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Posts archive for: 26 May, 2007
  • Fresh Attempts For Dow`s Entry

    Fresh Attempts For DOW`s Entry!

    Palash Biswas

    Contact: Palash C Biswas, C/O Mrs Arati Roy, Gosto Kanan, Sodepur, Kolkata- 700110, India. Phone: 91-033-25659551
    Email: alashchandrabiswas@gmail.com">palashchandrabiswas@gmail.com

    Fresh efforts are being made to hold another all party meeting to restore peace at Nandigram, after Trinamool Congress chief Mamata Banerjee walked out of the first one on Thursday in protest against CPI(M)'s "justification" of the March 14 "genocide" there.These are the latest attmpts made on behalf of Salim and DOW to rpeat Bhopal Gas tragedy, of course! AsWest Bengal has sought more time from the Centre to decide on a new venue for construction of the petrochemical hub, which was to have been constructed at Nandigram. Following the violence in Nandigram, the Left Front government is now considering the possibility of providing land "in or around" the Haldia port. The issue came up for discussion between Prime Minister Manmohan Singh and Chief Minister Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee, when the latter called on him here. While the Left Front government has publicly stated that there would no land acquisition in Nandigram following protests and the subsequent clashes between the local people and the police in March, it also does not want the SEZ project to be shifted out of the state.

    The Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) (CPI-ML) has demanded resignation of West Bengal Chief Minister Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee for recent violence at Nandigram over land acquisition for a Special Economic Zone (SEZ).

    "We want Chief Minister Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee to accept political responsibility and resign from his chief Ministership. We want the entire truth behind Nandigram to come out and all the guilty, whether police officials or CPI-M functionaries who have been colluding with the police, to be punished," said Dipankar Bhattacharya, All India General Secretary of CPI (ML).

    CPI (ML) also demanded that the SEZ policy envisaged by the Central Government should be scrapped.

    In the wake of Nandigram violence, the Centre put on hold further SEZ projects. A review committee has suggested that the SEZ developers themselves acquire the land and settle issues like compensation and rehabilitation while the government would just act as a facilitator.

    The Trade Ministry expects low tax SEZs across the country to draw nearly 600 billion rupees in investment by 2009 and create 890,000 jobs.

    "I am trying for another all-party meeting. This time some homework will be necessary. I will also keep in touch with Mamata Banerjee and other opposition leaders," Forward Bloc state secretary Ashok Ghosh, who has been authorised by the Left Front to convene the meetings, told PTI in Kolkata today. He said he would speak to West Bengal Chief Minister Buddhadeb Bhattacherjee and Left Front chairman Biman Bose after their return from Delhi where they have gone to attend the party's politburo meeting.

    The RSP leader and state PWD minister Kshiti Goswami suggested that there should a one-to-one talk between Ghosh and Mamata before the next all-party meeting. He said proper homework was necessary to remove any misgivings for the success of the meeting. Goswami said the resolution placed at the Thursday's meeting should have been prepared after thorough discussion, which was not done.

    Meanwhile, in SILIGURI, a faction of CPI (ML), led by Mahadev Mukherjee, on Saturday took a vow to avenge the death of 14 people in police firing in Nandigram on March 14. Mukherjee, who is a staunch follower of party ideologue the late Charu Mazumdar, at a convention of the party here urged partymen to volunteer to avenge the Nandigram killings. He said that major ruling Left Front partner CPI (M) and West Bengal Chief Minister Buddhadev Bhattacharjee were 'reactionary forces' who were interested in remaining in power by any means.
    Mukherjee also criticised Trinamool Congress chief Mamata Banerjee for allegedly trying to derive political mileage from the 'mass killings' of Nandigram peasants.

    After his meeting with the Prime Minister, Bhattacharjee told reporters here that a new place would have to be finalised for setting up the chemical hub, which is to be built by the Indian Oil Corporation as well as the Salim Group of Indonesia.

    "The hub should come up in and around the Haldia port", he said he told the Centre and sought more time for the purpose.

    Given political compulsion, class interests and business affliations of party personalities, Mamata may not go all out!
    The Nandigram 'genocide' must be on the agenda of any future all-party meeting to be attended by her, Trinamool Congress chief Mamata Banerjee had said yesterday. Mamata had on Thursday, however, said she was not averse to attending another all party meeting if it was convened by the Forward Bloc.

    She wants to be friendly to Industry and the people at the same time! After all, no one may violet the ethics of the Post Modern Manusmrity of Hindu Zionist global Order!

    With the death of a farmer and reports of fresh firing, tension gripped Nandigram on Friday, a day after the failure of the all-party peace meeting. There was discontent in Singur as well, following the suicide of a farmer whose land was acquired for the Tata Motors small-car project.

    Trinamul Congress chief Mamata Banerjee addressed a meeting at Panskura, but hurried back to Singur. Expressing concern at the reports of fresh firing in Nandigram, she said, "The government should not play with fire." She said the latest incidents had taken place in communally-sensitive areas.

    Why Rampada Kamila of Nandigram chose to end his life is yet to be known. While Bhumi Uchched Pratirodh Committee, the Trinamul-led front spearheading the anti-land acquisition drive in Nandigram, said that it was family feud, but CPM claimed Rampada had fallen out with BUPC leaders and was killed. Family members, however, lodged an FIR with the Nandigram police station, saying Rampada was killed.

    On the other hand,A major infrastructure project in Haldia has hit a stumbling block. This was chief minister Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee's pet project, something he had actively been lobbying for with Delhi, the submarine cable landing station at the port town.

    On February 22, 2006, then Union minister of communications and information technology Dayanidhi Maran had approved of the fourth landing station in Haldia after Chennai, Kochi and Mumbai. The Haldia point would have been connected to the international gateway in Singapore. Proximity to landing stations, which help faster and cheaper transfer of voice and non-voice data, could have given an immense fillip to the state's IT and IT-enabled services (ITeS) industry.

    State IT minister Debesh Das went to Delhi last month to pursue the feasibility study ahead of the project. "I could not meet the Union IT minister. The minister of state told me that the Centre would back the project only after it was discussed in the Lok Sabha." Sources said the project should have been initiated by now and VSNL would have completed the feasibility study. After the Nandigram setback, the Centre has decided to put the fourth landing station project on hold. "The setback is perhaps temporary. We shall pursue it again and again with the Centre to get the project started,"said Das.

    Even as the opposition in West Bengal is holding the chief minister responsible for the Nandigram fiasco on land acquisition for chemical hub, Union Minister Santosh Mohan Dev today praised Mr Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee for a ''commendable'' job. Asked about his reaction to the ongoing row in connection with the Nandigram issue, the Heavy Industries & Public Enterprises minister said, ''The chief minister has already said that an alternative location for the chemical hub will be identified.'' He further said a state could not survive with ''sick industries'' alone.

    ''New industries must come up and as a chief minister, he is doing his job well,'' Mr Dev asserted.

    ''The state government and the Centre should work closely to help Bengal occupy a prominent position in the country's industrial map,'' he said.

