    On monday only, I recieved a copy of Nainital samachar and got the news. I informed rajiv. We were stunned that a friend born in 1956 went away for ever so silently. Nirmal was never silent. We shared a single quilt in Girda`s room with Girda, Mohan, Prim, Pushpa and Nirmal. We shared single cup of tea during rehearsals of Yugmanch. We shared a bottle of wine in chilly night in Nainital.Everyone had to have a chuski. We discussed the world strolling on Mal road beside the splendid Naini Lake in winter nights amid snowfall. We discussed Marx and Mao, Gandhi and Lohia, Classics written worldwide and the contemporary world. We discussed our dreams. We discussed every moment a better Uttarakhand , a better India and a better world.
    What Uttarakhand we have got! What a world is this!

    During emergency, we were students in degree classes in Nainital. Mohan alias Kapilesh Bhoj and me went to Mathura and Kota during winter vacation to attend writers` secret meetings. We used to have our study circles on Snow Peak or Tiffin Top. Nainital samchar was yet to publish. In DSB college we had Mahendra Singh Pal, the students` Union President, Raja Bahuguna, Sher Singh Naulia, Bhagirath Lal, the most versatile actor Zahoor Alam, Suresh Arya, Kashi Singh Airy and many more who represent Uttarakhand assembly nowadays.Pradip Tamta, now a Congress MLA , was our ideological leader.He was most aggressive. Mohan and me were considered intellectuals in the group as we used to write regularly.At that time we were room partners in Bengal Hotel Nainital as we left the house of Tara Chandra Tripathi, our guide and teacher.

    We knew Girda as a poet and a very good director actor.We had no interaction with Rajiv Lochan sah or Shekhar Pathak at that time. DD Pant was our Vice chacellor who launched Uttarakhand Kranti Dal later and kash emerged the leader.

    Tamta came to our room and introduced Nirmal, an MA student in political science.His father was the head clerk in our DSB college and we had serious doubts about Nirmal`s commitment. Very soon he proved to be more committed. We had secret meetings in Kashipur, Gularbhoj and Dineshpur in Terai. We had regular study circles. We were fighting against emergency. Raja Bahuguna joined us at this point. He shifted to new founded Uttaraghand Sangharsh Vahini with us from Janata Dal. Earlier he had been Nainital district Youth Congress President. He left Congress during May, 1977 elections.

    During Chipko movement and just after Nainital Club Fire, the entire group was together with Almora friends Vipin Tripathi, shamsher Singh Bisht and chandra Sekhar Bhatt, PC Tiwari and many more. Nirmal was most active among us.Nainital Samachar, Nainital, Ramje Inter College Almora, Someshwar, Dwarahat, Tehri, Uttarkashi and the total Uttarakhan along with Terai became our centres of activity. We often were involved in heated discussion. Niramal, Girda, Vipin Chacha and Me were the most vocal. Harish Pant, Zahoor Alam, Shamsher, Rajiv Lochan, Pawan Rakesh, Shekhar Pathak, dr Ajay Rawat and Dr Chandresh Shastri were very logical. We always dominated.

    We decided the layout and content of Nainital Samachar and the editorial team had to surrender. Outsiders like Naveen Joshi from Lucknow were the regular visitors. Pankaj Bisht, Biren Dangwal, kunwar Prasoon, Sundar Lal Bahuguna, Jawaqhar Lal kaul, Anand Swaroop Verma, Himanshu Joshi, Diva Bhatt and others interrupted us sometimes.
    Uma Bahtt was married to Shekhar and she became the most silent and active worker. She played the host role for us the anarchists. We danced together on the occassion of Rajiv`s marriage. We may not forget all those days. Rajiv Kumar came from Pantnagar and became a part of us. We played dramas by Badal Sarkar and the director was BB karanth. We played Trishanku with BM shah.

    During Thank You Mr Glad our team was attacked in Ramje college by RSS goons. Nirmal was thrashed. He played the Patnaik role in the play. He was not an actor as Zahoor and our Yugmanch friends were. But he acted very well. The wife of Patnaik was enacted by Pushpa. Nirmal`s father was not ready to agree their marriage as Nirmal was a Kumauni Brahmin and Pushpa , a Thakur titled Bisht. Bua Pushpa and Nirmal passed those challanges very well. both of them were established lawyers in Nainital Highcourt.
    Me and Savita went to Nainital just after our marraige. We met Nirmal and Pushpa for the last time then in May, 1983.
    Nirmal changed a lot. He was drinking too muich and was availabl only in the Boat club. thus, I could not meet him for years. same was the case with friends in Nainital. We listened that Nirmal is changing once again. he is prepared to play a second innings in the mass movement.

    Person's nexus of statuses, defines only a selection of his rights, duties, and capacities and endangers only one sector of his total social identity....

    The family is a group of persons united by the ties of marriage, blood, or adoption; constituting a single household, interacting and inter-communicating...A Joint family is a group of people who generally live under one roof, who eat food cooked at one hearth, who hold property in common.

    Tribe, caste, sect and class are the various categories of social stratification found in India. A tribe is a collection of families or groups of families.

    330 kms northeast of New Delhi in the Kumaon Himalayas lies the Nainital Lake Valley (29° 22' 60N and 79° 27' 0E) and adjacent hill resorts. The Nainital area (1938m) lies in the central Himalayas and is a vantage point to view the great Nanda Devi massif. The Pangot area (1900m) lies 15 kilometers past Nainital and is on the road to Vinayak past Kilbury.
    The area and its surrounding hills has a record of 200+ Himalayan bird species.

    Mixed forests dominated by thick ban-oak, pine and rhododendron cover most of the area and surrounding hills. A large part of the landscape is characterized by dense vegetation. Numerous perennial creeks and streams crisscross the area.

    The terai & bhabhar belt presents the climate of the plains while the deep valleys with elevation upto 1000 Mts. play host to flora and fauna typical of hills as well as plains. The middle Himalayan ranges to 2000 Mts and the sub alpine region upto 2500 Mts complete the eco-zones.

    Indian farmers in a district in Uttar Pradesh, who had given up traditional rice varieties for high yielding varieties (HYVs) during the Green Revolution, found themselves in difficulty as the HYVs ran into problems. These farmers were saved by the foresight of one farmer who had continued growing traditional varieties which are cheaper to cultivate and superior to the HYVs in disease and pest resistance, climate tolerance, yield, flavour and market price.

    While several farmers had started growing the Pant-4 HYV (and some other HYVs) recommended to them, the very high demands of irrigation as well as chemical fertilisers for this rice HYV were proving a problem for them. This problem was particularly acute in this drought year. As a result of heavy exploitation of water, nearly half of the artesian wells (the most important sources of irrigation in the terai) had dried up. In the remaining wells too the pressure had reduced considerably.

    Even in rivers the water level declined steeply. The water level in the Haripura dam on Bhakhra river and the Bore dam on Bore river has receded so much that the farmers could not seek any solace from these structures.

    A large number of eucalyptus trees planted here in recent years have also contributed to lowering the water-table. Most of these trees have been planted on fields bunds. Villagers say that a row of this tree sucks up to a distance of five metres in the field.

    Earlier the main feature of this area had been its abundance of ground-water. But the destruction of natural forests in the hills above as well as in the plains of the terai reduced this to a large extent. At the same time, exploitation of the ground-water started on a truly massive scale by not only bringing much more land under cultivation but also growing highly water-intensive HYVs, especially the new exotic strains of paddy, on this land. The water-table went down drastically, at some places as low as 50 feet, making it necessary to dig tubewells to satiate the needs of the HYVs and the new cropping pattern.

    Initially, when water abundance had made this a particularly good land for growing rice HYVs, the traditional paddy varieties had been given up by most farmers. However, one far-sighted farmer, Inder Singh continued to grow and preserve several diverse traditional varieties having different properties with respect to disease and pest susceptibility, climate tolerance, yield, flavour, aroma, etc. Among these he noticed one particular variety which had good qualities of flavour as well as high yield.

