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Posts archive for: 01 June, 2007
  • Oppression So Intolerable!

    Oppression So Intolerable!

    Palash Biswas

    Contact: Palash C Biswas, C/O Mrs Arati Roy, Gosto Kanan, Sodepur, Kolkata- 700110, India. Phone: 91-033-25659551
    Email: alashchandrabiswas@gmail.com">palashchandrabiswas@gmail.com

    Dalits alone can protect Brahmin life & property : Lessons of UP election

    How DV predicted Mayawati sweep so accurately ?
    Muslim masses in UP go with Dalits
    Power of caste: Boost to Madigas & blow to Lingayats
    Balakrishnan must visit Coimbatore jail to see the dying Madani
    Upper caste Christian silence on racism within church
    Yunus stripped naked: DV proves right
    Pl Read:
    http://www.dalitvoice.org/

    The Centre today rushed more para-military forces to restore law and order in Rajasthan where violence spread to more places as part of the agitation by the Gujjar community demanding Scheduled Tribe status.The debate over India's affirmative action policy hovers constantly at the top of the political agenda. The Hindu concept of untouchability was abolished in 1950, but the centuries-old caste system, and the deep-rooted prejudices that go with it, remains.In rural India, Dalits are frequently prevented from sharing the same water pump as the rest of the village. Even in middle-class urban India, where the divisions are less obvious, people will often inquire indirectly for clues of caste membership on first meeting, putting together details of surname, origin and father's profession to make a mental classification.

    For some the oppression is so intolerable that they abandon the religion altogether. Last Sunday, several thousand Dalits and tribal Indians converted en masse to Buddhism in a ceremony in Mumbai, to escape their position at the bottom of the social pile.The rural development ministry is giving the final touches to the rehabilitation law while the GoM on SEZs is about to come out with its report. Rather than treat the issues at different fora and risk contradictory positions on “sensitive” matters, the sources said the Centre felt that a more “holistic” outlook was desirable.

    But the Eviction Drive goes on! Drama and farce by political parties go on!
    Hypocrisy at its best – now after all that in Sindur and Nandigram Indian oligarch Tata says ‘Private sector should be socially responsible’

    India and the US on Friday inched closer to concluding an agreement to operationalise the civil nuclear deal but "some work" still needed to be done after the second day of high-level talks.

    They kill mercilessly and they talk peace, Non Violence!The government has decided to set up at least one Central University in every state and assist the state governments to set up at least one degree college in every district.

    Basu appeals to Mamata to work for Nandigram peace while Gunshots and bomb explosions were heard here today, for the second time in the past three days. But, there were no casualties. Commuist antisocials acting like Nazis still firing in Nandigram and West Bengal cops doing nothing- shame on Buddha of West Begal orfe Hitler of Bengal. Shots were fired and crude bombs hurled at Bhangabera area for half an hour, Superintendent of Police G A Srinivas said, adding there was no report of any casualty or injury in the incident. Police personnel, posted at Tekhali bridge, did not intervene to prevent any flare-up as the firing went on for some time from both Bhangabera and Khejuri sides.

    In Rajasthan, the Meena community is mobilizing to confront a four-day-old Gujjar agitation that has already claimed 25 lives India must learn there is no end of reverse discrimination by securing quotas exceprt for votes for politicians - Gujjar protestors demanding Scheduled Tribe status. The situation is slowly going out of hand as more ethnic communities demand quotas - India is facing the dark side of reverse discrimination. A fight for the right to be downwardly mobile exploded this week in north India, as a powerful community of Indian shepherds asserted that the best way to rise up in modern society was to take a step down in the regimented class hierarchy.Tension over the still-rigid caste classifications, which underpin the Indian social system, spilled over into riots across the state of Rajasthan, with at least 23 people killed during clashes with the police. By Friday evening, protests had spread to the outskirts of the capital, New Delhi.This was not the usual show of anger at the ever-prevalent discrimination faced by members of lower-caste groups. Instead, it stemmed from controversy over a demand from the Gujjar community of farmers and shepherds to have their low caste status officially downgraded, relegating them to the bottom classification in the caste ladder.Meanwhile,The Centre has referred the National Tribal Policy to a group of ministers to fine-tune the contentious areas before it is made into a law.The policy’s aim is to strike the “right balance” between retaining the identity, culture and values of tribals while integrating them with the mainstream.Sources said the Union cabinet, which met today, was expected to approve the policy but decided to refer the matter to the ministerial group, headed by home minister Shivraj Patil, after the violence in Rajasthan.There was another reason also. Because the policy has suggested a pro-human approach to the question of displacement, it is linked to resettlement and rehabilitation of those uprooted by industrial projects and special economic zones.

    And see, how the Indian polity is exposed!

    NDTV on Friday appeared before the Additional Sessions Judge Vinod Kumar who is hearing the BMW case.The court had ordered an inquiry after the NDTV expose in the BMW case. The channel produced all the original unedited footage of the expose before the Judge hearing the case, who saw the film.The High Court has taken note of the matter and so per judicial propriety the Sessions Judge has closed the inquiry.

    While the Bhumi Uchhed Pratirodh Committee (BUPC), which is spearheading the movement against land acquisition, has been active for the past five months in Nandigram, the CPI(M) has its camps in the adjacent Khejuri area.When asked, Trinamool Congress MLA and BUPC leader Shubhendu Adhikary denied any firing from the Nandigram side. He, however, accused the CPI(M) of trying to instigate violence from the Khejuri side by opening fire and triggering blasts.
    Meanwhile, the BUPC decided to cancel its proposed rally to Khejuri today after a meeting with the administration last night. "We want the administration to intervene so that our people in Khejuri can safely return home," Adhikary said. About the allegations that displaced CPI(M) supporters were yet to return home in Nandigram, the BUPC claimed those, not involved in the atrocities on people, were already returning "without any problem".

    CPI(M) patriarch Jyoti Basu today appealed to Trinamool Congress chief Mamata Banerjee to sit across the table with the Left Front to bring back peace in Nandigram rather than insisting on that the March 14 killings be termed as a 'genocide'.

    ''Why should we unnecessarily describe the killings as an act of genocide? Eight persons were killed in police firing while six others died of bomb and bullet injuries during the attack by the agitators,'' he told reporters after attending the party's weekly state Secretariat meeting.

    With more than 2,500 CPI(M) supporters and others being driven out of home, the need of the hour was to work for restoration of peace in Nandigram, he said.

    ''How long can such a situation continue? The Trinamool Congress should sit with the Left Front for a negotiated settlement,'' he said making an appeal to Ms. Banerjee to work towards restoration of normalcy in Nandigram.

    The comment of the CPI(M) veteran, who had earlier accused the opposition of not being sincere in the peace process for Nandigram, came a day ahead of the Left Front meeting. The meeting is scheduled to discuss ways to ease out differences with the opposition that spoiled the all-party peace meeting, held on May 24.