    Crying foul over the Uttar Pradesh government’s position on its proposed Special Economic Zone, the Anil Ambani group today sought uniform rules for all projects, saying a similar zone promoted by Mukesh Ambani-led Reliance Industries in Gujarat had been approved.A day after the Mayawati government referred the group’s 1,200 acre multi-product SEZ to the Centre alleging violation of land allotment norms, its spokesperson said the group was looking forward to discussing the matter with the UP government and the Commerce Ministry.
    The group contended that contiguity of land, the ground on which the UP government referred the project to the Centre, had not emerged as a problem while approving RIL’s Jamnagar SEZ.
    “In April 2007, Ministry of Commerce approved Reliance Industries 12,500 acre Jamnagar SEZ which is non-contiguous,” the spokesperson pointed out and claimed that the ministry was considering approvals for other such SEZs.
    “Noida SEZ land already has underpasses to meet contiguity requirements,” the spokesperson said.
    The Anil Ambani group’s statement came on a day when Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Mayawati said all major decisions of previous Mulayam Singh government, including Reliance Energy’s Dadri power project, would be reviewed.
    “We will look at all the decisions of the previous government and action will be taken if they are found violating the rules or against public interest,” she said at a press conference here.
    While Dadri power project has received in-principle from the Board of Approval in the Commerce Ministry, the Noida multi-product SEZ is at an application stage.

    Presidential Bait

    The CPI(M) today said it was in talks with Congress and other parties within and outside the UPA on the names of possible Presidential candidates while not ruling out the possibility of Lok Sabha Speaker Somnath Chatterjee being in the race. Left is puzzled whether Mayawati would support Pranab. Hence, this is the safemost stance.It is clear that left wants to keep clear the escape route as it advocates the most opportunist brand of so called ideology!

    Meanwhile, Pranab`s evict Bengali dalit Refugees out of India campaign makes significant headway asThe multi-purpose national identity cards carrying 16 personal details of an individual will be launched in the national capital today.
    The micro-chip based cards, each carrying a unique national identity number, will be distributed in a north Delhi locality, as a pilot project, and subsequently 30 lakh people residing in 20 pilot locations spread across a dozen states will be covered, official sources on Friday said. The sophisticated identity cards, to be issued to citizens above 18 years of age under the pilot project, are secured electronic devices to be used for providing a credible individual identification system for improving the citizen-Government interface.

    `I don't know. The Polit Bureau has told us to explore all options. It depends on all parties to see who is the most suitable candidate," party General Secretary Prakash Karat said when asked whether a Left nominee could be put up for the post of President. Addressing a press conference after the two-day Polit Bureau meeting, he said many names were being suggested, but "as far as we are concerned, nobody is ruled in or ruled out.... Left parties have set out the criteria but not zeroed in on any name".

    The Left criteria for a Presidential nominee is that the person must have a political background and firm secular credential. The future President must be able to exercise judgement to maintain balance between the Parliament, Executive and Judiciary. Karat said there was "more or less" a general consensus among secular parties on this criteria. Asked about Vice President Bhairon Singh Shekhawat's name being floated by the BJP, he said "you decide whether he falls within the criteria". He said subsequent to the meeting of the Left parties on the issue here last week, the CPI(M) has held consultations with "parties within and outside the UPA, as also Congress".

    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    youtube/Blair and Bush - The butchering of Iraq
    http://www.youtube. com/watch? v=OHnL0KHSNOQ

    Communism in Bengal
    The Political Economy of a Crisis
    By SUDHANVA DESHPANDE
    and VIJAY PRASHAD

    Pablo Neruda, Libros de las preguntas, 1974.

    In August 2006, Mamata Banerjee traveled to Singur, home to around 20,000 people in the state of West Bengal. Banerjee, who was once an activist in the Congress Party, floated her own front in 1997 (the Trinamul Congress Party -- TMC), formed an alliance with the far right BJP two years later, and has since floundered to gain a footing in the state. Meanwhile, the Left had recently consolidated its political hold on the West Bengal, having ruled the state government since 1977 in a united front. The Left Front has won every election since 1977 with a two-thirds majority in the Legislative Assembly. In the last election, earlier in 2006, the Left Front increased its tally to three-fourths of the Assembly (the TMC lost half its sitting members). Nothing that Banerjee could do seemed to dislodge the robust alliance built by the Left. Her best chance was in the 2001 election, which was preceded by months of violence in Midnapur district, particularly along the Pingla-Garbeta-Keshpur belt. Banerjee claimed this was violence unleashed by the Communist Party of India (Marxist) [CPM], the largest component of the Left Front. She hoped to get a sympathetic central government (led by the BJP) to dismiss the state government on the eve of the elections. In fact, TMC cadres had begun the violence, in a brutal attempt to reverse the land reforms initiated by the Left in the 1970s.

    Banerjee came to Singur, just north of West Bengal's capital Kolkata, to squelch the government's attempt to reinvigorate industrialization in the state. Descending from their three jeeps, TMC party members and Banerjee were joined by a handful of locals as she proceeded to plant rice on a small plot of land. Such political theatre was designed to lay bare her protest: that the government was in the process of acquiring land from the farmers on behalf of an Indian car manufacturing firm, the Tatas. The kisans of Bengal, she told the assembled media, would "shed blood." This was a harbinger of what was to come, given the recent history of Midnapur.
    http://www.counterpunch.org/prashad05232007.html

    Cal

    My heart is where my treasure lies,
    My reward is in your eyes.

    In an unprecedented action, the CPI-M on Saturday suspended octogenerian Kerala Chief Minister V S Achuthanandan and party`s state secretary Pinarayi Vijayan from its Polit Bureau, the highest policy making body, for violating the party`s norms by airing their differences in public.The Congress-led UDF Opposition in Kerala today wanted the CPI-M to remove V S Achuthanandan from the post of Chief Minister in the wake of the party suspending him from the Polit Bureau for "breach of discipline." In a statement here, UDF convener P P Thankachan also asked the CPI-M to remove the party state secretary Pinarayi Vijayan from the party post. If they continue in the present posts, the "stalemate" now prevailing in the state administration would only intensify, he said. The two should quit their posts in the interest of the state or should be removed, he added.

    Promising a "cooperative" approach with the Centre, the UP CM seeks from the PM Rs 15000 crore for her state. By now, miles of newsprint and hours of airtime have already been devoted to deconstructing Mayawati.

    Promising a "cooperative" approach with the Centre, U.P. Chief Minister Mayawati today sought from Prime Minister Manmohan Singh Rs 15,000 crore for overall development of the state, particularly improving key infrastructural areas like power, roads and development of an international airport.

    In her first meeting with Singh after assuming office, Mayawati said the state had suffered immensely in the past three years due to the "confrontationist attitude" of the Mulayam Singh government with the Centre as also other "political and personal" reasons.

    UPA Chairperson Sonia Gandhi joined Singh and Mayawati at the 75-minute luncheon meeting at the Prime Minister's official Race Course Road residence.

    Mayawati, who was accompanied with her Cabinet colleague Satish Chandra Mishra, described her meeting as "courtesy call" and that she had discussed in detail the developmental issues in U.P.

    Minister favours BHEL unit in West Bengal
    Economic Times, India - 25 May 2007
    KOLKATA: Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd, the country's biggest power equipment supplier, should set up a manufacturing unit in West Bengal, Heavy Industries ...
    Ailing state-run companies to be revived Indian Muslims

    Tata AIG to expand in West Bengal
    The Statesman, India - 22 hours ago
    KOLKATA, May 25: Tata AIG Life Insurance is all set to expand its business in West Bengal. The company is planning to open 10 new branches in the state and ...