    As the water level receded and the HYVs ran into some other problems as well, some farmers started yearning for traditional seeds and happily they could get these from Inder Singh. His best variety was named Indarasan - as a tribute to his farsightedness in preserving and improving it. Owing to high productivity and low costs of cultivation (in terms of fertilisers and water), this variety was popular among farmers. The small farmers least capable of coping with the high cost of HYVs especially found Indarasan a very useful variety. In just about six to seven years nearly half of the land was covered by Indarasan, and even some big farmers adopted this variety.

    During the recent drought season, Indarasan coped much better than Pant-4, the most widely grown variety here among the various paddy HYVs. In fact the yield of Indarasan paddy this year has gone up, reaching a peak of 32 quintals per acre from the earlier average of 25 quintals per acre. On the other hand Pant-4 has stagnated at 20 quintals per acre, and where irrigation could not be arranged, this HYV has been destroyed almost entirely.

    What is more, the Indarasan variety is fetching a better price on the market - its rate of Rs.208 per quintal in Gandarpur mandi (market) compares very favourably with the Rs.175 per quintal for Pant-4.

    There is a big rush among farmers to get the Indarasan seed for next year's crop.

    Farmers who have been cultivating Indarasan for some time are satisfied that it has not been susceptible to diseases and they compare this to the high susceptibility of the so-called HYVs.

    The Indarasan variety also has good flavour and scent, and its threshing is much easier. In comparison the threshing of Pant-4 requires much more effort. In addition the proportion of unbroken grains is higher in Indarasan.

    In terms of flavour Indarasan is vying with popular types of rice like Basmati and Hansraj for a place of honour. It also yields more dry fodder for cattle compared to the dwarf HYVs, and even in quality Indarasan's fodder has been found relatively better (generally paddy fodder is considered a poor quality fodder, to be used only in case of extreme need).

    Unfortunately some scientists who identify their own work only with the popularisation of exotic HYVs are feeling uneasy about this re-discovery of farmers, instead of learning from the field-situation and re-orienting their research effort accordingly.

    This better performance of a traditional variety grown at a lower cost, particularly in a drought year, is especially significant since it took place in the Nainital terai region, considered a birth-place of the Green Revolution in India.

    Nainital is referred to in the ‘Manas Khand’ of the ‘Skanda Purana’ as the Tri-Rishi-Sarovar, the lake of the three sages, Atri, Pulastya and Pulaha who were reputed to have arrived here on penitential pilgrimage and finding no water to quench their thirst dug a hole and siphoned water into it from Mansarovar the sacred lake in Tibet.

    The second important mythological reference to Nainital is as one of 64 ‘Shakti Peeths’. These centres were created wherever parts of charred body of Sati fell, when Lord Shiva was carrying around her corpse in grief. It is said that the left eye (Nain) of Sati fell here and this gave rise to patron deity of town Nainital. It is said that the lake is formed in the emerald eye shape. Naina Devi temple is located at the northern end of the lake. Thus name of Nainital derivated from Naina and the tal (Lake).

    Before creation of independent District Nainital on October 13, 1891, it was part of Kumaon Sessions Division vide Notification No.1314/VI-48-1914 dated 26th March, 1914 Mr.Wyndham, I.C.S. was appointed as first Commissioner of Kumaon Division, who also worked as Sessions Judge for this Division. At that time, Almora, Garhwal, Nainital and Pilibhit were placed under this Sessions Division. Later on, Pilibhit was removed from Kumaon Sessions Division.

    Under the treaty of Sigauli in 1816, Nepal formally ceded the territory of Uttarakhand, and certain other areas to the East India Company. A province of Kumaon was formed consisting of the erstwhile districts of Almora, Garhwal and Nainital. Garhwal was separated from Kumaon under the Act X of 1838 and Terai Districts were created. Thus, the province of Kumaon included the districts of Kumaon, Garhwal and Terai came in existence. But, on 13th October, 1891, Nainital district was formed by combining the Tarai and Bhabar area with certain hill patties which were formerly included in what was known as Kumaon District which thereafter came to be known as Almora. The three Districts of Almora, Nainital and Garhwal constituted the Kumaon Division. On the merger of the erstwhile Tehri State in 1949, Tehri District was also added to this Division.

    On the absorption of Kumaon with the rest of British India, the then Governor-General appointed Hon’ble E.Gardner to assume the office and title of Commissioner for the affairs of Kumaon and Agent to the Governor-General on 3rd May, 1815, and Mr. G.W.Traill as his Assistant. But as the former mostly remained busy with his military and political duties in Nepal, the burden of administration fell on his Assistant, Mr.Traill.

    The administrative history of Kumaon Division in the words of Whalley in his "Law of Non-Regulation-Provinces" divides itself into three periods "Kumaon under Traill; Kumaon under Batten and Kumaon under Ramsay". The regime in the first period was essentially paternal, despotic and personal. It resisted the centralizing tendency which the policy of the Government had developed. It, though arbitrary was just wise and progressive administration. Mr.Traill’s administration lasted from 1815 to 1835.

    "Mr. Batten ruled Kumaon during 1836-56, but the early stages of his rule were marked by an influx of codes and rules and a predominance of official supervision which gradually subsided as he gained influence position and experience. Thus, the second period glided insensibly, into the third period which nevertheless has a distinctive character of its own. In Sir Henry Ramsay’s administration we see the two currents blended. The personal sway and unhampered autocracy of the first era, combining with it the orderly procedure and observance of fixed rules and principles, was the chief feature of the second."

    It may be stated that in the earliest times administration of justice, civil or criminal was hardly any problem to the British Government. From 1st of January, 1820 to 31st December, 1821 the total number of criminals confined in Jail amounted to sixty five out of whom 4 had been convicted of murder, 3 for thefts above Rs.50 and the rest for petty thefts, assaults, defamation, forgery, etc. In the words of Traill himself in his Statistical Sketch of Kumaon, "affrays of a serious nature are of rare occurrence and even petty assaults are most infrequent…..Applications to court on the subject of caste are numerous; these are invariably referred to the Pandit of the Court, whose decree delivered to the party concerned is conclusive …. In civil judicature the simple forms of the preceding Government have been generally retained. The petition originating the suit is required to be written on an eight-anna stamp but no institution or other fees are levied. A notice in the form of an ittalanama is then issued when process is served by the plaintiff in three cases out of four produces a compromise between the parties. In case the compromise is not affected it is returned by the plaintiff to the court and the defendant was summoned. The parties then plead their cause in person and in case the facts are disputed on either side, evidence is called for. Oaths are never administered except in particular cases and at the express desire of either party. Suits for division of property or settlement of accounts are commonly referred to arbitrators selected by the parties. In the matter of execution of decrees, the established forms were followed by the leniency of native creditors renders imprisonment and sales in satisfaction of decrees uncommon… At that time only one court (Commissioner’s Court) exists in the province for trial of civil cases."

    Untramelled by any laws, rules and regulations Mr. Traill made his own arrangements for administration of Civil and Criminal justice. He was not only the head of the civil administration but the sole legislator and dispenser of civil justice. He had framed his own rules of procedure for presentation of plaints on an eight-anna stamp irrespective of the valuation of the claim on presentation of which the plaintiff was required to serve notice on the defendant himself. In seventy-five percent of cases the claims were compromised. In other cases the parties were first examined where after their witnesses, if any, were examined, but oath was generally not administered.

    There were no lawyers and no one was permitted to act as an agent of the contending parties and the maximum duration of a suit was twelve days. Incidentally, it may be stated that Mr. Traill also conducted the first ‘Nazarandazi’ survey of Kumaon in Samvat 1880 i.e., 1818 A.D. (Commonly known as "Sal assi") which still continues to form the basic document for determining village boundaries. There was no actual survey, but Mr. Traill rationally allotted and amidst the different villages by reference to natural or prominent features existing on the northern, southern, eastern and western boundaries of each village. Actual survey operations in most of the areas of Kumaon were undertaken for the first time by Mr. Beckett in 1856.