    Ms Banerjee walked out of the meeting demanding that the March 14 killings be termed as a ''genocide'' and those guilty be punished to ensure a smooth peace process.

    Five killed, 20 injured as Gujjars and Meenas clash
    Dausa, June 1 (PTI): Five persons were today killed and 20 others injured when the ongoing stand-off between Gujjars and Meenas over the ST status issue took a violent turn in Rajasthan's Dausa and Karauli districts. Four persons were killed and ... More

    Centre asks Raje Govt to resolve Gujjars crisis
    New Delhi, June 1 (PTI): The Centre today asked the Rajasthan government to resolve the Gujjars unrest over their demand for inclusion of the community in the Scheduled Tribe category. "The issue is of political nature and the state has to take ... More

    Centre rushes more forces to Rajasthan
    New Delhi, June 1 (PTI): With the Gujjar violence escalating in parts of Rajasthan, the Union Home Ministry today despatched 200 additional para-military personnel to the state and kept some more central forces ready to meet any excigency. The ... More

    Dear Friends

    Warm greetings from Kolkata!

    Many of you must have heard by now that on Monday evening, the West Bengal Government cancelled our booking of the Salt Lake Stadium, the venue of the June 2-3 Convention and also the place where most of the outstation delegates were to have stayed. The news was conveyed to us just before we were to address a Press conference on the Convention and we informed the Press that there was no question of cancelling the Convention. We are taking this as a victory for the Convention, when the State perceives a handful of citizens as a threat!

    Yet rumours are floating around that the Convention has been cancelled. Our request to you is not to heed these rumours.

    The Convention will be held on June 2-3, 2007.

    We are finalising the alternative venue and will inform each of you about it. For outstation delegates, if you do not hear from us before you leave, please call us when you reach Kolkata and we will direct you to the venue. In fact, call us at any time you require information. But as our phones are constantly busy do bear with us. We are trying to make alternative arrangements for accommodation, but this might be a little more expensive than what you had been told earlier.

    Looking forward to seeing you at the Convention.

    In solidarity

    Aditi

    Numbers you can call:

    Aditi 91 98301 76085
    Krishna 91 98304 06870
    Samar Bagchi 91 9433526839
    Sumit 91 98302 49430
    Vaskar Nandy: 91 94340 18621

    __._,_.___

    Whoever has come across Sanjaya could not help being struck by his utterly unassuming and extremely earnest manners despite playing a pivotal role within the NAPM.

    His premature departure is too shocking, and the loss is too great.

    Sukla]

    Dear Friends,

    It is with immense pain and sadness that we inform you about Sanjay's demise. Yes, our dear friend Sanjay Sangvai is no more. He died late last night at the Nature Life Hospital at Kochi run by Dr. Jacob Vadakkanchery.

    As friends know, Sanjay has been under treatment for his heart problem for quite some time, though he never allowed his ailments to affect his activism. He always behaved in a manner where he never allowed us to be bothered about his ill-health and the toll it was having on him. However, he was very sick of late and the family had decided to take him to Kochi to be at Dr. Jacob's place and under his treatment. But as destiny was to be, Sanjay bid adieu to all of us and dear life last night.

    Sanjay was a journalist-activist most of his life. He had been writing, in English, Hindi and Marathi, about the issues and political processes of NBA and other such people's movements in India. He has been closely involved with SEZ related issues, land acquisition and the injustices involved for the past couple of years - also through his association with NCAS, Pune. He also worked as a lecturer of journalism at the University of Pune, before joining as a full-time activist of NBA in 1989.

    He has written extensively and participated whole-heartedly on the processes involving people's movements from across the country. Involved in NBA, NAPM, Sangharsh 2007 and so on, Sanjay was a major spirit behind many a movements and activists...

    Our tributes to Sanjay can never be completed... Sorry Sanjay we could not even call you during the last couple of weeks... But this was unfair to all of us, who cherished and will always cherish your love, affection, camaraderie and above all your undying spirit and commitment to people.

    Zindabad and Lal Salam comrade...

    --

    Vijayan, Ashok, Sunil, Sridevi...
    Delhi Forum

    F-10/12, Malviya Nagar
    New Delhi - 110017 INDIA
    Phones: +91-11-26680883/26680914

    JSW Steel to give free shares to the project-affected
    1 June 2007

    Mumbai: JSW Steel has announced a package that includes free shares to landholders who sell their land to JSW Bengal Steel, the Rs 35,000 crore, 10 million tonne steel plant proposed to be set up at Salboni in West Medinipur, around 200 km from Kolkata. JSW Steel vice chairman and managing director Sajjan Jindal announced the package at a joint press briefing with West Bengal chief minister Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee at Writers' Buildings, the state secretariat. The offer of shares over and above the compensation package comes amid a raging debate about the impact of land acquisition on those losing land. The JSW package for Bengal offers employment for at least one person per family losing land, compensation for land price (50 per cent in cash and 50 per cent annuity from Life Insurance Corporation) and free shares at par equivalent to the land price.

    "Landlosers should be the owners of this plant. Because the project is coming in their area, they should be owners of the plant, and they must get benefit out of the development that happens there," said Jindal

    Mayawati's security reduction irks politicians
    May 31, 2007

    After assuming power, Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Mayawati, has decided to curtail the security cover of some senior leaders of Opposition parties and legislators, leaving her rivals miffed and fuming. The security cover of the State BJP chief, Kesri Nath Tripathi, senior BJP leader Lalji Tandon, Samajwadi Party leader Naresh Agarwal, independent MLA from Kunda Raghuraj Pratap Singh alias Raja Bhaiya has been reduced, sources said here today. The security of these leaders has been downgraded in the wake of the report of the review committee, which stated that the threat perception to them has reduced, sources added. The Samajwadi Party's national General Secretary and Rajya Sabha MP Amar Singh had approached the Allahabad High Court after his ''Z-plus'' security was withdrawn. The court has directed the government not to withdraw the security till further orders. Raja Bhaiya also enjoyed ''Z-plus'' type security cover, but now only a gunner would be provided to him, they said. Others whose security has been axed include SP MP Akshay Pratap Singh, former Congress MP Ratna Singh and former State Minister, Shiva Kant Ojha. However, security cover of the leader of Congress legislature group in the Legislative Assembly, Pramod Tewari, has been kept intact, sources said. Tandon decried the decision of degrading the security, claiming that he apprehended threat from terrorists and was provided a bullet proof vehicle by the previous government.

    If Gujjars were to be shunted into the Scheduled Caste category, a classification that includes Dalits (once known as untouchables) and tribal communities, they would qualify for greater privileges under India's affirmative action program, which was designed to lift up those groups that for centuries were viewed as "pollutants," ostracized by mainstream society and prevented from accumulating wealth.

    Quotas of university places and lucrative government positions are reserved for members of the Scheduled Castes under the system that was created when India became independent 60 years ago. Although the Gujjar caste is also eligible for some privileges because of its position in the second-from-bottom grouping - known in bureaucratic lexicon as Other Backward Classes - its leaders point out that members would enjoy much better preferential treatment if it were demoted to the lowest rung.