    Blast kills seven in Guwahati
    India eNews.com - 5 hours ago
    At least seven people were killed and 30 injured here Saturday in a powerful explosion blamed on the outlawed United Liberation Front of Asom (ULFA).

    Punjab row persists, Dera asked to apologize
    Monsters and Critics.com - 11 hours ago
    Chandigarh, May 26 (IANS) The Dera Sacha Sauda sect is under fresh pressure to apologize to the Sikh community for offending their religious sensibilities and to end an ugly row that has paralyzed Punjab.

    Warrant against Raj Thackeray
    Khaleej Times - 23 May 2007
    JAMSHEDPUR - A local court here yesterday issued an arrest warrant against Maharashtra Navnirman Sena (MNS) chief Raj Thackeray for his alleged provocative statement against Bihari community two months ago.

    43 days to go, vote to see Taj among seven wonders of the world
    Mumbai Newsline - 24 May 2007
    Mumbai, May 24: Nearly 359 years after it was built, its luminescent white marble and jewelled arches stand as a testament to a king’s ardent love and passion for his wife.

    America's First Terror War

    From Pirates to Enemy Combatants: R.T. Naylor traces the birth of the American Military-Industrial Complex and illustrates the striking parallels between Thomas Jefferson's naval war on the Barbary Coast states and Bush's War on Terror. Oil Company U?: Ali Tonak takes apart the big merger between British Petroleum and Cal-Berkeley and reveals BP's plot to saturate the Third World with GM crops, all in the name of oil conservation.

    Udayavani
    Doc’s dose notto cost India Inc salary freedom
    Economic Times - 18 hours ago
    NEW DELHI: Prime Minister Manmohan Singh’s fervent appeal on Thursday to the big guns of India Inc to exercise restraint in their pay packages clearly caught the assembled good and the great by surprise.

    Tata Tea makes $523m profit on Glaceau stake sale
    Moneycontrol.com - 7 hours ago
    Tata Tea has sold 30% stake in Glaceau to Coca Cola for USD 1.2 billion. It has made a profit of USD 523 million on its investment in Glaceau, RK Krishna Kumar, Vice-Chairman, Tata Tea, said.

    Indo-Russian multirole aircraft deal on anvil
    India and Russia would sign the fifty-fifty deal for the joint development of multirole transport aircraft (MTA) within two months, an industry official has said.

    Iraq invasion has destabilised India`s neighbourhood: Jaswant
    The US-led war in Iraq has contributed in destabilising India`s neighbourhood and is bound to affect American shores also one day, former External Affairs Minister Jaswant Singh said in New Delhi on Saturday.

    Iraq's Mehdi Army vows revenge on British troops
    Mail & Guardian Online - 10 hours ago
    The Mehdi Army Shi'ite militia vowed on Friday night to conduct revenge attacks on British soldiers in southern Iraq after its Basra leader was killed by Iraqi special forces in an operation supported by British troops.

    India to buy 350 main battle tanks from Russia
    India is to buy around 350 T-90S main battle tanks from Russia under a deal to be inked in autumn this year, according to a top military official in Moscow.

    BJP poster irkes Jaswant`s wife
    The wife of senior BJP leader Jaswant Singh has filed a complaint against a party MLA for the depiction of top party leaders as "Gods and Goddesses" in a poster saying it had hurt her "religious sentiments".

    Division in Kerala CPI(M) reaches point of no return

    New Delhi, May 26: It is ironical that the CPI(M) decision to wield the axe on Chief Minister V S Achuthanandan and State Secretary Pinarayi Vijayan comes at a time when the party-led government just completed a year in office.

    The action by the polit bureau is the culmination of a long-drawn undeclared war between two of the party's popular faces in the state which began much before it stormed to power ousting the Congress last year.

    The two comrades have shared an uneasy relationship ever since Vijayan, once considered an Achuthanandan loyalist, moved away from his shadow after becoming the State Secretary as his nominee.

    He then went on to capture the powerful state committee by filling his loyalists and several district committees, much to the chagrin of the 84-year-old VS, as he is popularly known among the masses.

    The differences often came out in the open after both the sides leaked "favourable" details of the party meetings to the media, drawing criticism from the central leadership which even sent a one-member committee to fix the responsibility.

    The wranglings reached a turning point when the state committee decided not to field VS in the Assembly elections, triggering a wave of protests, both inside and outside the party, in the state.

    A darling of the masses, Achuthanandan's charisma and popularity was something which the cadre party cannot afford to ignore and the central leadership finally intervened and gave him a ticket, leaving the Vijayan camp fuming.

    Riding on the twin waves of Achuthanandan's popularity, which rose during his tenure as the Opposition leader after he took up several issues of public concern, and anti-incumbency, the party swept the elections.
    http://www.zeenews.com/znnew/articles.asp?aid=373597&sid=REG

    PRESS RELEASE: 25.05.2007

    Condemn the Arrest of PUCL Activists in Chhattisgarh

    Jan Hastakshep condemns the arrest of Rajinder Sail the President of the Chattisgarh PUCL. This arrest is allegedly made in connection with Shankar Guha Niyogi’s murder case, on grounds of contempt of court proceedings at Madhya Pradesh. Even though the case pertains to April 2005, the M.P. and Chhattisgarh governments have kept the warrant pending for years and suddenly pulled it out of their pockets to execute it. The fact is that the state was becoming increasingly uncomfortable with Rajender Sail’s activity in the matter of the arrest of Chhattisgarh PUCL General Secretary, Dr Binayak Sen. While it is true he will have to serve the sentence lawfully imposed, yet the abuse of powers is writ large. It is a clear case abuse of law when the police keep final orders pending without executing them and using them only at their convenience.

    Dr. Binayak Sen was fighting against violations of human rights and he was very critical of the numerous “encounters” being done in Chhattisgarh, while demanding a proper enquiry into these so called encounters. At the time of issue of this statement to the press, Binayak Sen stands charged for Sedition, conspiracy to wage war and conspiracy to commit other offences. Such post arrest and post FIR confabulations are part of the impunity, governments have granted to the law-enforcing establishment. .

    It is indeed a lesson for civil liberty and democratic groups to watch the increasing depravity of state institutions and the manner of their functioning which holds all issues of democracy and accountability in utter contempt. This unrelenting attack on civil liberty groups and activists is unprecedented; except during the Emergency, it was never common place to arrest senior and well known civil rights activists.

    Jan Hastakshep appeals to all concerned citizens and civil right groups to come out and protest these increasing attacks on Indian democracy and insist for a more accountable administrative functioning. These increasing attacks by the right wing BJP led governments and the creation of state sponsored vigilante groups such as the Salwa Judum are clear indicators of the growing dangerous fascist trends in India . What needs to be kept in mind is that these trends are not any different in Congress or other party ruled states.

    Jan Hastakshep strongly condemns the arrest of both PUCL activists and demands:
    1. Immediate release of Mr. Rajender Sail and Mr. Binayak Sen and dropping of all criminal charges against them
    2. Strict and swift action be taken against the armed forces and police personnel involved in the brutal murders of innocent citizens in these so called encounters.