    According to Walton’s Gazetteer for the District of Almora first Munsif was appointed in 1829 and seven Kanungos were invested with the title and powers of Munsif and title of Sadar Amin was conferred on Court Pandit. These officers continued to exercise powers of Civil Judges till 1838. After these offices were abolished, the Act X of 1838 was enforced under which the districts of Kumaon and Garhwal each had one Senior Assistant, one Sadar Amin and one Munsiff under Sadar Dewani Adalat. In civil administration Kumaon Province was placed under the jurisdiction of Sadar Dewani Adalat in 1838 and remained subject to its jurisdiction till 1864. The Assam Rules with certain modifications were adopted for the administration of civil and criminal justice in 1839. These rules were superseded in 1863 by a set of Civil and Revenue Rules known as Jhansi Rules, statutory authority was given to these rules by section 2 of the Non-Regulation District Act (Central Act XXIV of 1864). Under section 4 of the said Act, Civil Procedure Code was also made applicable. Rules for service of processes were based on the lines laid down by Mr. Traill.

    Thereafter, a new set of rules under notification No.628/VII-569-B dated 27th June, 1894 were promulgated under which the Commissioner was constituted as the High Court of Kumaon except in the cases under Succession Act, in respect of which he acted as a District Judge and an appeal would lie to the High Court of Allahabad against his decision. The other revenue officers i.e. Assistant Collectors were invested with the powers to decide civil cases with varying extent of jurisdiction. Under Rule 17 the Government had however been vested with power to make reference to the High Court of Allahabad against the decision of the Commissioner. Thereafter, the Commissioner sitting as the High Court of Kumaon would decide the cases in accordance with the opinion of the High Court.

    The Commissioner of Kumaon, however, continued to exercise the powers of a High Court until the enforcement of Notification No.543/VII-421 dated 1st April, 1926 (Published at page 57 of the Rules and orders relating to Kumaon). A District Judge was appointed to exercise jurisdiction over Pilibhit and the three districts Almora, Garhwal and Nainital constituting the Kumaon Division. Later on Pilibhit was separated from Kumaon judgeship. The Deputy Commissioners of the three districts were invested with the powers of a subordinate judge and Assistant Collectors who were revenue officers were empowered to try civil suits up to a valuation of rupees five thousand.

    The arrangement of investing revenue officers with the powers of Civil Judges and Munsiffs did not work satisfactorily. After 1926 the District Judge of Kumaon became the Appellate Court in respect of civil case decided by them. These revenue officers were not very much conversant with civil laws. Their judgments were subjected to severe criticism at the hands of the District Judge. Consequently they were hesitant to try civil cases which had been thrust upon them by virtue of their office as Assistant Collectors. This led to an appalling state of affairs in the accumulation of arrears in the disposal of civil cases. Sir Iqbal Ahmad the then Chief Justice drew the attention of the Government to this fact. In 1942 the U.P. Government agreed to post one judicial officer at Almora with powers of an Assistant Collector of first class, who by virtue of his office became a Civil Judge with jurisdiction to try civil suits up to a valuation of Rs.5,000/-.

    This experiment proved very successful. Consequently in 1947 the Government appointed a number of young and promising lawyers as Revenue Officers exclusively to try and dispose of civil cases. In 1952 the High Court appointed its own Munsiffs and Civil Judges under Bengal and Assam Civil Courts Act.

    After the merger of the erstwhile Tehri State one more Civil and Sessions Judges were posted to Kumaon under the District and Sessions Judge. On account of administrative convenience his headquarters was fixed at Tehri. The District and Sessions Judge of Kumaon was also a Civil Judge of Kumaon and as such he tried and disposed of original suits of higher valuation. An Additional Civil and Sessions Judge was also appointed to assist him whenever the workload increased.

    As regards administration of criminal justice, criminal jurisdiction was conferred on Kumaon officers in July 1817 under Regulation X of 1817 except in certain serious offences like murder, robbery, treason etc. for the trial of which a Commissioner had to be specifically appointed by the Governor-General in Council. After recording evidence in the case, the Commissioner used to submit his report to the Nizamat Adalat which passed the final sentence. It seldom became necessary to appoint a Commissioner under this provision. This Regulation was subsequently repealed by Act X of 1838, as a result of which criminal courts in Kumaon came directly under the control of Nizamat Adalat. Rules were made under the Act for administration of criminal justice which was later on superseded by the Criminal Procedure Code under which the Commissioner of Kumaon was appointed as the Sessions Judge.

    Shukla RP, Nanda N, Pandey AC, Kohli VK, Joshi H, Subbarao SK.
    Malaria Research Centre (Field Station), Haldwani, India.

    A study on the bionomics of Anopheles fluviatilis sensu lato was carried out in two physiographic regions, viz. Bhabar and Terai of District Nainital, Uttar Pradesh. In both areas, An. fluviatilis was found resting indoors predominantly in cattlesheds. Cytological examination of An. fluviatilis revealed that species T and U were sympatric in Bhabar and Terai villages with predominance of species T. These two sibling species appear to be poor vectors of malaria.

    PMID: 10448226 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

    [edit] Scientific explanation
    The rainbow's appearance is caused by dispersion of sunlight as it goes through raindrops. The light is first refracted as it enters the surface of the raindrop, reflected off the back of the drop, and again refracted as it leaves the drop. The overall effect is that the incoming light is reflected back over a wide range of angles, with the most intense light at an angle of 40°–42°. The angle is independent of the size of the drop, but does depend on its refractive index. Seawater has a higher refractive index than rain water, so the radius of a 'rain'bow in sea spray is smaller than a true rainbow. This is visible to the naked eye by a misalignment of these bows.[2]

    The amount by which light is refracted depends upon its wavelength, and hence its colour. Blue light (shorter wavelength) is refracted at a greater angle than red light, but because the area of the back of the droplet has a focal point inside the droplet, the spectrum crosses itself, and therefore the red light appears higher in the sky, and forms the outer colour of the rainbow. Contrary to popular belief, the light at the back of the raindrop does not undergo total internal reflection and some light does emerge from the back. However, light coming out the back of the raindrop does not create a rainbow between the observer and the sun because spectra emitted from the back of the raindrop do not have a maximum of intensity, as the other visible rainbows do, and thus the colours blend together rather than forming a rainbow.

    Light rays enter a raindrop from one direction (typically a straight line from the Sun), reflect off the back of the raindrop, and fan out as they leave the raindrop. The light leaving the rainbow is spread over a wide angle, with a maximum intensity of 40.6°–42°.

    White light separates into different colours (wavelengths) on entering the raindrop because red light is refracted by a lesser angle than blue light. On leaving the raindrop, the red rays have turned through a smaller angle than the blue rays, producing a rainbow.

    Religion and mythology

    The end of a rainbow.

    Main article: Rainbows in mythology
    The rainbow has a place in legend owing to its beauty and the historical difficulty in explaining the phenomenon.

    In Greek mythology, the rainbow was considered to be a path made by a messenger (Iris) between Earth and Heaven. In Chinese mythology, the rainbow was a slit in the sky sealed by Goddess Nüwa using stones of five different colours. In Hindu mythology, the rainbow is called Indradhanush, meaning the bow of Indra, the God of lightning and thunder. In Norse Mythology, a rainbow called the Bifröst Bridge connects the realms of Ásgard and Midgard, homes of the gods and humans, respectively. The Irish leprechaun's secret hiding place for his pot of gold is usually said to be at the end of the rainbow. This place is impossible to reach, because the rainbow is an optical effect which depends on the location of the viewer. When walking towards the end of a rainbow, it will move further away.

    After Noah's Deluge, the Bible relates that the rainbow gained meaning as the sign of God's promise that terrestrial life would never again be destroyed by flood (Genesis 9.13-15[14]):

    I have set my bow in the clouds, and it shall be a sign of the covenant between me and the earth. When I bring clouds over the earth and the bow is seen in the clouds, I will remember my covenant that is between me and you and every living creature of all flesh; and the waters shall never again become a flood to destroy all flesh.