    Sachin Pilot, the Congress Party member of Parliament for the region where six people were killed by police gunfire Tuesday and a member of the Gujjar caste, said as many as 70,000 protesters were still blocking the road out of Jaipur.

    Frustrated at the state government's refusal to meet their demand, thousands of Gujjars blockaded the national highways around the state capital of Jaipur, known as the pink city, on Tuesday. The protests brought the state of Rajasthan, much loved by tourists, to a virtual standstill all week. Vehicles were prevented from traveling on to Agra and the Taj Mahal. Thousands of trucks were stuck for several days by the blockades, tourist trains were canceled and government vehicles scorched.Government buildings were attacked in one Rajasthan town Friday, prompting the authorities to issue a shoot-on-sight order.

    They bought the communists of West Bengal with hard cash. They did not care when West Bengal cops took the Nazi stands to humiliate and kill common people in Sindur and Nandigram. Now the Indian oligarch Tata says ‘Private sector should be socially responsible’. What an audacity?

    Tata Group Chairman Ratan Tata today asked the private sector to focus on social development of the country.

    "While we grow we must not forget the fact that there are numerous people living below the poverty line, especially in rural areas," Tata said at a function organized by the Bombay Chamber of Commerce and Industry at its 171th Annual General Meeting.

    Shame on Indian politicians that take bribes from these Indian oligarchs. Shame on these oligarchs who deprive common people of India to gather billions. Shame on foreign Governments and companies who collaborate with corrupt Indian politicians and oligarchs.

    Orissa govt refutes starvation report

    Bhubaneswar, Jun 1: With the Orissa assembly rocked today over media reports that people in the backward Nuapada district were subsisting on a kind of rock, the state government initiated a criminal case against two reporters of a local language news channel for "false and motivated" stories.
    Speaker Maheswar Mohanty also announced constitution of a six-member house committee headed by Revenue Minister Manmohan Samal to probe the matter.The issue was raised in the house by Leader of the Opposition J B Patnaik who quoted the news channel that people in Sinapalli area of Nuapada district were consuming a kind of rock to stave off hunger.

    The house saw three adjournments during the day as agitated opposition members demanded suspension of all other business to take up a discussion on this "serious issue".When the assembly met again in the evening, the revenue minister described the reports of the news channel as "totally false and motivated".

    A criminal case was lodged against Puturam Sunani and Meghnad Kharsel, reporters of the news channel OTV, by the district welfare officer yesterday, he informed the house while making a statement on the issue.The case had been registered at the Sinapali police station under section 124(a) (sedition), 417 (cheating) and other sections of the IPC against the two persons. The circle inspector of Khariar was investigating into it.

    Land row: Setback for Bachchan

    Friday, June 1, 2007 (Faizabad)
    You are not a farmer and hence not entitled to the land- this is what a Uttar Pradesh court told Amitabh Bachchan while hearing a petition filed by the super star, asking for a review in a land allotment case.The previous Mulayam Singh Yadav government had allotted about 90,000 sq ft of prime land in the state's Barabanki district to Bachchan, a close confidante of the Samajwadi Party.
    But the court order says that revenue records which show the land in Bachchan's name since 1983 have been fudged. There are also allegations that the aim of getting land in Uttar Pradesh was to acquire some in Maharashtra. While revenue records show Bachchan as its owner since 1983, villagers claimed it was village property.

    On March 24, 2006, Barabanki DM Aashish Goyal declared the transfer of Gram Samaj land to Bachchan as illegal, saying it was registered by fudging documents. He ordered an FIR to be lodged.The case came to light after the Collector of Pune made a query to Goyal last year as Bachchan had used his Uttar Pradesh land documents to support his case for owning 20 acres at Maval, off the Pune-Mumbai highway.

    As per a Maharashtra government rule, only those who are farmers or own agriculture land elsewhere can buy land at Maval, a place much sought after by people to build farmhouses.

    But after Friday's court order, Bachchan may even lose the land he owns at Maval.
    Kolkata's Park Circus makeover handed over to Reliance
    2007-06-01 20:53:07 Source : Moneycontrol.com
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    Left parties have agreed to offer the famous Park Circus market in Kolkata to be redeveloped by Reliance. The company has offered to pay over Rs 30 crore for control of the market, reports CNBC-TV18.

    Reliance outbid a handful of developers to bag the contract to develop the market into a multistoried shopping destination. According to the conditions laid down by Kolkata Municipal Corporation, all licensed shop-owners and vendors in this market would be moved to a makeshift structure till completion of construction.

    Later, when the new building is ready, they will be brought back. But even after accommodating all of them, Reliance would get at least one-and-a-half lakh square feet retail space in the new building.

    Reliance is so keen on these properties that it wants the Kolkata Municipal Corporation to put all markets owned by it on the block through an omnibus tender. The Mayor said that it was a good proposal but partners of the CPIM did not like the idea. They even opposed the sale of the Park Circus market because they felt it would give Reliance a back door entry into retailing.

    Brainstorming began across Left parties in Bengal, and they have finally reached an agreement to let Reliance have control over the Park Circus Market. But there is no sign yet of the Forward Bloc giving the go-ahead to Reliance's proposed foray into retailing.

    A CPIM leader said the issue would be discussed separately in another meeting of the Left Front. But clearly consensus on the transfer of the Park Circus Market is a step towards giving Reliance the green signal to roll out its retail venture in Bengal.

    Karat cut unkind for Reliance retail
    Calcutta/New Delhi, May 31: The Bengal CPM has decided to go slow on Reliance’s proposed retail business in farm products after party chief Prakash Karat’s call to introduce licensing for the entry of big Indian companies in the retail market.Party leaders today indicated that Reliance would not be allowed to sell farm products from its planned outlet in the Park Circus market, which it would re-develop having won the contract through bidding. Senior CPM leader Benoy Konar said: “We have to stop Reliance’s venture in farm products in view of the central leadership’s directive.”

    He said other groups like ITC and Pantaloons as well as foreign companies like Metro AG had already entered the vegetable market. “If we stop Reliance, we have to stop others also.”

    Karat’s note, sent to the Manmohan Singh government, has also emboldened CPM allies the RSP, CPI and the Forward Bloc to try and stop Reliance’s entry into retail using city markets as the launch pad at tomorrow’s Left Front meeting.

    The CPM wants the Centre to adopt “stringent regulations on the organised sector in retail trade” through “a system of licensing”. The licence will be issued by urban local bodies.

    “Any retail outlet with floor area over an appropriate minimum floor area should require the licence. Licences should be given on the basis of the population criterion,” Karat’s note said.

    Besides, there should be a cap on the number of large-format retail outlets in particular areas and restriction on the number of outlets a company opens in a city to “prevent private monopolies”.

    Reacting to the note, Congress spokesperson Abhishek Manu Singhvi said it was the government’s prerogative to make policy. “Nevertheless, the views of each UPA constituent will have to be considered.”