    Nagraj Adve wrote: Friends,
    Serious and additional charges such as sedition and conspiracy to wage war have been filed against Dr Binayak Sen. And against Rajinder Sail, who was to be one of the speakers at the meeting mentioned below, an absurd and years' old sentence has now been carried out. The persistent abuse of law and attack on those who raise their voice against it persists in Chattisgarh, and other states.
    Details about meeting below. Please excuse any multiple postings.
    Nagraj Adve, PUDR

    Condemn arrest of Dr. Binayak Sen
    Demand unconditional release &
    Repeal of Chhattisgarh Special Public Security Act

    Join us for public meeting on
    Repression in Chhattisgarh
    Speakers: Rajendra Sail (PUCL, Chhattisgarh)
    Justice R. Sachhar (PUCL, National)
    Rakesh Shukla (PUDR, Delhi)
    Ilina Sen (PUCL, Chhattisgarh)
    Kavita Srivastava (PUCL, Rajasthan)
    Dr. Sathyamala (MFC)

    On 26th May 2007 (Saturday)
    At Gandhi Peace Foundation, Deen Dayal Upadhaya Marg near ITO
    At 3.30 pm

    PUCL, PUDR, Saheli, Medico Friends Circle,
    Delhi Solidarity Group, NAPM, Socialist Front

    Jan Hastakshep
    Campaign Against Fascist Designs
    __._,_.___

    “Now they have Congress blackmailing the Iraqi Parliament and the Iraqi people: no privatization of Iraqi oil, no reconstruction funds.”

    What Congress Really Approved: Benchmark No. 1: Privatizing Iraq's Oil for US Companies
    By Ann Wright
    Saturday 26 May 2007

    On Thursday, May 24, the US Congress voted to continue the war in Iraq. The members called it "supporting the troops." I call it stealing Iraq's oil - the second largest reserves in the world. The "benchmark," or goal, the Bush administration has been working on furiously since the US invaded Iraq is privatization of Iraq's oil. Now they have Congress blackmailing the Iraqi Parliament and the Iraqi people: no privatization of Iraqi oil, no reconstruction funds.

    This threat could not be clearer. If the Iraqi Parliament refuses to pass the privatization legislation, Congress will withhold US reconstruction funds that were promised to the Iraqis to rebuild what the United States has destroyed there. The privatization law, written by American oil company consultants hired by the Bush administration, would leave control with the Iraq National Oil Company for only 17 of the 80 known oil fields. The remainder (two-thirds) of known oil fields, and all yet undiscovered ones, would be up for grabs by the private oil companies of the world (but guess how many would go to United States firms - given to them by the compliant Iraqi government.)

    No other nation in the Middle East has privatized its oil. Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Bahrain and Iran give only limited usage contracts to international oil companies for one or two years. The $12 billion dollar "Support the Troops" legislation passed by Congress requires Iraq, in order to get reconstruction funds from the United States, to privatize its oil resources and put them up for long term (20- to 30-year) contracts.

    What does this "Support the Troops" legislation mean for the United States military? Supporting our troops has nothing to do with this bill, other than keeping them there for another 30 years to protect US oil interests. It means that every military service member will need Arabic language training. It means that every soldier and Marine would spend most of his or her career in Iraq. It means that the fourteen permanent bases will get new Taco Bells and Burger Kings! Why? Because the US military will be protecting the US corporate oilfields leased to US companies by the compliant Iraqi government. Our troops will be the guardians of US corporate interests in Iraq for the life of the contracts - for the next thirty years.

    With the Bush administration' s "Support the Troops" bill and its benchmarks, primarily Benchmark No. 1, we finally have the reason for the US invasion of Iraq: to get easily accessible, cheap, high-grade Iraq oil for US corporations.

    Now the choice is for US military personnel and their families to decide whether they want their loved ones to be physically and emotionally injured to protect not our national security, but the financial security of the biggest corporate barons left in our country - the oil companies.

    It's a choice for only our military families, because most non-military Americans do not really care whether our volunteer military spends its time protecting corporate oil to fuel our one-person cars. Of course, when a tornado, hurricane, flood or other natural disaster hits in our hometown, we want our National Guard unit back. But on a normal day, who remembers the 180,000 US military or the 150,000 US private contractors in Iraq?

    Since the "Surge" began in January, over 500 Americans and 15,000 Iraqis have been killed. By the time September 2007 rolls around for the administration' s review of the "surge" plan, another 400 Americans will be dead, as well as another 12,000 Iraqis.

    How much more can our military and their families take?

    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Ann Wright served 29 years in the US Army and US Army Reserves and retired as a colonel. She served 16 years in the US diplomatic corps in Nicaragua, Grenada, Somalia, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Sierra Leone, Afghanistan, Micronesia and Mongolia. She resigned from the US Department of State in March, 2003 in opposition to the war on Iraq.

    http://www.truthout .org/docs_ 2006/052607Z. shtml

    Politics, mafia and youths in kerala(societal plagues)

    The recent events in kerala, even though attracted less attention, but provides much to ponder on certain issues which has bee plaguing kerala.Kerala chief Minister V.S.Achuthanandan has started a demolition drive of illegal buildings throughout, starting from a tourist destination Munnar. These buildings are a sign of the cancer that has spread in the society silently. The victims: nature, poor and mainly youth. Who is behind these activities? Mafia, a romantic Italian word for goons, and the politicians. This is a nexus that has been running until present chief minister put an end to it. His efforts and that of three IPS officers in charge have to be lauded. While the whole kerala stand behind him in support, the people who stand against him are his own colleagues and Congress. It shows utter irresponsibility towards the public and a support to crony capitalists who have been mushrooming through out the state.

    The youths are the main victims of this excessive politicization of society. They don’t have voice of their own, but barks whenever their political masters tell them to. Often these small town politicians are also into illegal businesses including black money, land and pornography which has become rampant in kerala.Often the conduit for carrying out these activities are youths. Though we know kerala as a state with high literacy rate and the state which saw phenomenal social revolution, but underneath something was going wrong. Because of the lack of industries and irrigation and other means of work, the society was increasingly becoming idle and idle mind breeds all evil. The brunt of this evil has been mostly turned towards women. The youths lured by quick money prospects and completely dogmatized by politics, and the nexus running deep between political parties and mafia, fall prey easily to these social evils. These cronies build resorts on encroached land and carry o

  • Persecuted Rebel Nazrul

    Persecuted Rebel, nazrul

    Palash Biswas

    Contact: Palash C Biswas, C/O Mrs Arati Roy, Gosto Kanan, Sodepur, Kolkata- 700110, India. Phone: 91-033-25659551
    Email: alashchandrabiswas@gmail.com">palashchandrabiswas@gmail.com

    "The Bidrohi."

    I clasp the hood of the snake-king
    and the fiery wing of the angel Gabriel.
    I am the child-divine-restless and defiant.
    With my teeth I tear apart the skirt of mother Earth.

    The rebel poet Nazrul, in his poem "Bidrohi," once said....
    “ I am the unutterable grief,

    I am the trembling first touch of the virgin,
    I am the throbbing tenderness of her first stolen kiss.
    I am the fleeting glace of the veiled beloved,
    I am her constant surreptitious gaze...

    ..

    “ I am the burning volcano in the bosom of the earth,

    I am the wild fire of the woods,
    I am Hell's mad terrific sea of wrath!
    I ride on the wings of the lightning with joy and profound,
    I scatter misery and fear all around,
    I bring earth-quakes on this world!

    “(8th stanza)”

    “ I am the rebel eternal,

    I raise my head beyond this world,
    High, ever erect and alone!

    He also wrote....