    Another ancient portrayal of the rainbow is given in the Epic of Gilgamesh: the rainbow is the "jewelled necklace of the Great Mother Ishtar" that she lifts into the sky as a promise that she "will never forget these days of the great flood" that destroyed her children. (The Epic of Gilgamesh, Tablet Eleven)

    Then Ishtar arrived. She lifted up the necklace of great jewels that her father, Anu, had created to please her and said, "Heavenly gods, as surely as this jewelled necklace hangs upon my neck, I will never forget these days of the great flood. Let all of the gods except Enlil come to the offering. Enlil may not come, for without reason he brought forth the flood that destroyed my people."

  • Brishti Snan: Monsoon and Rain Bathing

  • The Betrayals

    The Betrayals

    Troubled Galaxy Destroyed dreams: Chapter Eight

    Palash Biswas

    http://www.troubledgalaxydetroyeddreams.blogspot.com/

    Ideology sounds always good. It was good enough in Soviet Union and in the entire communist world. What happened , it is history.

    My father died in 2001. I still have faith in communist ideology,but I see the picture of ideological betrayal very clear.

    Sumit Sarkar and Tanika Sarkar always supported CPI-M and they are out to lodge their protest on indiscriminate land gabbing. Mahashweta Devi, Arundhati Roy, Aparna Sen, Meeratul Naher, Ratan Basu Majumdar and the entire Bengal intelligentsia is known for its left ideology. Even Medha Patekar launched so many movements with left countrywide. Now everyone is against left. Against CPIM.

    Why?

    So, everyone turns to be Naxalite!

    Mohan Ram in his book `Indian Communism: Split within Split and in his write ups on Telengana Peasant`s Uprising has exposed communist Betrayals. Our dear friend VT Rajashekhar has exposed the Brahminical leadership of Indian communist parties time and again. Swami Ramtirth has written,` Memories of Hyderabad Freedom struggle’. Sinha V.B wrote,`The Red rebel in India’.

    In West Bengal, the Brahmincal Intelligentsia as well as the media criticises the Capitalist ways of Marxism and supports Nandigram and Singur insurrections. They also have high voltage sympathy with the Thundering Spring, the Naxalbari Uprising. But no one exposes the Marxist Regimented Hegemony, the Gestapo and its betrayals.

    Dhimri Block Peasant Uprising was a result of mobilisation by Communist party of India. PC Joshi was the General Secretary then. Joshi is credited with so many peasants` movement. He should be credited for the Marxist betrayals,too. Joshi`s CPI sided with Pdt. Jawahar Lal Nehru against the freedom struggle of Telengan red rebels. CPI then considered Nehru a Communist as he followed the Soviet model of socialist development. Later, his worthy daughter Mrs Indira Gandhi followed suit. She coined all socialist slogans like Gareebee Hatao. Once again, the mother Marxist Party in India, the CPI tagged itself with Indira. It supported Emergency.

    Sikh and Bengali refugees were engaged in deforestation in the best interest of the Big farmers in Terai. The Communist party of India led by Joshi launched a peasants`s movement in Nainital Terai. The result us an Uprising instantly. The party betrayed once again! The Communists as well as the Marxists in Uttarakhand are best known for their rock solid defence for the Man Eaters Big Farmers in Terai.

    Sir Mahar Singh, governor Of Mumbai bought Jail farm near Sitarganj during Kham settlement. Raja Jwala Prasad had properties from Pilibhit to Bijnore. Raja Badri Prasad got Shktifarm. Nawab of Rampur had substantial jungle areas adjoining Bilash Pur and Gadarpur. Dhanpur, Aadesh Nagar, Vijai Pur, Daulatganj and a Dozen villages around Gadar Pur were under Nawab`s Riasat. The dozens Buksha villages adjoining Gadarpur were wiped out by Plague in 1922. These villages were also located in Rampur Riasat.

    In fact, entire Terai was a happy Hunting Ground for dacoits, hunters like Corbett fame, Rajas, Maharajas and Nawabs along with Industrialists.

    All of them got large land properties under Kham System at the rate of only Rs six or Rs Seven per Acre.

    The Kham Superintendent could allot any amount of land to anyone anywhere, even without proper paper, even on a Match box.

    Before arrival of the Bengali and Sikh refugees all the prime land was distributed.

    The refugees were used for deforestation only.

    The British introduced Kashipur Lalkuan metre gauge Railway line for the Timber only. It was not enough for deforestation.

    Gobind Ballabh Pant as the Chief Minister of UP and later, as the Home Minister in GOI failed to convince the Hill People to come down in Terai.

    There was no way to clear the forest area for the high profile big farmers. Thus, Refugees were chosen.

    Two dozen Ministers including Rammuti, Debi Dutt, Nihal Singh Takshak of Patiyala, Ranbir singh from Haryana, Hembati Nandan Bahuguna,ND Tiwari, Rajmangal Pandey, Satyendra Guria, Chandra Bhanu Gupta had farm land in Terai.All Punjab Prominent leaders including Prakash Singh Badal, Surjeet Singh Barnala and comrade Harkishan Singh Surjeet are famous for their Terai links.

    The Land Mafia in Terai is Omni Power!

    Eighty Two MLAs and MLCs got the land. One of the Farm owned by such public servent, SCOTT Farm near kashipur had Seventy Two thousnad Bighas.

    Twenty one Industrial houses including Birla and Sexeria had land in Terai. Now the SIDCUL in Rudrapur Pantangar area has accomodated all MNCs including Tatas and Reliance.

    Sixteen IAS officers including Chief secretary of UP, BP Lal got enormous land property in Terai. commissioner Mehr Singh and Ramswaroop Singh also got land.

    Nine Sugar Mills and other industries managed land without any trouble.

    Thirteen Cine stars including Dharmendra and Shashikala had ample share.Political leaders also caved in.

    One Hundred and forty four Military officers established farms in Terai.

    Since the Partition of India, all political parties with colorful ideologies defended the interest of these farmers.

    Dhimri Block, Bindu Khatta and kotkharra were instance of Peasant Uprising and cruel repression unrecorded. While Pant Nagar University witness massacres of workers in 1978, 13 th April.

    The underclass refugees, Bengali Namoshudras and Paundra Kshatriyas and Punjabi Raisikhs were thrown in the Jungles of Terai until then known for the legend of Sultana Daku, Man Eaters of Gim Corbett and epidemics like Plague, Cholera and Malaria.

    The new colonies were crowded with unrehabiliated Bengali and Sikh refugee. The Hill people also came down to plains to earn livelihood. Labour class from eastern UP and local Muslims joined them with tribals evicted for colonisation, the Tharus and Bukshas.

    Kisan Sabha united all these forces. The Communist delegation met then UP land and revenue minister chowdhari Charan Singh to rehabiliate all these landless indigenous underclasses in Dhimri Block in between Lalkuan and Gularbhoj Rly stations. Chowdhari rejected.

    But Kisansabha occupied the land.

    Comrade Harish Dhondiayal of Nanital, Comrade Pulin Kumar Biswas and Baba Ganesha Singh of Dineshpur, Chowdhari Nepal Singh from Gadarpur, Comrade Satypraksh from Sitarganj, Comrade Banarasi Das from Kichha and Liladhar Pathak from Hills led the movement.

    Forty seven villages were established with forty families each.

    Ten Acre land was distributed per family.

    Third jat regiment and all the police forces of Terai districts Bareilly,Rampur, Moradabad, Bijnore and Nainital united to crush the Insurrection on the line of Telengana.Large scale arson, lathicharge and firing was the omnious result.

    Dhimri Block was evacuated with brutal force of State Power.

    All the leaders, workers and common peasants and landless people were put behind the bar.