    A senior official of the department of industrial policy and promotion, which is the authority concerned, said: “The government is moving cautiously and will hold consultations across the political spectrum.”

    Ritzy Mallya on board ‘Udupi’ airline
    - Kingfisher owner pays Rs 550cr for 26% in no-frills Air Deccan
    OUR BUREAU

    May 31: Vijay Mallya, an unabashed lover of life’s luxuries, today picked up a 26 per cent stake in Air Deccan, once described as the “Udupi hotel of India’s airline business” by its founder, Captain G.R. Gopinath.

    Mallya, who had plonked down £595 million for Scotch whisky maker Whyte & Mackay just three weeks ago, will pay Rs 550 crore to become the largest shareholder at Rs 155 a share, a Rs 9 premium on the market price, in India’s first low-cost carrier.

    A no-frills airline doesn’t really cut the mustard with the flamboyant image of Mallya, known for his thoroughbreds and yacht — and he has said some pretty rude things in the past about the concept and its practitioners in India, including Air Deccan.

    But he had to swallow all of that and sweet-talk Gopinath into letting him come aboard and turn away the four other bidders in the fray.

    Gopinath told reporters at a televised news conference in Bangalore that he had at first rejected Mallya’s offer because it had come from Kingfisher, the full-service airline. “Nowhere in the world has a low-cost carrier been taken over by a premium-service airline.”

    The Air Deccan boss, who remains executive chairman, said he agreed to the marriage with the bejewelled Mallya on the understanding that the liquor lord wouldn’t tamper with his low-cost model. Mallya had said he was changing his offer and was keen to come in as an individual investor.

    Gopinath laboured this point at the news conference to emphasise that there would be no dilution of the Air Deccan philosophy that has made it the second largest private airline in the country with a market share of 22 per cent to Kingfisher’s 11 per cent.

    The Kingfisher-Air Deccan combine will be the largest airline in the country with 71 planes and a market share of over 33 per cent. The two airlines will retain their “separate identities for the time being but with a commonality of management resources”, said Mallya’s UB group president Ravi Nedungadi.

    Mallya was said to be away in Paris and not available for comment. He will speak in Mumbai tomorrow and perhaps give an insight into how he wrapped up a deal he has secretly pursued for the past six months even as rival Naresh Goyal’s Jet Airways huffed and puffed over the Air Sahara acquisition.

    Mallya has already paid Air Deccan Rs 150 crore and will pay the rest in the next four weeks. The Kingfisher honcho, who refers to his passengers as “guests in his home”, will now be nominated as the vice-chairman of Air Deccan.

    United Breweries Holdings Ltd, his group company, will now make an open offer to acquire a further 20 per cent of Air Deccan’s equity at Rs 155 per share. If the open offer succeeds, he will control around 46 per cent of the carrier.

    Anil Ambani’s ADAG Group, which was one of the bidders for the airline, is reported to have offered Rs 135 per share. Gopinath said the Kingfisher bid was the best not only on the table but also in the long-term interests of all the stakeholders, customers and the airline business. “This deal will avoid a bloodbath in the skies that might have otherwise ensued,” he added.

    The bloodbath in Air Deccan itself was worth Rs 212 crore in losses in the quarter ended March 31, 2007.

    Best Western chain touches Orissa shores
    OUR CORRESPONDENT
    Bhubaneswar, May 31: Cabana Group, the master licensee of the world-renowned chain of hotels — Best Western International — today announced its plans to set up a premier hotel and a management institute here.

    The group has lined up investments worth US $1.2 billion in India over the next 10 years.

    Chief minister Naveen Patnaik, who presided over the ground-breaking ceremony of the hotel and the institute, hoped that the move would “set new standards of service and related training”.

    Co-chairman of Cabana Hotel Management Private Limited and venture capitalist, Prabhu Goel, said the institute will be the group’s first training venture anywhere in the world. “Since the industry demand is huge, we hope that all students will be absorbed after training,” Goel added.

    The institute, for which the government has allotted a seven-acre plot near Dumduma, will have hostels for 1,500 students, classrooms, labs, kitchens, along with a an attached 200-bed hotel. The group will represent Best Western brand in India, provide hotel management services and consultancy, he said.

    Over the next 10 years, the group intends to add more than 100 hotels and 10,000 rooms to the growing Indian hospitality market. “We have visited places like Chilika, Puri, Konark and Paradip. We are interested to set up hotels there. We have plans to invest around Rs 350 crores in developing properties in the state,” said Goel.

    The co-chairman of the group also gave a presentation of upcoming Best Western properties in Mumbai, Delhi, Bangalore, Ooty, Rameswaram, Kaniyakumari and Jaisalmer.

    “We are planning premier hotels in tier-I and tier-II cities. Later, we would set up 3-5 star hotels depending on the traffic,” Goel said, adding that he is now pulling out of the technology sector. “I have been in technology for 25 years, now I want to get into something more exciting,” he said.

    David Kong, president and CEO of Best Western International, said everyday Best Western hotels host nearly 4,00,000 guests. “Some of them would definitely like to come to India. And we hope, by expanding our chain here, international travellers would be interested to visit the country.”

    Established in 1946, Best Western International claims to be world’s largest hotel chain operating under a single brand name.Having 4,164 properties in 80 countries worldwide, the group’s global gross revenue for 2006 touched $ 8.15 billion. Cabana Hotel Management Private Ltd was incorporated in India in November 2006.
    Fresh players on broadcast crease
    SAMYABRATA RAY GOSWAMI
    Mumbai, May 31: Indian and Asian cricket authorities today signed up new broadcasters for the Ireland series and the Afro-Asia Cup, a day after walkouts by Zee and Nimbus had left both events in jeopardy.

    The Board of Control for Cricket in India replaced Zee with Nimbus for the June-July Ireland series, and the Asian Cricket Council drafted ESPN-STAR Sports for the Africa-Asia contests in Bangalore and Chennai starting next Tuesday.

    Yesterday, Nimbus had ended its contract with the Asian council while Zee had pulled out of a $219-million deal with the Indian board to beam at least 25 ODIs featuring India at neutral venues.

    “The deal (with Nimbus) has been sealed at $6.05 million per match for the (Ireland) series to be played from June 26 to July 1,” board vice-president Lalit Modi told reporters with Nimbus chief Harish Thawani by his side.

    But Modi would not confirm if Nimbus would get the remaining portion of Zee’s terminated contract.

    “If advertiser interest in such matches picks up — it’s at an all-time low — the board will issue a fresh contract. If not, the whole thing may be scrapped,” a senior board official said.

    Nimbus already has a $619-million, four-year contract with the BCCI for all international and domestic cricket controlled by the board till 2010. The company is believed to be paying much less than Zee per match for the rights to the neutral-venue fixtures.

    Zee had yesterday suggested that its pullout was prompted by what it saw as the board’s preferential treatment of Nimbus.