    I will stamp my footprints on the chest of God

    Bury me by a mosque, so that I can hear "The Ajan" in every dawn

    Today is the 108th birth anniversary of our rebel Poet Kazi Nazrul Islam. Popularly called the 'Bidrohi Kobi', or rebel poet, Islam was also a musician, a revolutionary and a philosopher whose most popular works are in Bengali.

    We, the partition Victim underprevileged Bengalies uprooted from homel;and and evicted from Bengali geopolitics and History, live on such assets as the legacies of Tagore, Nazrul and Sharat! We could sustain only these three personalities as our ancestral memory could hold it! We have been deprived of not only citizenship and human rights, but our memory is also snapped mercilessly. In my childhood, Iwas lucky enough to get the copies of Agni Veena and Sanchayita by Rabindranath! My late father Pulin Babu had been associated with his roots lifelong. He is perhaps the only Benagli who led a peasant Uprising in Terai, Nainital in 1958 and was also arrested during Bhasha Andolana in Dhaka. He always tried his best to keep me update. We had Dainik Basumati daily in our thatched home in Basantipur, seven KM away from Pant Nagar University. We had electricity in 1969. Until than, I was habitual to read nazrul and Rabindra in dim Light.

    Particulrly, Bidrohi and Dhoomketu were my favourites!

    We the refugee Bengalies scattered all over India and facing Eviction Drive, do identify ourselves with Rabindra and nazrul, perhaps unrightfully. We could as we enjoy a different life in different geopolitics where Bengali Brhaminical Persecution Machinery won`t work!

    Kazi Nazrul Islam: Known as "The Bidrohi Kobi," "The rebel Poet" for his astonishing masterpiece "The Bidrohi." A furious manifesto of self-conscious against immorality.Nazrul's first book of poems, Agni-Veena had appeared in October, 1922. A collection of his editorials in Nabayug was published at the same time under the title Yuga Bani but was, as has been stated before, proscribed. While in jail Nazrul composed a number of romantic poems, most outstanding among which Pujarini. These poems were smuggled out of jail and published in book form under the title Dolon Champa.
    Moslem Bharat, a monthly first published by Moslem writers in April, 1920, was at this time the chief vehicle of publication of Nazrul's writings though he wrote for several other journals as well. Nazrul's first contribution to Moslem Bharat in 1922 was Badhan Hara, a novel in the form of letters. Among his contributions to Moslem Bharat in the first tear were some outstanding poems: Shatil Arab, an ode to the river of that name, Moharram, Korbani, Fatiha Doazdaham, Badal Prater Sharab and allegory entitled Badal Barishane and other poems and songs. Special mention should be made of a poem entitled Kheya Patar Tarani, a wonderful combination of sublimity with resonant rhyme.

    Our treatment of Nazrul was very inhumane.It is still inhuman accross the border!
    Born May 25, 1899, Nazrul Islam was initially a muezzin at a local mosque before switching to poetry, drama, and literature. He also worked as a journalist in Calcutta, now Kolkata, following a stint with the Indian Army.

    Television channels accross the divided Bengal, Friday ran special programmes, remembering and reciting some of Islam's most popular works, like 'Bidrohi', 'Bhangar Gaan' and 'Dhumketu', through which he called upon people to join the revolution against the British Raj.

    The Bangladesh government had invited him and his family to the country and he settled down here in 1972. He died four years later on Aug 29, 1976.

    Bengali Songs - NajrulGeeti
    http://www.calcuttaweb.com/gaan/najrul/index.shtml
    Kazi Nazrul Islam, popularly known asbidrohi kobi (Rebel poet) took the bengali literary world by storm by his poem, bidrohi or the Rebel. Probably no other single poem influenced the Bengali society and people so deeply, and this poem, alongwith many other patriotic poems and songs, inspired the freedom fighters during the struggle against the british, and also during the Bangladesh liberation war in 1971. Many regard him as the greatest poetic force in Bengali literature after world famous Rabindranath Tagore. Both Nazrul's poems and prose writing exuberate a certain force and energy, denouncing all social and religious bigotry and plurality, cultural differences and oppression as the principal reasons for national discord and disharmony. Many of his songs and poems were banned by the british administration in pre-partition India.

    Nazrul also got equal prominence and popularity in writing songs, almost 3,000 of them, the largest by any Bengali poet and composing music. Many of his songs, particularly the love songs became instantly popular and are still revered. His songs are extremely romantic, lyric, appealing and rich in metaphors. All his works truthfully represent the life-style he led - the struggle of a poor childhood, his intense patriotism, and bohemian life as a poet.

    His chief works are: Agnivina, Sanchita, Dolan Champa, Chayanat.

    Learn more about Nazrul and his work from Nazrul.Org

    Kazi Nazrul Islam Page: Website dedicated to the wonderful life ...The first-ever website dedicated to the most wonderful life and works of the Rebel Poet Kazi Nazrul Islam; contains profile of life/ poetry translation/ ...
    http://www.nazrul.org/
    See also:
    Complete Works of Kazi Nazrul Islam
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complete_Works_of_Kazi_Nazrul_Islam
    Marxists Internet Archive: Kazi Nazrul Islam
    http://www.marxists.org/archive/kazi-nazrul-islam/index.htm

    On a different note, itis hard to understand the rational of shipping Nazrul out of calcutta to Dhaka. Nazrul was born in Bardwan in West Bengal and spent most of his adult life in Calcutta. Does it mean that Nazrul, because he was a muslim belongs to Bangladesh? On the same logic Rabindra Nath Tagore then would not be ours because he was a Hindu! Itmight seem very harsh, but Ruling Brahminical Class and Intellegentsia kolkata do not see any Nazrul relevance. First they tried to reject the under previleged rebel voice as nonsense, loud and aesthetecally substanderd. Now, they simply forget Nazrul even on his birthday!

    The poet , Capitalist Marxist World Bank slave, butcher of Nandigram, Brahmin chief minister is the In Charge of Bangla academy Nandan campus, which just skipped Nazrul today. A function was arranged in Mahajati Sadan, the venue of the All Party Meeting Farce as a routine! It is not telecasted on Doordarsha. Doordarshan telecasted live the Churulia function which was rather very low profile!

    It is understandable! The nation celebrated 150 th anniversary of Mutiny 1857, the government of Bengal and intellegentsia bengal did not care to pay any homage to mangal Pandey!

    However, the TV channels and Radio aired Nazrul songs! But the print media, including great Anand publishers did not see the event meaningful! Only Dainik Pratidin published two articles on Nazrul. Even, Bangla Statesman which focuses on Nandigram and Singur so aggressively, did not see any relevance of Nazrul!

    Comparatively, we celebrate Rabindra jayanti and Rabindra Death anniversary as if these are Durgotsav renewed. Is it not a Hindutva psyche! What is it? Please tell me! It is needless to say that Rabindranath is a revered character among the Bengali speaking people. Since no one is above criticism, posthumously or not, Rabindranath can be evaluated via his contributions and legacies left behind as did numerous writers and philosophers. By the argumentative token Plato or Socrates or Aristotle is not above the criticism as well. We understand the relevance of Tagore in Indian and Bengali life. We also know his works so well.But this Rabindra Love in West Bengal rejects and hardly finds any space , it is tragic . Very very tragic!