    At the time of Police action, Pulin Babu was leading a resisting Mob. He was arrested on the spot. Revenue Officer JB Singh broke his hand in Rudrapur Police station before the eyes of an eminent PSP leader Ramdutt Joshi who defeated ND Tiwari in Kashipur Assembelly seat in 1967 General Elections. The gentleman known for his honesty refused to be a witness in the court. His son kailash Joshi befriended with me in my college days. I met Ram Dutt Joshi. So many times. He never spoke on Dhimri Block.later, the young son of JB Singh committed suicide. He was repenting.But his confessions never recorded!

    Other socialist leaders Jagannath Mishra and his brother Chandrashekhar Mishra also remained silent.

    ND Tiwari won the Assembelly seat in Haldwani defeating Prominent Congress leader and freedom fighter Shyam Lal Verma in 1952. But, later, Tiwari joined Congress and became UP Chief minister three times. He also headed a Congress government in newly created Uttarakhand. Tiwari also held important portfolios in Government of India. As the Communist Party of India betrayed the Dhimri Block Insurrection on the line of Telengana, Communist leaders, specially Kishan sabha leaders in Uttarakhand were disillusioned. Tiwari roped all of them under his Umbrella. But he never spoke a word on Dhimri block. Neither Comrade Joshi or any official document of communist movement revealed any fact.

    I knew my father very well and he used to tell me everything. I knew Comrade Harish Dhondiyal who had been my local guardian during my GIC days in Naninital. Dhimri Block repression as well as communist betrayal made this energitic advocate depoliticalised. His wife was the Inspectress of schools in sixties. The lady also visited our home. I met also her mother in Nainital.

    I got maximum facts and infrmations from Chowdhatri Nepal Singh. His son Jeet was reading in my school in Dineshpur. He was a dare devil boy who died very early. I can visualise the image of Jeet on Horseback even today.I visited their village. But the Chowdhari maintained our relationship lifelong. In eighties, possibly in 1988, Chowdhari Nepal Singh had been the vice president of People`s Front , UP. After his death, I tried to get documents on Dhimri Block. It was too late.

    Baba Ganesha Singh died in jail. He belonged to Arjunpur, the village situated next my village Basanti Pur. Bengali and sikh areas were divided by a small rivulet, which dried up later after they built a big dam Haripura in between Goolarbhoj and dhimri Block. Baba`s fields were opposite our fields. I witnessed his cremation. His family destroyed all his documents whatsoever frightened by day to day police raids.

    Comrade Satya Prakash was the only man who did not face any repression or persecution. His all comrades faced trials for nearly ten years from district court, session court to High Court until the state Government withdrew all cases in late sixties. Satya Prakash joined CPIM. His son was an advocate and I was aquainted with him during my small tenure as an editorial help in Laghu Bharat Weekly edited by Keval Krishna Dhal from Sitarganj. He never knew anything significant on Dhimri Block.

    Thus, Dhimri Block Uprising was wiped out. So, wiped out was Communist Movement in Uttar Pradesh. Though the Betrayal was not documented as yet but the peasants knew well the betrayers!

    Now, coincidentally I live in a Left ruled State, West Bengal!

    How they despise the Indigenous aboriginal communities in an age while Barrack Obama of African origin has emerged as the most possible next US President with his democratic nomination. For full six decades, Brahmins, caste Hindus and Ramakrishna Mission Schools dominated the High School and
    Higher Secondary Board exams. For the first time, all three top positions are held by SC students. Ronita Jana got 798 out of 800. She is the first girl in 13 years to top the exams. Udhwalak Mandal and Nilanjan Das stood second getting 797 marks. The standard of board Exams is being scrutinised which was never done until the SC students came to limelight undermining the myth of Caste Hindu Barhminical Merit! In kolkata medical college itself, untouchability is practiced. Twenty one outcaste students have lodged written complaint to the Dean!

    In west Bengal, nowadays, ST resistance is termed Maoism. Muslim protest is branded as terrorists linked with ISI. SC persons are detected as Bangladeshi. Tousands are put behind jail without any trial.

    Only recently, a Raghunath Mandal, obviously a SC landed on Diamond Harbour Rly station with his wife and children. GRP branded Raghu as a Bangladeshi Muslim. He was produced in the court. The court fined him Rs One Thousand. Raghu could not pay and thus, was sentenced for two month`s imprisonment with branded false identity. His wife and children begged on the RLY station as they did not know any relative and neither could return Guahati where from they reached Diamond Harbour.After thirteen painful days, the local BDO, a SC officer Prabhash Mandal got the information and he managed a temporary shelter for the suffering family in a Home.

    No one speaks against these Human Right violations!

    The refugees are treated as beasts in Bengal.

    Icons get mileage supporting Nandigram or Singur, but they have been always silent on Marichjhanpi.

    They oppose Reservation and deny every opportunity for the enslaved SC, ST, OBC and Muslim indigenous communities.

    Another fact remains, only,yes only Dandakarany resettled Refugees from Malkan GiRi of Orissa, Andhra and Maharashtra with refugees stranded in Five Major camps of United MP landed in Marichjhanpi. Resettled refugees lived in those colonies since fifties while the refugees form all those five camps crossed the border during and before Riots of 1964 in East Bengal. They were not Bangladeshi Nationals, as the Ruling Hegemony with its pet Media and Intelligentsia have been claiming all these years.Branding the refuges as Bangladeshi Nationals or escaped masses from refugee camps justify the Eviction drive and translate the Genocide as a political blunder only. This is systematic subversion freinds!

    What is the story of Rehabilitation?

    Nehru and BC Roy, the Chief Minister imported form USA and appointed by Lady Mountbatten herself, refused to rehabilitate the East Bengal Refugees as they were not considered Partition Victims like the refugees from West Pakistan.

    BC Roy was appointed as the first Governor of UP along with first Governor General in the Dominion of Independent India, C. Rajgopalachary. Buckingham Palace issued both the appointment letters. But the most powerful Lady was successful to insert Sarojini Naidu in Lucknow Rajbhavan. She managed to get rid of East Bengal origin Prafulla Ghosh, the first chief minister of West Bengal.

    With New Delhi help, BC Roy overcame the Arambagh Lobby led by Ajay Mukherjee and Prafulla Chandra Sen.

    Nehru and Roy decided to push back the refugees back into East Pakistan. No passport or Visa was introduced until 1952 and the border was open with an open call to cross it for any persecuted Hindu.

    Nehru was playing the Hindu card as he ensured sixty percent Loksabha Tickets for only Brahmins in the first General Elections in India. In fact, Nehru worthily associated by West Bengal Brahmin leaders who were instrumenatl to divide India, ensured the second third class status for the Dalit East Bengal refugees who got elected Dr Babasheb Bheemrao Ambedkar for the Constitution Assembly, nearly nullifying the aftereffects of mischievous PUNE Pact. These refugees were ejected out of their Hindu dalit Dominated areas like Jassore, Rajsahi,Commilla, Pabna,Dhaka, Noakhali, Faridpur, Barishal, Chittagang, Khulna and Barishal implementing a well planned conspiracy with Redcliff who never did any demographic survey.

    West Bengal Brahmins were well aware of the risks involving changing demography and did their best to oust all Namoshudra and Paundra dalit refugees out of Bengal. Refugees were branded as escapist of Bengal Famine, not Partition Victims.

    West Pakistan refugees were made Indian citizens as soon as they crossed the border.

    The rehabiliatation for Punjabi refugees were on War level.

    But, in Bengal, neither the Centre nor the State recognised the refugees as refugees.

    Government of India refused to sign the United Nations` Caharter for the Refugees. They are still unrecognised despite continuous persecution and refugee influx. The were given DOLE on compassion ground. But refugees refused to return. They were driven out of Refugee camps in West Bengal and were scattered in different parts of India including Dandkaranya and Andaman Nicobar Islands. They were thrown into Jungles like Dandakarnay and Terai of UP. They were rehabiliated on unfertile land in Tribal areas creating an infinite confrontation between Aboriginal Tribals and Indigenous Bengali dalit refugees undermining whatsoever chances of a National Indigenous Resistance Movement led by them in British India!