    After the government made it mandatory for broadcasters to share with Doordarshan live feed of India’s matches, both Zee and Nimbus wanted to renegotiate their contracts. Nimbus got its wish but Zee, according to its officials, didn’t.

    The BCCI source said Nimbus’s gesture in filling in for Zee was a “quid pro quo for the huge rebate it got from the board for sharing feed with Doordarshan”. He said Nimbus’s Rs $619-million deal had

  • Small Pox alert with New Vaccine

    Small Pox alert with New Vaccine

    Palash Biswas

    Contact: Palash C Biswas, C/O Mrs Arati Roy, Gosto Kanan, Sodepur, Kolkata- 700110, India. Phone: 91-033-25659551

    Email: alashchandrabiswas@gmail.com">palashchandrabiswas@gmail.com

    Global warming, climate changes and Globalisation, altogether play havoc with Man and Nature. India has become a dumping ground of everything junk, poisonous and injurous to health. Indian law and policy makers are least concerned with public health as the concept of Welfare State withers away! HIV and Condom marketing, mineral water, prohibited chemicals, vaccines- everything targets the poor Indians! So once again a Small Pox Red Alert and A New Vaccineawaiting FDI clearance!
    Smallpox is highly contagious and spreads primarily through prolonged social contact or direct contact with infected body fluids or contaminated objects, such as bedding or clothes. It can spread through the air in closed spaces but isn’t transmitted by insects or animals.Officials said the School of Tropical Medicine, Calcutta, is still equipped for diagnostic tests for the virus.Early symptoms are high temperature (101-104°C), bodyache and headache. In two to three days, red spots appear in the mouth and tongue and break open into sores. Rashes all over the body follow.The rashes become fluid-filled bumps that turn into pustules. Finally, scabs form and fall off, often leaving lifelong pitted scars. Occasional side effects include blindness and infertility in males.Smallpox was last reported in India in 1975, when around 1,400 people were infected. The disease is caused by either of two virus variants, Variola major and Variola minor.The deadlier form, V. major, has a mortality rate of 3 to 35 per cent while V. minor causes a milder form of the disease called alastrim and kills less than 1 per cent of patients.

    “The world is unprepared”

    The World Health Organisation had declared the disease eradicated in 1979, so vaccines are not available. No specific cure is known for the viral infection that can kill up to a third of patients.

    West Bengal health officials have said the School of Tropical Medicine, Calcutta, is still equipped for diagnostic tests for the virus. However the STM told TIMES NOW that all vaccines to fight the disease had been destroyed after the elimination of the disease globally.

    Speaking to TIMES NOW, Director of the School of Tropical Medicine N K Pal Shah said no country, except perhaps UK, USA and Russia, currently has vaccines against Small Pox.

    “The whole world is unprepared to combat the disease,” he said adding that prevention of an outbreak would include identifying and quarantining the suspected case as well as the neighbourhood and vaccinating them within 4 days of the onset of first case. “But, I believe report floated by media is unconfirmed report,” said Shah.

    Emission Permits Advance; Bush Urges Climate Goals (Update1)
    Bloomberg - 3 hours ago
    By Mathew Carr and Alex Morales. June 1 (Bloomberg) -- Greenhouse-gas permits in Europe rose after President George W. Bush proposed a new round of international talks to curb emissions.
    Mixed reaction to Bush call for 'global goal' on emissions International Herald Tribune
    The Emperor's Green Clothes Spiegel Online

    Small pox and measles spread in Burma-Bangladesh border area (Brief News)
    5/24/2007

    Small pox and measles is being spread among children in the Burma-Bangladesh border area, reports a health worker. Many children in Maungdaw Township are now suffering from the disease, which broke out in the area at the beginning of last month. The disease is now infecting children in the border area of Bangladesh near Burma. A doctor from Nila border town in Teknaf confirmed that many children in the area are suffering from a small pox and measles epidemic.
    http://www.narinjara.com/details.asp?id=1277

    However, Bangladesh authorities have not yet confirmed any case of small pox and said they have been investigating the situation.In Kolkata, The West Bengal government issued a warning in all districts after reports from New Delhi about the possible return of smallpox, considered eradicated from the world 30 years ago, along the Bangladesh-Myanmar border.

    The West Bengal Director of Health Services Sanchita Bakshi said border security agencies have been asked to monitor if anyone is entering India with fever, one of the symptoms of the disease.

    "There is no need to panic as this is a false alarm," Health Secretary Naresh Dayal told reporters in New Delhi.

    Dayal said, his ministry had interacted with the World Health Organisation (WHO), which assured them that there is no outbreak of smallpox either in Bangladesh or Myanmar.

    Authorities in the health ministry said the whole scare germinated after a message from the government to a few border states about a possible outbreak of smallpox in neighbouring Bangladesh.

    Cherian Varghese, a senior health coordinator of WHO-India, said that vigilance is always good but there is no such outbreak in Bangladesh. "We have no knowledge of it. Neither people nor authorities should not worry," he told IANS.

    Smallpox jitters after 28 years but WHO denies the report.The World Health Organisation has said reports of small pox outbreak in Bangladesh is yet to be checked but there is no eruption of the deadly disease in Myanmar, West Bengal Health Minister Suryakanata Mishra today said here. Alarmed by reported outbreak of small pox at Rajshahi district in Bangladesh, West Bengal government had yesterday sounded a general alert in the state's northern districts.

    "The WHO's South Asia office has informed the National Institute of Communicable Diseases that it is not small pox that has infected some people in Myanmar," Mishra told newspersons here.

    "Regarding Bangladesh, they are yet to get information whether the disease is small pox or something else," he said.

    Stating that steps like screening people coming in from Bangladesh through land borders or at the airports have begun, Mishra said there was no need to be alarmed.

    "The CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) at Atlanta in the USA has been contacted on the issue," he said adding that at present there was no preventive medicine for small pox as WHO had several years back declared that small pox had been eradicated.

    Now see the report as WHO has denied the report of Small Pox. Is this the marketing of a New Small Pox Vaccine?

    Acambis Small Pox Vaccine Awaiting FDA Endorsement
    Written by OJ Fagbire
    Wednesday, 16 May 2007
    Tag it:
    By Thursday, a small pox vaccine produced by Acambis PLC will be reviewed by a panel set up by the Food and Drug Administration. The Acambis small pox vaccine is rated as a second-generation vaccine which is manufactured by applying the cell-culture lines. The vaccine is a derivative of an older vaccine called Dryvax, made by Wyeth.

    The manufacturer of the vaccine claims to be awaiting the endorsement of the FDA before sourcing for funds from the government via grants. The vaccine which is also called ACAM2000 would not be sold commercially in the United States since the routine vaccination of children in the US stopped in 1972.

    Skin rash is one of the results of the virus and it could be severe and deadly in some cases, say 30% of the entire cases.

    According to the FDA, safety measures with small pox vaccines like ACAM2000 and Dryvax is of utmost concern. There some side effects accompanying the vaccines and they comprise of seldom cases of inflammation of the heart-wall muscle known as myopericarditis and severe skin infections. A Report from clinical research says Acambis vaccine has no fatalities.