    We know that Bangladesh is through a transitional period once again and Bangla nationality is endangered! We know,the much-talked-about new political party might be floated within two weeks of the day the ban on indoor politics goes.Initiators of the new party said they had already informal talks among them and with the leaders of different parties and they have got huge response from them. What about West Bengal? If bangladesh is bleeding, do we feel intact? So, after Nandigram Genocide!
    Whether everyone likes it or not, it is a fact that the national anthem of Bangladesh is written by Rabindranath and he is the towering figure of Bangla language. Also, whether everyone likes it or not, Kazi Nazrul Islam is the national poet of Bangladesh, probably as a better representative of the heritage, culture, and faith of Bangladesh. They had things that were common. Both were born in Bengal and grew up with and served Bangla language and literature. Both were active in their creative work during albeit the same period. Both had love and reverence for everything that represents "beauty" and hatred and condemnation for everything that represents "ugliness".

    Despite these common aspects, they were so different and, through their difference they build bridges between themselves and through their works sowed the seed of harmony and bond. To Rabi, Nazrul was "Dhumketu" and he offered Nazrul, among many of his literary devotees, good deal of affection. Nazrul, according to his own words, used to revere Rabi, without getting detracted from his own perceived mission and vision or compromising what he stood for. In the context of Bangladesh, those who ignore, let alone disrespect, Rabindranath because of his Indian or Hindu background, while love or revere Nazrul ought to know how Nazrul had a bad habit against Rabindra-haters.

    Nazrul started a bi-weekly magazine, publishing the first "Dhumketu" on August 12, 1922. Earning the moniker of the "rebel poet”, Nazrul also aroused the suspicion of British authorities.[8] A political poem published in "Dhumketu" in September 1922 led to a police raid on the magazine's office. Arrested, Nazrul entered a lengthy plea before the judge in the court.

    “ I have been accused of sedition. That is why I am now confined in the prison. On the one side is the crown, on the other the flames of the comet One is the king, sceptre in hand; the other Truth worth the mace of justice. To plead for me, the king of all kings, the judge of all judges, the eternal truth the living God... His laws emerged out of the realisation of a universal truth about mankind. They are for and by a sovereign God. The king is supported by an infinitesimal creature; I by its eternal and indivisible Creator. I am a poet; I have been sent by God to express the unexpressed, to portray the unportrayed. It is God who is heard through the voice of the poet... My voice is but a medium for Truth, the message of God... I am the instrument of that eternal self-evident truth, an instrument that voices forth the message of the ever-true. I am an instrument of God. The instrument is not unbreakable, but who is there to break God? ”

    Bangladesh as a nation Friday paid rich tribute to National Poet Kazi Nazrul Islam, an extraordinary, prolific and versatile poet of Bangla literature, on his 108th birth anniversary, reports UNB.Thousands of people visited the mazar of the poet on Dhaka University campus in the morning to pay their homage to him.

    Teachers, students and employees of Dhaka University led by Vice Chancellor S M A Faiz placed wreath at the mazar of the poet in the early morning.

    A memorial meeting was held at the mazar with VC S M A Faiz in chair where students of Drama and Music Department of the university performed.

    Family members of poet Kazi Nazrul Islam and others offer prayers at the mazar.

    Different organisations including Nazrul Academy, Nazrul Institute and Bangladesh Shilpakala Academy observed the day with various programmes.

    A two-day programme has been chalked out to celebrate the occasion at national level.

    President Professor Dr. Iajuddin Ahmed, Chief Adviser Dr. Fakhruddin Ahmed, BNP chairperson Khaleda Zia and Awami League president Sheikh Hasina have given separate messages paying rich tributes to poet Nazrul.

    Chief Adviser Dr. Fakhruddin Ahmed will inaugurate the main programme at Osmani Memorial Hall Friday evening

    After falling ill in 1942, Nazrul quickly became irrelevent. Wife Pramila died, financial, physical handicap slowly overwhlemed the rebel poet. Wikipedia puts the rest of his life this way,

    He entered a world of increasing isolation, until 1972, when the newly formed nation of Bangladesh rediscovered him. He was taken to Dhaka and honoured as the national poet. However, Nazrul’s physcial and mental condition never improved, and he died on August 29, 1976. In accordance with a wish expressed in one of his poems, he was laid to rest beside a mosque on the campus of the University of Dhaka.

    The national poet of Bangladesh, Kazi Nazrul Islam was born in Churulia, Burdhaman district, West Bengal in 1899 (1306 Bengali year.) He didn't grow up with the luxury of enjoying his boyhood, rather lost his father in his early life. For financial hardship, he worked as a teacher in a lower "Islamic school," at the age of 9. His education went up to 10th grade but continued learning Arabic and Persian languages. As a boy, he translated Persian ghazals and Arabic writings in Bengali. He also educated himself enough to enjoy the writings of Keats, Shelly and Whitman.

    The British rule of India influenced Nazrul to take an active part through his writings in the Swadishi and Khilafat movement. He was imprisoned by the British government for one year of hard labor for his writing "Andamoyeer Agamaney," which appeared in Dhumketu.

    Rabindranath Tagore called him "Dhumketu," "The Comet," Mahatma Ghadhi described his poem as, "The song of the spinning wheel" and "Nazrul is the ultimate spirit of the spinning wheel and freedom runs through his vein."

    Nazrul wrote 50 books of poetry and songs, 6 books of stories and novels, 3 books of translations, 53 plays, verse-plays and operas, 2 movie scripts, 5 books of essays and 4000 songs and ghazals. (Source: Nazrul Institute, Bangladesh.)

    Nazrul holds the world record of recorded songs, most of which, the music were composed by Nazrul himself. (Source: Nazrul Institute.)

    The Rebel Poet Kazi Nazrul Islam, not only refused to compromise with the unjust, but carried on so much of agony throughout his entire life. His first son Krishna Muhammad died in less than a year of his birth; his second son Bulbul also died in his childhood. Broken-hearted Nazrul wrote his first Bengali gazal...

    His poetry, with its vibrant rhythms and iconoclastic themes, forms a striking contrast to rabindranath tagore's poetry. Though he respected and admired the older poet, he wrote outside the sphere of Rabindranath's influence and paved the way for the modern Bangla poems of the post-thirties. Through literature, journalism and political activism, Nazrul fought against foreign rule, communalism, imperialism, colonialism, fundamentalism and exploitation. In response, the British colonial government proscribed his books and newspapers and put him behind bars. Through his written Rajbandir Jabanbandi (a political prisoner's deposition) and his 40-day hunger strike, Nazrul protested against the harassment. In support of him, Rabindranath dedicated one of his books to him.

    Nazrul used subjects and vocabulary never used in Bangla poetry before. He became immensely popular for portraying in his poems contemporary political and social phenomenon. Some fundamental conflicts of human civilisation also formed the themes of his poems. Singularly non-communal, Nazrul drew upon his mixed Hindu and Muslim cultural traditions. He used Sanskrit and Arabic metres as easily as he did traditional Bangla ones. He referred to Persian archetypes with as much ease as he did ancient Hindu ones. He was aware of history, both ancient and contemporary, of his own country and of the world outside.

    Nazrul nourished almost all the streams of Bangla songs and established them on the solid foundation of north Indian classical music. It was through the originality of his musical talent that the folk base of Bangla songs was linked to the subcontinental tradition of classical music. nazrul songs can be described as the quintessence of Bangla songs apart from their being the Bangla edition of north Indian classical music. Through a wide variety of themes and tunes Nazrul truly turned Bangla songs into modern music.