    All the Dalit Leaders and intellectuals shed tears on Marichjhanpi genocide!

    They oppose Citizenship act.

    They are associated with refugee Movement and different Dalit orgs. But they could not bring the War criminals to justice!

    They could not launch a Political or non Political movement.

    They claim to know everything!

    What they did all these thirty years?

    Just tried their best to get maximum favour of the ruling Hegemony or simply a status in Prliament , assembly or Pachayat or a reserved post, promotion!

    They licked the Bottom of the Ruling Hegemony!

    My foot!

    The partition victim Dalit East Bengal refugees- evicted from homeland to accomodate Caste Hindu Brahminical Hegemony with transfer of Power from apartheid generator British clonial rulers, deprived of human and civil rights, mother tongue and citizenship, targeted nationwide as branded as Bangladeshi foriegn national thanks to Citizenship Amendment Act passed by Indian Ruling Class represented by all kinds of left, centrist and Right ideologies and parties and finally facing nationwide deportation drive thanks to brahmins of Bengal led by Defacto Prime Minister Pranab Mukherjee and Hindutva forces led by Sangh Pariwar and shiv sena -should thank Mr Prabhu Chawla , the editor- in - chief of India Today to publish a special report in India Today Bengali on Marichjhanpi Genocide, coinciding with 30th year of the first dress rehearsal of Genocide culture launched by the Regemented so called Marxist ruling hegemony in West Bengal.

    The politics and economy of world capitalism-its crises, its wars, and its unrelenting destruction of the environment-all have a global character. Never before has this been so plain as today. The revolutionary party that seeks to overturn capitalism must therefore also be organized on a global scale.

    Just as socialism cannot be realized in one country without a world revolution, so no national revolutionary socialist movement can develop completely without being an integral part of a world party of socialist revolution.

    My father Pulin Kumar Biswas never believed communists after Telengana and Dhimri Block betrayal.

    During seventies, while I was engaged in students` movement and later in Uttarakhand Sangharsha Vahini, he would never listen any reference to ideology. Rather he sounded like George Bernard Shaw who said, `"The Apple Cart exposes the unreality of both democracy and royalty as our idealists conceive them." In fact, The Apple Cart is a treatise on the impossibility of any kind of government. Democracy, autocracy, and monarchy are all making the best of a bad situation, and none of them is doing very well. Shaw is no anarchist; he simply wants us to recognize, as King Magnus does, the invisible shackles that trip government and turn it into a farce. Shaw wrote in the `Preface to Apple Cart', Besides, the conflict is not really between royalty and democracy. It is between both and plutocracy, which, having destroyed the royal power by frank force under democratic pretexts, has bought and swallowed democracy. Money talks: money prints: money broadcasts: money reigns; and kings and labor leaders alike have to register its decrees, and even, by a staggering paradox, to finance its enterprises and guarantee its profits. Democracy is no longer bought: it is bilked. Ministers who are Socialists to the backbone are as helpless in the grip of Breakages Limited as its acknowledged henchmen: from the moment when they attain to what is with unintentional irony called power (meaning the drudgery of carrying on for the plutocrats) they no longer dare even to talk of nationalizing any industry, however socially vital, that has a farthing of profit for plutocracy still left in it, or that can be made to yield a farthing for it by subsidies.'

    BC Roy Government sent East Bengal Refugees by force. Bagjola Camp Police firing is well recorded.

    My father Pulin Babu, with his experience as a communist refugee leader in West Bengal and Orissa and Peasant Leader in Dhimri Block peasants Insurrection in Nainital, as a rescuer in Assam and North East understood the betrayal game and somehow, convinced the North India Refugees of UP, Bihar, Assam and Rajsthan that dangers ahead and the communists would betray. As the communists never helped the refugees in these states and they are in better status, they could not be trapped.

    Not a single refugee landed in Marichjhanpi from North India excluding MP.

    In United Uttar Pradesh,where I originally belong as I was born in a refugee colony in Udham Singh Nagar (Nainital), the local population always stood by dalit Bengali Refugees.

    My father late Pulin kumar Biswas worked for the refugees lifelong. He was the President of All India Udvastu ( Refugee) committee. He as a Communist Leader led the Dhimri Block Peasants` Revolt in 1958 in the Terai of Nainital. The insurrection was repressed brutally by joint forces of third Jat Regiment, Police and PAC. CH. Charan Singh was the Home Minister in UP then. Communist Party of India with General secretary Comrade PC Joshi disowned the movement as they betrayed Telengana. In UP, no one could a single instance of confrontation between Bengali refugees and other communities.

    In Terai of Nainital, Pilbhit, Bareilly and Rampur a few corore partition victims Sikh and Punjabies as well as Bengalies live side by side with a bond of unbreakable fraternity and cooperation for six decades.

    My father was elected unopposed the Vice President Of Terai Cooperative Committee in mid sixties with local SDM as President by virtue of his post.

    I want to emphasise that at that point, Sikhs and Punjabies were more powerful, more dominant and majority in number. Bengali Dalit refugees were minority plus economically very weak.

    But the chemistry of Unity is working since the first day.

    The spirit of peasant movement works even after the deaths of all the leaders including my father and his comrades. We always enjoyed excellent relations with Hills. ND Tiwari and KC Pant became National Leaders with our help only.

    I was just born and I have simply no memory of Dhimri Block uprising in Himalayan Terai.

    But I had enough opportunity to witness the trail and victimisation.

    In late sixties the communists in Terai played the role of land brokers in the same way as Buddha is doing it in West Bengal on full scale. In our Bengali Refugee areas the communist villages were Netaji Nagar, Vijay Nagar, Pipulia, Chandipur, etc. Most of the communist peasants in these villages lost their land and Communist leaders had their handin every single land transfer.

    When Bengali refugees settled in MP, Maharashtra, Andhra and Orissa were planning to launch Marichjhapi agitation, my father Pulin Kumar Biswas went to Mana Camp and tried to convince the refugees that it will be a folly to depend on the communist leaders in West Bengal.

    Jyoti Basu had visited Bhilai and Ram Chatterjee went to Mana to mobilise the agitation.Kiranmoy Nanda and Radhika basu, other two prominent ministers in Jyoti Basu ministry with other Marxist leaders visited Dandakaranya refugee colonies and addressed scores of meeting to mobilise the Marichjhanpi campaign.

    Since my father has a very good relations with ND Tiwari and KC pant, the refugee leaders did not believe him . He was the president of all India Bengali Refugee committee. He was mishandled and was saved by police. My father came back to Nainital and no refugee joined this Matrichjhapi movement under his influence ie UP, Bihar and Assam.

    What happened is Marichjhapi genocide by the Jyoti Basu government.

    I also protested the movement purely on ecological ground as I believed that the Mangrove forest Sundar Van must be protected and Marichjhapi won`t solve the refugee problem.

    My father was very sad that no refugee movement could be mobilised in Bengal and he held left responsible for this.

    Kolkata Intelligentsia deliberately defends CPIM as they brand the Dandakaranya Refugees landed in Marichjhanpi as trespasser Bangladeshi Nationals in a protected Forest Zone, Tiger Project.

    It is quite amusing that the Government of India and different state Governments in UP, MP, Bihar, Maharashtra, Orissa, Andhra, Rajsthan and the Administration in Andaman and Nicobar Islands dumped the refugees in Dense forest everywhere. Refugees were used in large scale deforestation in the best interest of the the ruling Class every where from Andaman Nicobar to Nainital Terai, from Malkan Giri in Orissa to Garchiroli in Maharashtra. And now they try to justify the Ethnic Cleansing with the logic of environment and Green!

    Mind you, Marichjhanpi never have been under protected Forest or Tiger project. Suman Mukhopaddhay of Teesta parer Britanto(play) and Herbert (film,written by Nabarun bhattacharya) fame, refuses to consider Marichjhanpi a case of Ethnic Cleansing.