    The agency carrying out the studies reached an observation that one of the studies involving the vaccines suggested the rate of myopericarditis is higher than previously suspected. Ten cases of myopericarditis were seen in the studies and manifested in both vaccines.

    The FDA concluded that, ‘‘However, the potential benefits of administration of ACAM2000 during a smallpox outbreak to persons who are determined to be at high risk of exposure or who have been recently exposed outweigh potential risks.’’
    http://www.vaccinerx.com/news/latest/acambis-small-pox-vaccine-awaiting-fda-endorsement-20070516-273-26.html

    USIBC launches health initiative for India

    Washington, June 1: The US-India Business Council (USIBC) has launched a new initiative -- 'Coalition for Healthy India' (CHI) -- to provide improved access to healthcare in India, including access to the latest treatments and innovations.

    USIBC President Ron Somers, in a statement yesterday, said, ''The CHI intends to bring together the US and Indian business community, non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and medical professionals to coordinate and support improved access to healthcare in India, consistent with efforts being taken by the Government of India as well as the corporate social responsibility (CSR) programmes being pursued throughout India by the US and Indian private sector.'' He said ''the initiative includes bolstering the protection of intellectual property and innovation so that the best class of treatments and devices across the broad spectrum of healthcare challenges facing India are and remain available and accessible to the common man.'' The CHI will concentrate on raising health standards, including the accreditation of health care facilities and penetration of health insurance coverage, with a particular emphasis on rural areas where more than 60 per cent of Indians live and work.

    Moreover, CHI will work collaboratively with other efforts underway in India to raise awareness about the scourge of HIV/AIDS, while promoting preventative measures and improving access to effective and affordable treatment regimes.
    http://www.newkerala.com/news.php?action=fullnews&id=34230

    We should have a thorough study on Public health in India

    India Together: Public Health Issues - HomepageThe proposed Public Health Foundation of India will establish five 'world class' institutes to train 1000 public health professionals every year. ...
    www.indiatogether.org/health/public.htm
    WWW VL Public Health: Asia - IndiaHealth Promoting Schools. National Public Health Associations. Geriatrics Society of India. National Public Health Education and Research Facilities ...
    www.ldb.org/vl/geo/asia/3ind.htm

    HPH NOW, May 26, 2006, Public Health Foundation of India LaunchedPoised to become the world's most populous nation by 2040, India faces daunting challenges: huge burdens of disease, lack of needed medical care in many ...
    www.hsph.harvard.edu/now/may26/ -

    InfoChange India News & Features, india health news, public health ...InfoChange India News & Features, india health news, public health, India Healthcare, India Health indicators, Health studies, Health data, Infant mortality ...
    www.infochangeindia.org/HealthItop.jsp?section_idv=2

    The McKinsey Quarterly: The Online Journal of McKinsey & Co.A foundation for public health in India, from McKinseyquarterly.com, an on-line journal of business and economics published by McKinsey & Company featuring ...
    www.mckinseyquarterly.com/article_abstract.aspx?ar=1668 -
    Public health in India : an overviewDownloadable ! Author(s): Das Gupta, Monica. 2005 Abstract: Public health services, which reduce a population's exposure to disease through such measures as ...
    ideas.repec.org/p/wbk/wbrwps/3787.html
    Website for the Ministry of Health & Family WelfarePublic Expenditure Management ... National Health Accounts India, 2001-02 / Errata ... Designed and Hosted By Health Informatics Division - National ...
    mohfw.nic.in/
    ALL INDIA INSTITUTE OF HYGIENE AND PUBLIC HEALTH(i) The celebration of 50th Anniversary of Independence saw the culmination event with the National Seminar of "50 years of Public Health in India, ...
    mohfw.nic.in/kk/95/ib/95ib0y01.htm
    Smallpox
    Smallpox is a disease caused by the Variola major virus. Some experts say that over the centuries it has killed more people than all other infectious diseases combined. Worldwide immunization stopped the spread of smallpox three decades ago. The last case was reported in 1977. Two research labs still house small amounts of the virus. Experts fear bioterrorists could use the virus to spread disease.

    Smallpox spreads very easily from person to person. Symptoms are flu-like and include high fever, fatigue and headache and backache, followed by a rash with flat red sores.

    The U.S. stopped routine smallpox vaccinations in 1972. Military and other high-risk groups continue to get the vaccine. The U.S. has increased its supply of the vaccine in recent years. The vaccine makes some people sick, so doctors save it for those at highest risk of disease.

    National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
    http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/smallpox.html
    The Disease
    Smallpox is a serious, contagious, and sometimes fatal infectious disease. There is no specific treatment for smallpox disease, and the only prevention is vaccination. The name smallpox is derived from the Latin word for "spotted" and refers to the raised bumps that appear on the face and body of an infected person.

    There are two clinical forms of smallpox. Variola major is the severe and most common form of smallpox, with a more extensive rash and higher fever. There are four types of variola major smallpox: ordinary (the most frequent type, accounting for 90% or more of cases); modified (mild and occurring in previously vaccinated persons); flat; and hemorrhagic (both rare and very severe). Historically, variola major has an overall fatality rate of about 30%; however, flat and hemorrhagic smallpox usually are fatal. Variola minor is a less common presentation of smallpox, and a much less severe disease, with death rates historically of 1% or less.

    Smallpox outbreaks have occurred from time to time for thousands of years, but the disease is now eradicated after a successful worldwide vaccination program. The last case of smallpox in the United States was in 1949. The last naturally occurring case in the world was in Somalia in 1977. After the disease was eliminated from the world, routine vaccination against smallpox among the general public was stopped because it was no longer necessary for prevention.

    Where Smallpox Comes From
    Smallpox is caused by the variola virus that emerged in human populations thousands of years ago. Except for laboratory stockpiles, the variola virus has been eliminated. However, in the aftermath of the events of September and October, 2001, there is heightened concern that the variola virus might be used as an agent of bioterrorism. For this reason, the U.S. government is taking precautions for dealing with a smallpox outbreak.

    Transmission
    Generally, direct and fairly prolonged face-to-face contact is required to spread smallpox from one person to another. Smallpox also can be spread through direct contact with infected bodily fluids or contaminated objects such as bedding or clothing. Rarely, smallpox has been spread by virus carried in the air in enclosed settings such as buildings, buses, and trains. Humans are the only natural hosts of variola. Smallpox is not known to be transmitted by insects or animals.