    TARA MUZIK GEARS UP TO CELEBRATE KOBI NAZRUL'S BIRTH ANNIVERSARY
    To commemorate Nazrul Islam's 108 th birth anniversary,
    TARA MUZIK has lined up a bouquet of special programmes.
    Joto Din Robe Praner Pradeep – A bouquet of Nazrulgeeti by Indrani Sen, Anup Ghoshal, Sushmit Goswami and others.
    The song sung by Indrani Sen and Anup Ghoshal include some very popular Nazrulgeeti such as
    Kaberi Nodi Jole Ke go,
    Anjali Loho mor Sangeete,
    Shajiachho Jogi, etc.
    The programme will be aired on
    Saturday, May 26, 2007 at 06.30 a.m.
    on TARA MUZIK.

    Kheyali Nazrul – Nazrulgeeti based on different Ragas by Swarnendu Chakraborty The programme will be aired on
    Saturday, May 26, at 08.30 a.m.
    on TARA MUZIK

    Kazi Nazrul Islam
    From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
    Kazi Nazrul Islam (Bengali: ???? ????? ?????) (b. May 25, 1899 — d. August 29, 1976) was a Bengali poet, musician, revolutionary and philosopher who is best known for pioneering works of Bengali poetry. He is popularly known as the Bidrohi Kobi — Rebel Poet — as many of his works showcase an intense rebellion against oppression of humans through slavery, hatred and tradition. He is officially recognised as the national poet of Bangladesh and commemorated in India.

    Born in a poor Muslim family, Nazrul received religious education and worked as a muezzin at a local mosque. He learned of poetry, drama, and literature while working with theatrical groups. After a stint in the Indian Army, Nazrul established himself as a journalist in Kolkata (then Calcutta). He assailed the British Raj and preached revolution through his poetic works, such as "Bidrohi" ("The Rebel") and "Bhangar Gaan" ("The Song of Destruction"), as well as his publication "Dhumketu" ("The Comet"). While in prison, Nazrul wrote the "Rajbandir Jabanbandi" ("Deposition of a Political Prisoner"), intensifying his criticism of imperialism. Nazrul condemned Muslim religious fundamentalism and explored the lives of downtrodden masses in India. He remained active in political organisations and literary, art, and music societies.

    Nazrul's writings explore themes such as love, freedom, and revolution; he opposed all bigotry, including religious and gender. His impassioned patriotic stance (during British India) often earned him prison time. He wrote short stories, novels, and essays but is best-known for his poems, in which he pioneered new forms such as Bengali ghazals. Nazrul wrote and composed music for his nearly 3000 songs which are collectively known as Nazrul Sangeet (Nazrul songs) and widely popular today. At the age of 43 (in 1942) he began showing the signs of an unknown disease, losing his voice and memory. Suffering from Pick's Disease,[1] as later diagnosed by Dr. Hans Hoff in Austria (Vienna), Nazrul gradually yielded to incurable mental illness, which forced him to live in isolation for many years. Invited by the Government of Bangladesh, Nazrul and his family moved to Dhaka in 1972, where he died four years later.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazi_Nazrul_Islam

    Nazrul Geeti
    From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
    (Redirected from Nazrul geeti)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nazrul_geeti
    It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Music of Bangladesh. (Discuss)
    Nazrul Geeti, (more appropriately, Nazrul Sangeet), literally meaning "music of Nazrul," are the works of Kazi Nazrul Islam, national poet of Bangladesh and active revolutionary during Indian Independence Movement. Nazrul Sangeet incorporate revolutionary notions as well as more spiritual, philosophical and romantic themes.

    Kazi Nazrul Islam used his music as a major way of disseminating his revolutionary notions, mainly by the use of strong words and powerful, but catchy, tunes. Among the revolutionary songs, Karar Oi Louho Kopat (Prison-doors of Steel) is best known and has been used several movies, especially those made during the pre-independence period of Bangladesh.lk
    Nazrul joined the 49 Bengal Regiment and was posted to Karachi. His life in the army lasted about two years and a half from the close of 1917 to March-April 1920. During this time, from an ordinary soldier he rose to havildar (battalion quartermaster). During his stay in the army, Nazrul learnt Persian from the regiment's Punjabi moulvi, practised music with other musical-minded soldiers to the accompaniment of local and foreign instruments and at the same time pursued literary activities in both prose and poetry. Nazrul's stories and poems written at Karachi cantonment were published in different journals: his first prose writing 'Baunduler Atmakahini' (saogat, May 1919), first published poem 'Mukti' (bangiya mussalman sahitya patrika, July 1919).

    During his stay at Karachi, Nazrul subscribed to various literary journals published from Kolkata: Prabasi, Bharatbarsa, Bharati, Manasi, Marmavani, sabujpatra, Saogat and Bangiya Mussalman Sahitya Patrika. During his stay at Karachi, Nazrul had books by Rabindranath and sharat chandra chattopadhyay as well as writings of the Persian poet Hafiz. In fact, it was at Karachi cantonment that Nazrul's literary activities truly began.

    At the end of the First World War, Nazrul returned to Bengal and began the career of a litterateur-journalist in Kolkata. His first accommodation was at the office of the bangiya mussalman sahitya samiti at 32 College Street, where he roomed with Muzaffar ahmed, an official of the organisation. People started becoming aware of a new talent in Bangla when journals like moslem bharat, Bangiya Mussalman Sahitya Patrika and Upasana published his novel Bandhan-hara and poems such as 'Bodhan', 'Shat-il-Arab', 'Badal Prater Sharab', 'Agamani', 'Kheya-parer Tarani', 'Korbani', 'Moharram' and 'Fateha-i-Doazdaham'. In a letter published in Moslem Bharat, the poet-critic mohitlal majumder profusely praised Nazrul's poems 'Kheya-parer Tarani' and 'Badal Prater Sharab' and welcomed him to the learned society of Bengal. At the office of the Bangia Mussalman Sahitya Samiti, Nazrul became close to quite a few contemporary Muslim litterateurs such as mohammad mozammel huq, Afzalul Huq, kazi abdul wadud and muhammad shahidullah. Nazrul also used to attend two other popular literary addas or talking clubs: 'Gajendar Adda' and 'Bharatiya Adda'. Here he came in close contact with top personalities of contemporary Bangla art, literature, music and theatre such as atulprasad sen, Dinendranath Thakur, abanindranath tagore, satyendranath dutta, Charuchandra Bannerjee, Ustad Karamatullah Khan, premankur atarthi, shishir kumar bhaduri, Hemendrakumar Roy, sharatchandra chattopadhyay, Nirmalendu Lahiri and dhurjatiprasad mukhopadhyay. In October 1921, Nazrul went to santiniketan with Muhammad Shahidullah and met Rabindranath. For the subsequent two decades, up to Rabindranath's death in 1941, these two important poets of Bengal maintained a close association.

    Nazrul's life as a journalist began with the publication of the evening daily nabajug on 12 July 1920. Though ak fazlul huq (Sher-e-Bangla) was listed as editor, the work was mainly done by Nazrul. The political situation was volatile: the Non-Cooperation and Khilafat movements were in full swing. In this climate, Nazrul's fiery article, Muhajirin hatyar janya dayi ke? (Who is responsible for killing the refugees?) led to the forfeiture of the security deposit of the paper. A police watch was placed on Nazrul.