    I have seen his elitist subversion of the protagonist Bgaharu of the Debesh Roy Novel.

    Bengali Caste Hindu media and Intelligentsia call Nandigram killings a Genocide as caste Hindu Politics of Power Dominance as well as Resistance involved.Though, the victims happen to be either ST SC or OBC and Muslims!

    But Marichjahanpi was, all in all, a case of Political Betrayal by the communists who got them ousted of Dandyakarany Refugee colonies and Camps to constitute a favourable Vote bank to capture power.

    Communist Movement in Bengal got momentum with Refugee vote Bank.

    Thus, the Communists never spoke against continuous persecution of Minorities in East Bengal nor did try to stop the Refugee Influx at any point of time.

    Not only this, Communist leaders including Jyoti Basu, have been claiming to fight for Rehabilitation of refugees. They protested Bidhan Roy`s initiative to send Bengali refugees out of Bengal.

    Samar Mukherjee and Jyoti Basu had been writing to the Centre and State governments to rehbiliatate the East Bengal refugees in Sundarvanas from the very beginning! They never mentioned Forest area or Tiger Project at that time!

    More over,Jyoti Basu, Ram Chatterjee and Kiranmoy Nanda with other prominent leaders visietd country wide with an appeal, West Benagl with a five corore population with ten coroer hands would welcome the dalit Bengali refugees and they will be rehabiliated in sundarvanas of West Bengal.

    As Basu took over in 1977, Ram Chatterjee and Nanda with other leaders visited Mana Camp and Malakan Giri to call the refugees to settle in Sundarvan. They went there with messages from the Chief Minister! Earlier Basu himself addressed refugee leaders including Satish Mandal in Bhilai.

    The partition victim Dalit East Bengal refugees- evicted from homeland to accomodate Caste Hindu Brahminical Hegemony with transfer of Power from apartheid generator British colonial rulers, deprived of human and civil rights, mother tongue and citizenship, targeted nationwide as branded as Bangladeshi foriegn national thanks to Citizenship Amendment Act passed by Indian Ruling Class represented by all kinds of left, centrist and Right ideologies and parties and finally, facing nationwide deportation drive thanks to brahmins of Bengal led by Defacto Prime Minister Pranab Mukherjee and Hindutva forces led by Sangh Pariwar and shiv sena -should thank Mr Prabhu Chawla , the editor- in - chief of India Today to publish a special report in India Today Bengali on Marichjhanpi Genocide, coinciding with 30th year of the first dress rehearsal of Genocide culture launched by the Regimented so called Marxist ruling hegemony in West Bengal.

    Rudrangshu Mukherjee wrote in his article, `THE RED BLUNDERS- The communists have consistently betrayed national interests’ published in The Telegraph, Kolkata on Tuesday, August 21, 2007:

    ` The history of Indian communism is the story of a series of historic blunders. The red flag has never fluttered because those who hold it aloft know only how to blunder. What is pathetic is that even the blunders of the communists are not their own!’

    `Given its track record, the Left’s attempt to see itself as a protector of India’s national sovereignty and autonomy is a disgrace. Communists in India have acted, at critical periods, at the behest of the Soviet Union or China. In so doing, communists have sacrificed India’s national interests. They are about to do the same now.’

    The years 1936 and 2008 have in common the hosting of the Olympic Games by totalitarian regimes: Nazi Germany and Communist China.

    Nazi Germany was a one-party regime, as is China today. Both the Nazi and Chinese Communist parties struggled to gain power and the Nazis endeavored, just as the Chinese regime is endeavoring today, to establish a good reputation by hosting the Olympic Games.

    Nazi Germany invented the tradition of having a torch relay, which served to connect and bind as many countries as possible to the event in Berlin. It was a propaganda campaign, one that continues to have an impact.

    China has taken the torch relay to the extreme by planning the longest torch relay ever in history, including going high up atop Mount Everest. At every step the Beijing torch is protected by "torch guards," whose presence is already a break with the Olympic spirit.

    These totalitarian Olympics may put a parenthesis around the torch relay: After the protest-plagued 2008 Olympic torch relay, the IOC is considering ending the tradition that started in Berlin.

    Before holding the Olympic Games Nazi Germany had started to persecute the Jewish community, although it did not begin the "final solution" until several years later. The Nazis didn't even dare to officially exclude Jews from participating in the Games (although Jews were prohibited from representing Germany in the Games).

    The Chinese regime has not only started to persecute a group of people for their religious beliefs, but is even very frank about its policy of persecution. At the end of 2007 a spokesperson for the Beijing Olympic Committee stated that practitioners of the Falun Gong are excluded from all Olympic activities.

    All human rights organizations and governments know that Falun Gong is one of the main victims of state-sanctioned persecution in China. Several thousand adherents have been tortured to death because of their beliefs.

    According to Rudrangshu Mukherjee ,`Indian communists have always had a very uncomfortable relationship with nationalism. Some of the major debates and divisions within the Communist Party of India have revolved around the question of nationalism and the national movement. And, if the truth be told, these debates do not exactly hold up the comrades in an edifying light. On the scorecard of nationalism, the performance of Indian communists is poor to say the least. (On internationalism, their score is irrelevant, since a world communist revolution is not even a pipe dream after the collapse of socialism and the exposure of the many crimes of the socialist regimes in Soviet Russia, in Eastern Europe, in China, in Albania, under Pol Pot in Cambodia and so on.)

    To begin with the most notorious example that communists have never been able to live down: 1942. The CPI was officially against the Quit India movement. What needs to be emphasized here is that this decision of the CPI was not based on any understanding of the Indian situation by Indian communists. The opposition to the clarion call of 1942 was the outcome of a diktat emanating from Moscow. When Hitler attacked his erstwhile ally, the Soviet Union, in 1941, the fight against Nazism overnight became a People’s War for all communists. The directive from Moscow was carried by Achhar Singh Chinna, alias Larkin, who travelled from the Soviet Union to India with the full knowledge of the British authorities. In India, it meant communists had to isolate themselves from the mainstream of national life and politics and see British rule as a friendly force since the communists’ “fatherland”, Soviet Russia, was an ally of Britain. A critical decision affecting the strategic and the tactical line of the party was thus taken defying national interests at the behest of a foreign power, whose orders determined the positions and actions of the CPI.

    In 1948, within a few months of India becoming independent, the CPI under the leadership of B.T. Randive launched the line that this freedom was fake (yeh azadi jhooti hai), and argued that the situation in India was ripe for an armed revolution. The Randive line led to the expulsion of P.C. Joshi, who believed that freedom from British rule was a substantial achievement and that, tactically, the communist movement would gain by supporting leaders like Jawaharlal Nehru who, Joshi said, represented a “progressive” trend within the Congress. Apart from the inner-party struggle, what needs to be noted here is that the Randive line, which completely misread the national mood, was the direct outgrowth of a policy formulated by the Comintern (or the Cominform, as it had renamed itself), in other words, Moscow. The directive of Moscow to the Indian communists was that Congress should be opposed since it was no more than a satellite of imperialism. The retreat from this line was also sounded from Moscow in the form of an editorial entitled, “For a Lasting Peace”, in the mouthpiece of the Cominform.

    The defeat of Joshi in the inner- party struggle camouflaged an important and lasting tension within the CPI. This concerned the party’s ideological and tactical position regarding the Congress. Joshi represented a trend within the party that believed in closer ties with the Congress, especially Nehru. It argued that, given the incipient nature of the proletarian movement in India in the Forties and Fifties, it was necessary to seek an alliance with the Congress since it was the party that was closest to the masses and it had leaders who were favourably inclined to socialism and its global future. It was Joshi’s firm belief that the democratic revolution in India could be completed only through an alliance between the national bourgeoisie represented within the Congress and the CPI. While the opposite trend saw the Congress as a bourgeois party and therefore hostile to the interests of the working class and the communist movement. The Congress could not be trusted, a suspicion that was strengthened when the first communist government in Kerala led by E.M.S. Namboodiripad was dismissed by Nehru in the summer of 1959.