    A person with smallpox is sometimes contagious with onset of fever (prodrome phase), but the person becomes most contagious with the onset of rash. At this stage the infected person is usually very sick and not able to move around in the community. The infected person is contagious until the last smallpox scab falls off.
    http://www.smallpox.gov/AboutDisease.html

    Pl see also:
    http://www.bt.cdc.gov/agent/smallpox/index.asp
    http://www.smallpox.gov/
    World Health Organization
    http://www.who.int/en/

    Smallpox
    From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smallpox
    Smallpox (also known by the Latin names Variola or Variola vera) is a highly contagious disease unique to humans.[1] Smallpox is caused by either of two virus variants named Variola major and Variola minor. The deadlier form, V. major, has a mortality rate of 3–35%, while V. minor causes a milder form of disease called alastrim and kills ~1% of its victims.[2][1] Long-term side-effects for survivors include the characteristic skin scars. Occasional side effects include blindness due to corneal ulcerations and infertility in male survivors.

    Smallpox was responsible for an estimated 300–500 million deaths in the 20th century. As recently as 1967, the World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that 15 million people contracted the disease and that two million died in that year.[3] After successful vaccination campaigns throughout the 19th and 20th centuries, the WHO certified the eradication of smallpox in 1977.[4] To this day, smallpox is the only human infectious disease to have been completely eradicated from nature.[5] However, there are recent reports of smallpox in Asia as reported by the Times of India(June 2007).[6]

    Chikungunya: 25000 people hospitalised
    Hindu - 21 hours ago
    THIRUVANANTHAPURAM: About 25000 people have been hospitalised in various districts of the State with symptoms of chikungunya, Health Minister PK Sreemathy said here on Thursday.
    62 chikungunya cases confirmed in Kerala: Health Secy NewKerala.com
    Kerala hit by Chikungunya Times of India

    3 Tennesseans Possibly Exposed To TB-Infected Man
    WKRN, TN - 22 hours ago
    What if we're flying with someone infected with small pox or Sars? Dr. Tom Inglesby, with the Center for Bio Security, said, “If we're at the point in the ...

    City paediatricians doubtful of vaccines not listed in UIP
    Chandigarh Newsline, India - 26 May 2007
    They maintain that vaccines for Hepatitis-A, typhoid and small pox should be encouraged. “This is a positive step towards better health as these vaccines ...

    New Philadelphia Times Reporter Man Quarantined in Atlanta GA with Rare Form of Tuberculosis
    DentalPlans.com, FL - 30 May 2007
    This is the first government ordered quarantine since the Small Pox scare in 1963. All passengers aboad Air France Flight 385 on May 12, 2007 and Czech Air ...
    Georgia man quarantined after Europe trip; CDC warns passengers of ... Earthtimes.org
    all 2,044 news articles »

    Articles/Stories: Biological and Chemical Weapons In An Age of Terror
    Manila Mail, DC - 30 May 2007
    ... expanding an attack well beyond the original point of deployment, using such contagious diseases as small pox, ebola, AIDS, or plauge. ...

    New Vaccine Can Save Lives but the Cost May Leave Some at Risk
    WTOC, GA - 2 May 2007
    "There are probably people that fought small pox vaccines as well," says Senator Johnson. Grace felt the same way. "You wonder, did they all say this when ...

    Oh-eight (R)
    MSNBC - 31 May 2007
    ‘It's been kind of a pox on both your houses,’ he says. ‘There's a disconnect out there between the people and Washington. … It seems lately whoever has ...

    Earlier reports indicated that Smallpox, the only human infectious disease thought eradicated, returned to haunt the Bengal following reports of outbreaks in Bangladesh and Myanmar.The Calcutta airport, port and border posts have been told to screen passengers from these countries, especially Chittagong, director of health services Sanchita Baksi said.The World Health Organisation had declared the disease eradicated in 1979, so vaccines are not available. No specific cure is known for the viral infection that can kill up to a third of patients.

    “We received a communiqué from the foreign ministry yesterday about the outbreak of smallpox and measles along the borders of Bangladesh and Myanmar,” a health department official said. “Any passenger from these two countries with fever and rashes will be secluded and tested.”

    “We will not seal the borders till final confirmation of the outbreak is received,” chief secretary Amit Kiran Deb said. District magistrates and chief medical officers of health in every district have been alerted.

    Chicken pox strikes state capital

    PATNA: Chicken pox, one of the most easily communicable diseases, has spread in certain parts of the city once again.
    About 20 persons, including children, have been hit by the disease in Kurji and Dujra localities here during the last fortnight. Normally, this disease strikes during early childhood or during adolescent stage. Few people know that if the disease occurs in old age, it can lead to extreme proportions and can cause a lot of complications. Quite unlike its sister disease small pox, which has already been eradicated worldwide, chicken pox hasn't been eradicated yet and almost everyone is at a risk of getting infected, says paediatrician and IMA, Bihar unit, secretary Dr Arun Kumar Thakur.

    Inadequate infrastructure to screen passengers

    TIMES NOW’s Sambit Pal reported that despite the alert being sounded two days ago that travellers should be screened, the lack of adequate infrastructure means this may not be implemented effectively. Cross-checking with border check-post at the Indo-Bangla border at South 24 Parganas, as well as Kolkata airport has revealed in fact, that no screening had this morning begun despite the warnings. There are at least 10 flights operating between the two countries from Kolkata airport everyday. Moreover the government will be hard pressed to monitor the inflow of people from porous parts of the border.

    To reach that conclusion, the researchers contrasted the clinical features of Lincoln's illness as cited in a host of sources with the manifestations of smallpox, of the milder form of smallpox that occurs in immunized people and of the most common diseases with symptoms that mimic smallpox.

    "The serious form of smallpox, known as variola major, was the only disease that closely fit Lincoln's clinical features: high fever, weakness, severe pain in the head and back, prostration, skin eruption -- plus the severity and approximately 21-day duration of Lincoln's illness," said Dr. Armond S. Goldman, an emeritus professor in the Department of Pediatrics at UTMB and lead author of the study.

    "Smallpox was rampant in the United States at that time," Goldman noted. "In addition, although immunization against smallpox was practiced in the mid-19th century, there is no historical evidence that Lincoln was immunized against smallpox before his illness." Moreover, Goldman said, "The milder form of smallpox, known as variola minor, first appeared in the United States at the turn of the 20th century and was unknown in the United States during the mid-19th century when Lincoln became ill."

    "Lincoln's physicians attempted to reassure him that his disease was a mild form of smallpox," Goldman noted, "but that may have been to prevent the public from fearing that Lincoln was dying."

    Goodbye, universe
    http://www.telegraphindia.com/1070528/asp/knowhow/story_7836760.asp

    In three trillion years, the Milky Way and its immediate galactic neighbourhood will change into an island universe, reports T.V. Jayan

    The Milky Way, and (below) Krauss (right) and Scherrer have been greatly acclaimed for their prediction of a ‘static universe’

    It’s an occurrence that shouldn’t be bothering us. Long after humankind is dead and gone and the sun — the sole source of energy in the solar system — burnt out, the universe will not appear to be the same as it does today. The visible universe is destined to shrink to an abysmally small size, say researchers. Besides, it would appear static too.