    Along with carrying out his journalistic activities, writing about the socio-political aspects of the national and international developments, Nazrul was also attending various political meetings with Muzaffar Ahmed. At the same time, he participated in cultural activities, attending social gatherings and rendering songs. He was yet to compose tunes for his songs, but Mohini Sengupta, a musicologist and member of the Brahma Samaj, set a few of his songs to music and published the songs with their notations. Among these songs were 'Hayta tomar paba dekha' and 'Ore e kon sneha-suradhuni'. Nazrul's song 'Bajao prabhu bajao ghana' was first published in the Baishakh issue of Saogat in BS 1327 (1920 AD).

    April-June 1921 marked an important change in Nazrul's life. He met the book publisher Ali Akbar Khan at the office of the Muslim Sahitya Samiti and accompanied him to Comilla. There he visited the house of Biroja Sundari Devi, where he met Promila, a young Hindu woman whom he would marry subsequently.

    Nazrul accompanied Ali Akbar Khan to his village Daulatpur and stayed there for some time. Returning to Comilla on 19 June, he stayed there for 17 days. Comilla was in ferment on account of the non-cooperation movement. Nazrul joined many processions and meetings and sang his newly composed patriotic songs that he had set to music himself: E kon pagal pathik chhute elo bandini mar anginay (Who is this stranger rushing to the courtyard of the imprisoned mother?), Aji rakta-nishi bhore/ eki e shuni ore/ mukti-kolahal bandi-shrnkhle (On this blood-stained dawn why this clamour for freedom by prisoners in shackles?) Thus the amateur composer and singer of Kolkata turned into a political activist and composer of patriotic songs.

    In November 1921 Nazrul went to Comilla again. An all-India strike had been called on the day. Nazrul joined the procession of the non-cooperationists and sang Bhiksa dao! Bhiksa dao! Phire chao ogo purabasi (Give alms, give alms, look back O townspeople.) Many Muslims of India, led by Maulana Mohammad Ali and Maulana Shawkat Ali, had joined in the khilafat movement to save Turkey's feudal regime. Nazrul had no faith in the philosophies of either Mahatma Gandhi's non-cooperation movement or the Khilafat movement. Instead he supported Mustafa Kamal Ataturk's new Turkish movement that had overthrown the sultanate and believed that only through armed revolution would India be liberated. Nevertheless, he joined those movements for the sake of a united anti-imperialist struggle.

    After his return to Kolkata in December 1921, Nazrul composed two of his most famous revolutionary writings: 'Vidrohi' and 'Bhangar Gan'. These two compositions totally changed the tenor of Bangla poetry.

    Towards the end of 1921 Nazrul composed another famous poem: 'Kamal Pasha'. This poem demonstrated Nazrul's sense of contemporary international history and the hollowness of the Indian Khilafat movement. Nazrul was most deeply influenced by the leadership of Mostafa Kamal Pasha, who had overthrown the feudal sultanate and turned Turkey into a secular and modern republic. Nazrul was particularly impressed by the way Kamal Pasha had removed fundamentalism from Turkish society as well as got women to give up their veils. He wondered why the reforms in Turkey could not be replicated in India and Bengal.

    All his life Nazrul fought against fundamentalism, superstition and ritualistic social behaviour, especially among Muslims. The socialist revolution in Russia in 1917 also influenced Nazrul in many ways. This was borne out by the publication in langal and Ganavani of 'samyabadi' and 'sarbahara' poems and his translation of the 'Communist International' under the title 'Jago Anashana Bandi Utha Re Yata' (Wake up and rise all the prisoners of hunger).

    Among Nazrul's literary works published in 1922 the most notable were Byathar Dan, a collection of short stories, Agni-vina, a collection of poems, and Yugavani, a collection of essays. Agni-vina, which included 'Pralayollas', 'Agamani', 'Kheya-parer Tarani', 'Shat-il-Arab', 'Vidrohi' and 'Kamal Pasha', created a stir in Bangla literature and proved to be a turning point in Bangla poetry. Its first edition was sold out soon after publication, and several editions in quick succession had to be printed.

    On August 12 1922 Nazrul published the dhumketu, which played an important role in reviving the concept of armed revolution after the failure of the Non-cooperation and Khilafat movements. In a sense the Dhumketu became the mouthpiece of revolutionaries. The paper appeared, bearing on its mast these words of blessing from Rabindranath: Kazi Nazrul Islam kalyaniyesu, ay chale ayre dhumketu/ andhare bandh agnisetu, durdiner ei durgashire udiye de tor vijay ketan 'Dear Kazi Nazrul Islam, Come O comet come. Blaze in darkness the bridge of fire, hoist your flag of victory atop this fortress in distress'. After Nazrul's veiled political poem Anandamayir Agamane (on welcoming the arrival of the goddess Durga) appeared in the Dhumketu on 26 September 1922, the issue was proscribed. Nazrul's book of essays, Yugavani, was also proscribed on 23 November 1922. The same day the poet was arrested in Comilla and brought to Kolkata. On 7 January 1923, Nazrul, as an under-trial prisoner, gave a deposition in self-defence in the court of chief presidency magistrate Swinho. That deposition, 'Rajbandir Jabanbandi', has been acknowledged as a piece of literature. In the judgement delivered on January 16, Nazrul was sentenced to a year's rigorous imprisonment.

    While Nazrul was serving his term in Alipore Central Jail, Rabindranath dedicated to him his musical play Basanta (22 January 1923). Nazrul celebrated the news by composing his poem about the ecstasy of poetic creation: 'Aj Srsti Sukher Ullase' (In the ecstasy of creation). On 14 April 1923, Nazrul was moved to Hughli Jail. The same day he began a hunger strike in protest against the ill treatment of political prisoners. Rabindranath sent Nazrul a telegram saying: 'Give up hunger-strike, our literature claims you'. The telegram was not delivered. Meanwhile, under the pressure of public opinion, the civilian jail inspector, Dr Abdullah Suhrawardy, visited the jail on 22 May 1923 and at his persuasion Nazrul broke his 40-day hunger strike. On 18 June, Nazrul was transferred to Behrampur jail. He was released on December 15, after suffering imprisonment for a year and three weeks. While in Hughli Jail Nazrul wrote his famous song, 'Ei shikal-para chhal moder e shikal-para chhal' (Chains cannot bind us) and in Behrampur jail he wrote another famous song 'Jater name bajjati sab jat-jaliyat khelchhe juya' (The communal cheats are gambling in the name of communities).

    The first anthology of Nazrul's poems on love and nature, Dolan-Chanpa, was published in October 1923. Its long poem 'Pujarini' reveals Nazrul's multifaceted perception of romantic love. It was not surprising that Nazrul's thoughts at this time of political turmoil should have turned to thoughts of love. His acquaintance with Promila had ripened to love, and, despite the disapproval of many, Nazrul married Promila in Kolkata on 24 April 1924. Promila was from a Brahmo family and only her mother, Giribala Devi, accepted the marriage. Nazrul was also detached from his family. Nazrul and Promila set up home at Hughli.

    Two collections of Nazrul's songs and poems were published that August: Biser Banshi and Bhangar Gan. Both the books were proscribed by the government in October and November. Meanwhile, Nazrul's songs were becoming popular. In 1925, His Master's Voice (HMV) produced the first gramophone record of Nazrul's songs. The record contained two of his songs, 'J

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