    Three years later, in 1962, when the Sino-Indian border conflict occurred, a section of communists, among whom Namboodiripad was prominent, chose to uphold the cause of China and portrayed India as the aggressor. This was yet another occasion when the communist movement found itself isolated from the national mainstream. It led eventually to a split in the CPI with the pro-Chinese faction leaving the parent party to form the Communist Party of India (Marxist). A rump remained as the CPI — a party totally subservient to the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, and some would say even fully funded by it.

    To these dates — 1942, 1948, and 1962 — when the communists chose not to serve Indian interests but to act at the behest of either Moscow or Peking (as it was then) can now be added another date: 2007. The communists are poised at the moment to withdraw support from the government led by Manmohan Singh unless the latter agrees to renegotiate the Indo-US nuclear treaty. The opposition of the communists is based not on substantial objections to the terms of the treaty, but to the fact that it brings India closer to the US. Prakash Karat, the general secretary of the CPI(M), made this clear in an article in People’s Democracy. He wrote, “The Left parties have been watching with disquiet the way the UPA government has gone about forging close strategic and military ties with the United States….The Left is clear that going ahead with the agreement will bind India to the United States in a manner that will seriously impair an independent foreign policy and our strategic autonomy.”’

    The First International, founded in London in 1864, declared in the preamble to its Rules and Administrative Regulations, adopted in 1866:

    "Considering ... that the emancipation of the working classes must be conquered by the working classes themselves; that the struggle for the emancipation of the working classes means not a struggle for class privileges and monopolies, but for equal rights and duties; and the abolition of all class rule:

    "That the economical subjection of the man of labor to the monopolizer of the means of labor, that is the sources of life, lies at the bottom of servitude in all its forms, of all social misery, mental degradation, and political dependence;

    "That the economical emancipation of the working classes is therefore the great end to which every political movement ought to be subordinate as a means;

    "That all efforts aiming at that great end have hitherto failed from want of solidarity between the manifold divisions of labor in each country, and from the absence of a fraternal bond of union between the working classes of different countries;

    "That the emancipation of labor is neither a local, nor a national, but a social problem, embracing all countries in which modern society exists, and depending for its solution on the concurrence, practical and theoretical, of the most advanced countries;

    "That the present revival of the working classes in the most industrious [industrialized] countries of Europe, while it raises a new hope, gives solemn warning against a relapse into the old errors, and calls for the immediate combination of the still disconnected movements."

    The First International was unable to attain the historic objective it had set out to achieve. Marx and Engels and their collaborators could not save the organization from disintegration due to the defeat of the Paris Commune in 1871 and centrifugal tendencies set up by anarchist groupings within its ranks.

    Nevertheless, the First International set an imperishable example in the task of uniting the working class on a worldwide scale in the struggle for a socialist society.

    The banner and program of the First International were taken up by the Second International, founded in Paris in 1889 under the solemn pledge to carry on the work begun in 1864. In the following decades the Second International gave a socialist political education to great masses of workers, particularly in Europe, and established powerful parties in a number of countries.

    But capitalism was still rising; and, with the opening of its imperialist stage, was able to broaden and intensify its exploitive system sufficiently to grant substantial reforms to the toiling masses in the industrially advanced countries.

    Thus, primarily in the imperialist countries, a whole social layer appeared, the "labor aristocracy;" a stratum of workers imbued with illusions about reforming capitalism and winning socialism gradually by means of the ballot. Theoretical expression for these illusions was provided by revising Marxism.

    The conservatism of the "labor aristocracy," expressed by the right wing rooted in the bureaucracy of the organization, led to the degeneration of the Second International as a revolutionary formation. Upon the outbreak of the First World War in 1914, the Second International proved to be a mere federation that broke up under the impact of the crisis.

    The majority of the leaders of the national parties, composing the federation, betrayed the internationalist socialist program and their own solemn, oft-repeated pledges to oppose the war. Following World War I, they provided the decisive political support needed by their own capitalist classes to block the revolutionary upsurge of the working class throughout Europe in opposition to the costs of the war and inspired by the victory of the Russian Revolution in 1917 (The "Ten Days That Shook the World.")

    The Third International, founded in 1919 in Moscow, restored the principles of proletarian internationalism and revolutionary Marxism, applying them to the period of the death agony of capitalism. Its statutes declared:

    "The Communist International aims at armed struggle to overthrow the international bourgeoisie and to create an international republic of Soviets (councils) as the first stage on the road to complete liquidation of any government regime. The Communist International considers the dictatorship of the proletariat to be the only available means to save humanity from the horrors of capitalism. But the Communist International considers the power of Soviets to be the form of the dictatorship of the proletariat imposed by history.

    "The Communist International supports, completely and without reservation, the conquest of the great proletarian revolution in Russia, the first victorious socialist revolution in history, and calls on the world proletariat to take the same road. The Communist International pledges to support by every means within its capacity any socialist republic no matter where it is established.

    But the Third International degenerated like the Second, although from quite different causes.

    Due to its success in leading the first proletarian revolution, the Russian Communist Party became the dominant section of the Third International. Because this revolution occurred in a backward country where it was extremely difficult to repair the damages of the imperialist war and the following civil war, and to increase the productivity of the economy sufficiently in a short period to overcome the enormous shortages of consumers' goods, a bureaucracy arose.

    Due to the delay in and betrayal of the proletarian revolution in other countries and the growing political apathy of the Russian workers, the bureaucracy managed to usurp control of the Soviet state apparatus and the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, Through this control, the Third International was converted into an instrument limited to defending the narrow diplomatic interests of the Soviet bureaucracy at the expense of the broad interests of the world revolution.

    The struggle against the Stalinist deformation of Lenin's policies, begun on a national scale in Russia in 1923 by Leon Trotsky and the Left Opposition, developed until 1928 when, as the International Left Opposition, it was extended on a worldwide scale under the name "International Communist League."

    Despite the bureaucratic expulsions carried out by the Stalinist faction against the oppositionists in all the sections of the Comintern, despite the jailings and murders in the USSR, the International Communist League held that it was still possible to reform the Comintern, viewing itself as only an opposition, trying to gain reinstatement in the various national sections.

    But in 1933, when the powerful German Communist Party capitulated, under Stalin's guidance, in face of Hitler's drive for power, and permitted the German proletariat to be defeated and decimated without the slightest effort at a united and organized struggle, it was clear that it was no longer possible to reform the Comintern.

    In September 1933, the International Left Opposition called for construction of a Fourth International. Under the guidance of Leon Trotsky, the Movement for the Fourth International achieved its goal at a founding conference held in Europe in 1938. Five years later, Stalin dissolved the remnants of the Third International.

    As heir to the traditions and principles of revolutionary Marxism and proletarian internationalism, the Fourth International undertook the task of carrying forward the work begun by the First, Second, and Third Internationals-construction of the leadership needed by the working class to overturn capitalism and open the way to a socialist world.

    The level of economic development required to go beyond capitalism to a higher form of society has already been achieved by humanity. On a global scale, the premises exist for the socialist organization of society, for planned worldwide production directly linked to the broad needs of humanity rather than the chaotic production of capitalism which is dehumanized by the aim of profit-making for the benefit of a minute class of exploiters.

    In a certain sense capitalism has become overripe for socialism. As an historic punishment for not yet having achieved socialism, humanity has had to pay a fearful cost. This includes two world wars, with their tens of millions of dead and immense material destruction; the repeated bloodletting inflicted upon the neocolonialized areas by imperialism; the endemic threat of war, famine, pestilence, and death as capitalism extends throughout the world like the four horsemen of the apocalypse; the everyday reality of war throughout the world and constant threat of a third world war in which the use of nuclear weapons could destroy civilization and possibly humankind and all the higher forms of life on this planet if not by war, then by the destruction of the habitat.

  • Noakhali Victims and Persecution Infinite

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