    The Milky Way galaxy and its immediate galactic neighbourhood are bound to get lost in the huge expanse of dark void in a few trillion years, says Lawrence Krauss, a cosmologist at Case Western Reserve University in Ohio, the US. That is because this local group of galaxies, that stays together due to gravitational pull, would have moved so far from the rest of the universe — and that too at a faster rate than the speed of light — that no information (such as light) will reach it. The disappearance of the information that currently allows us to see how the universe expands over the visible horizon may thus give the false notion of a “static universe” — a perception commonly held by astronomers at the turn of the 20th century.

    What remains will be “an island universe” consisting of the Milky Way, Andromeda (our nearest galaxy) and a few puny galaxies that will form a galactic Local Group, says Robert Scherrer, theoretical physicist at Vanderbilt University, and a co-author of the study.

    To track motion, we need markers. Consider a person in a glass enclosure. The person cannot feel the wind outside. The only way he can perceive the wind blowing is by seeing the motion of objects that are being blown around by it. With the Local Group being so far away, no such markers will be available to observers from galaxies in the group, says T.R. Seshadri, an astrophysicist at the University of Delhi.

    Incidentally, our solar system would be long gone before this happens. The sun is almost close to half its life, which is estimated to be 10 billion years. Krauss and Scherrer let their imagination run wild by presuming that there will be earth-like habitable planets around other stars at that point in time, with scientists studying the universe with instruments similar to those available today! (Both the Milky Way and Andromeda consist of billions of stars and some of them may be sun-like.)

    In such a scenario, many observational pillars on which modern cosmology are propped up — such as the cosmic microwave background radiation from the afterglow of early universe formation and the movement of galaxies away from the Local Group — will not be available to them, they argue. “While physicists of the future will be able to infer that their island universe has not been eternal, it is unlikely that they will be able to infer that the beginning involved a Big Bang,” says Krauss.

    This prediction of a “static universe” has won Krauss and Scherrer the annual prize of the Gravity Research Foundation, whose earlier recipients included Stephen Hawking and Roger Penrose.

    Subhabrata Majumdar of Mumbai’s Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, however, does not think this is a “significant piece of work”. But, of course, it has popular appeal, he says.

    Ironically, the reason for the perceived “static” nature of the universe is related to the ever-increasing speed at which the universe is expanding. According to the current theoretical models of cosmology — which are built on Einstein’s General Theory of Relativity — the initial momentum for this unhindered expansion came from a fiery Big Bang explosion that occurred some 13.7 billion years ago. However, ever since, the acceleration has picked up, thanks to a mysterious repulsive field or energy — called dark energy — that scientists think permeates space. Dark energy, which caught the attention of scientists about a decade ago, can be described as the growing tendency of empty space to create more empty space, thereby distancing anything in the universe that is not bound by gravity. Researchers estimate that 70 per cent of the universe is made up of dark energy.

    “If the universe expands in an accelerated way, the number density of galaxies will ultimately become so small that we will not see the distant ones,” Seshadri told KnowHow. According to Krauss and Scherrer, this would begin to occur over the next 100 billion years or so.

    Similarly, around the same cosmological time scale, detecting the cosmic background radiation that convinced most physicists and astronomers that there was, in fact, a hot Big Bang would be next to impossible. “The intensity of radiation (around 100 billion years later) would be smaller by a million million times, which means detectors will have to be a million million times more sensitive,” says Krauss. Then, later, the wavelength will be even longer and since such radiation is absorbed in the galaxy, it cannot make its way to us.

    This would also mean the death knell for modern cosmology. “Cosmology is an empirical science, just like the rest of physics. That is what makes it so remarkable, namely, that we can actually observationally probe the universe and learn about the past and the future. When these observables disappear in the distant future, cosmology as an empirical science will be largely over,” Krauss told KnowHow.

    Krauss, a noted popular science writer and an ardent champion of science who once wrote to the Pope appealing him to “not build walls” between science and religion, thinks that we’re living in a special time in the evolution of the universe. If the universe was an order of magnitude younger, observers would not have been able to discern any effect of dark energy on the expansion. Similarly, when the universe is more than an order of magnitude older, observers will be hard pressed to know that they live in an expanding universe, as dark energy would have been all pervading.

    Climate change — the X factor
    http://www.telegraphindia.com/1070528/asp/knowhow/story_7836770.asp

    Scientists do not know much about polar ice caps or solar activity. And unknowns like these might just prove to be more crucial than what we know, writes P. Hari

    If polar ice caps melt quickly, sea levels will rise much faster than scientists think
    James Hansen, director of Nasa’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies, has for long been one of the most prominent figures in climate change research. Ever since the 1980s, he has been an outspoken critic of White House policies on global warming. Recently, he privately circulated a paper on the cost of scientific reticence, a tendency among scientists to be cautious and absolutely sure before making a public statement. This paper is generating interest in the community of climate scientists and will be published soon in Environment Research Letters.

    Hansen’s target is the Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change (IPCC), a body that is known to be cautious in making statements about the future. Hansen acknowledges that IPCC needs to be cautious, and scientific objectivity demands that we speak only about things we know. But his problem is that this cautiousness is stopping it from communicating important things to the public. Specifically, he thinks the IPCC is not communicating to the public and policy makers the threat of a potentially large rise in sea level. IPCC is right to be cautious, he says in the paper, but excessive caution is dangerous as the mechanism of sea level rise has a built-in delay. By the time we are sure, it may be too late.

    Hansen is agitated because the IPCC has ignored the effects of melting ice sheets on sea level rise. IPCC has its estimates about sea level rise — between 28 and 42 centimetres by the end of the century. It takes into account factors like thermal expansion — water expands as it warms up beyond four degree centigrade — and some ice melting, but it does not consider fully the effect of melting polar ice caps. This is because there is very little in scientific literature that IPCC can use. We do not understand ice caps well; we do not know how quickly they will melt. Since IPCC uses only things that are understood to science, it did not fully consider polar ice melting in its models and used what we understand well. What is wrong with that approach?

    From a scientific point of view, there is nothing wrong. But if ice caps melt quickly, sea levels will rise much faster than we think. So foresight demands that we should be prepared. Hansen thinks there are positive feedbacks in polar ice melting that we cannot afford to ignore. Ice reflects sunlight back into space. If there is less ice, less heat is reflected and this causes more ice to melt. “Ice sheets are the thing when it comes to sea level rise,” says Hansen. The problem is that the effect can be non-linear, which means our correlations between temperature rise and sea level rise may not hold any more after some point. No one knows when we will approach this point. We may have already passed it (the most unlikely scenario), we may pass it in the next few decades, or we may pass it by the end of the century. “I think IPCC should make it clear that ‘business as usual’ scenarios for climate change imply an almost certain sea level disaster,” says Hansen.

    Hansen’s view is shared by a few other scientists. While runaway change for the worse is a clear possibility, there are unknowns that could change things the other way, although we can speak about them with even less certainty. One of them is the behaviour of the sun. Our star goes through periods of high activity, alternating with quieter periods. An active sun, like it is now, produces a warm climate on the earth, and quieter periods cause mini ice ages. Such cycles have happened

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